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28 results for “Heat resistance”
Identifying functional impacts of heat-resistant fungi on boreal forest recovery after wildfire
<p>Fungi play key roles in carbon (C) dynamics of ecosystems: saprotrophs decompose organic material and return C in the nutrient cycle, and mycorrhizal species support plants that accumulate C through photosynthesis. The identities and functions of extremophile fungi present after fire can influence C dynamics, particularly because plant-fungal relationships are often species-specific. However, little is known about the function and distribution of fungi that survive fires. We aim to assess the distribution of heat-resistant soil fungi across burned stands of boreal forest in the Northwest Territories, Canada, and understand their functions in relation to decomposition and tree seedling growth. We cultured and identified fungi from heat-treated soils and linked sequences from known taxa with high throughput sequencing fungal data (Illumina MiSeq, ITS1) from soils collected in 47 plots. We assessed functions under controlled conditions by inoculating litter and seedlings with heat-resistant fungi to assess decomposition and effects on seedling growth, respectively, for black spruce (Picea mariana), birch (Betula papyrifera), and jack pine (Pinus banksiana). We also measured litter decomposition rates and seedling densities in the field without inoculation. We isolated seven taxa of heat-resistant fungi and found their relative abundances were not associated with environmental or fire characteristics. Under controlled conditions, Fayodia gracilipes and Penicillium arenicola decomposed birch, but no taxa decomposed black spruce litter significantly more than the control treatment. Seedlings showed reduced biomass and/or mortality when inoculated with at least one of the fungal taxa. Penicillium turbatum reduced growth and/or caused mortality of all three species of seedlings. In the field, birch litter decomposed faster in stands with greater pre-fire proportion of black spruce, while black spruce litter decomposed faster in stands experiencing longer fire-free intervals. Densities of seedlings that had germinated since fire were positively associated with ectomycorrhizal richness while there were fewer conifer seedlings with greater heat-resistant fungal abundance. Overall, our study suggests that extremophile fungi present after fires have multiple functions and may have unexpected negative effects on forest functioning and regeneration. In particular, heat-resistant fungi after fires may promote shifts away from conifer dominance that are observed in these boreal forests.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Identifying functional impacts of heat-resistant fungi on boreal forest recovery after wildfire
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Leaf-level resistance to frost, drought and heat covaries across European temperate tree seedlings
<p>Most trees die as seedlings, with harsh environmental conditions, such as early-spring frosts and summer heat waves, being important drivers of early mortality. However, it remains unclear whether tolerance to different environmental extremes (e.g. frost vs. heat) trades-off, or covaries synergistically and how stress tolerances relate to growth rates and life history strategies. Given the likely role of extreme environmental conditions as environmental filters, the ability to tolerate different stressors at the seedling stage could shape the occurrence and composition of present and future forests.</p> <p>We explored the relationships between different leaf-level stress tolerances, functional traits and geographic distributions across 22 species of temperate European tree seedlings. We measured indicators of tolerance to frost, drought and heat and related these values to growth rates and to important functional traits (e.g., leaf mass per area, stem specific density). Finally, we explored the links between measured seedling stress tolerances and climatic niche limits inferred from adult trees' distributions.</p> <p>We found that seedlings of most species were either moderately tolerant to all three stressors, or susceptible to all of them. Moreover, higher stress tolerances were associated with traits describing slower growth and lower competitive ability. However, seedling tolerances to climatic factors were unrelated to the environmental limits of their adult geographic distributions.</p> <p><em>Synthesis.</em> Our results suggest that temperate tree seedlings might not experience trade-offs when facing an increase in multiple extreme climate stressors, but may experience trade-offs related to growth rate and competitive ability in the establishment phase. The lack of correlation between leaf-level stress tolerances and the environmental limits of adult geographic distributions suggests that predicting species' current or future geographic distributions in Europe will require a more nuanced understanding of how climatic tolerances at juvenile and adult stages influence range limits. A better understanding of the interaction between survival in extreme climate, leaf-level stress tolerances of seedlings, and the factors driving species distributions is needed to understand future forest responses to climate change.</p>
Orsay virus infection increases Caenorhabditis elegans resistance to heat-shock
<p>The heat shock response plays a role in the immune defense against viruses across various organisms. Studies on model organisms show that inducing this response prior to viral exposure enhances host resistance to infections, while deficient responses make individuals more vulnerable. Moreover, viruses rely on components of the heat shock response for their own stability and viral infections improve thermal tolerance in plants, giving infected individuals an advantage in extreme conditions, which aids the virus in replication and transmission. Here, we examine the interaction between the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and its natural pathogen the Orsay virus (OrV) under heat stress. We found that OrV infection leads to differential expression of heat-stress related genes, and infected populations showed increased resistance to heat shock. This resistance correlated with increased expression of argonautes alg-1 and alg-2, which are crucial for survival after heat shock and for OrV replication. Overall, our study suggests an environmental-dependent mutualistic relationship between the nematode and OrV, potentially expanding the animal's ecological niche and providing the virus with extra opportunities for replication and adaptation to extreme conditions.</p>
Orsay virus infection increases Caenorhabditis elegans resistance to heat-shock
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Leaf-level resistance to frost, drought and heat covaries across European temperate tree seedlings
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Data from: C,N-codoped MoSi2 ceramic with excellent heat resistance for microwaves absorption application
Microwaves absorption (MA) materials with high heat resistance have a wide range of applications in many fields. In this work, a C,N-codoped-MoSi2 ceramic was prepared via a facile solid phase reaction method and its MA properties was investigated. On the one hand, the results indicate that this ceramic possesses excellent heat resistance and the weight of the MoSi2 is almost constant when the temperature is lower than 800 ℃. On the other hand, this ceramic shows good MA performance when the filler loading ratio increases to 30 vol%, the value of reflection loss(RL) could reach to -17.70 dB at 7.44 GHz with the thickness of 2.0 mm and the effective EM absorption bandwidth (RL below -10 dB) could reach to 1.88 GHz (9.28 GHz–11.16 GHz) with the thickness of 1.5 mm. Multi-polarization resonance loss is considered as the predominant attention mechanism on the MA performance of this MoSi2 ceramic. This research provides a new idea for understanding resonance mechanism and greatly expands the application scope of MoSi2 ceramic in MA area.
Dataset - A complex network of additive and epistatic quantitative trait loci underlies natural variation of Arabidopsis thaliana quantitative disease resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum under heat stress
<p>Plant immunity is often negatively impacted by heat stress. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Based on a genome-wide association mapping approach, this study aims to identify in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> the genetic bases of robust resistance mechanisms to the devastating pathogen<em> Ralstonia solanacearum</em> under heat stress. A local mapping population was phenotyped against the <em>R. solanacearum</em> GMI1000 strain at 27 and 30 °C. To obtain a precise description of the genetic architecture underlying natural variation of quantitative disease resistance (QDR), we applied a genome-wide local score analysis. Alongside an extensive genetic variation found in this local population at both temperatures, we observed a playful dynamics of quantitative trait loci along the infection stages. In addition, a complex genetic network of interacting loci could be detected at 30 °C. As a first step to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, the atypical meiotic cyclin <em>SOLO DANCERS</em> gene was validated by a reverse genetic approach as involved in QDR to <em>R. solanacearum </em>at 30 °C. In the context of climate change, the complex genetic architecture underlying QDR under heat stress in a local mapping population revealed candidate genes with diverse molecular functions.</p>
Data from: Does increased heat resistance result in higher susceptibility to predation? A test using (Drosophila melanogaster) selection and hardening
Heat resistance of ectotherms can be increased both by plasticity and evolution, but these effects may have trade-offs resulting from biotic interactions. Here we test for predation costs in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> populations with altered heat resistance produced by adult hardening and directional selection for increased heat resistance. In addition, we also tested for genetic trade-offs by testing heat resistance in lines that have evolved under increased predation risk. We show that while 35/37°C hardening increases heat resistance as expected, it does not increase predation risk from jumping spiders or mantids; in fact there was an indication that survival may have increased under predation following a triple 37°C compared to a single 35°C hardening treatment. Flies that survived a 39°C selection cycle showed lower survival under predation, suggesting a predation cost of exposure to a more severe heat stress. There was however no correlated response to selection because survival did not differ between control and selected lines after selection was relaxed for one or two generations. In addition, lines selected for increased predation risk did not differ in heat resistance. Our findings suggest independent evolutionary responses to predation and heat as measured in laboratory assays, and no costs of heat hardening on susceptibility to predation.
Dataset - A complex network of additive and epistatic quantitative trait loci underlies natural variation of Arabidopsis thaliana quantitative disease resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum under heat stress
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Data from: Does increased heat resistance result in higher susceptibility to predation? A test using (Drosophila melanogaster) selection and hardening
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: C,N-codoped MoSi2 ceramic with excellent heat resistance for microwaves absorption application
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Transcriptomic analysis of heat shock resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
GEO Series GSE149394. Plasmodium falciparum. 45 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Mechanical Confinement Promotes Heat Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via SP1/IL4I1/AHR Axis
GEO Series GSE235351. Homo sapiens. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transcriptome analysis of a heat-resistant jujube cultivar response to high temperature stress
GEO Series GSE136047. Ziziphus jujuba. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Responses of grapevine cells to physiological doses of ethanol, among which induced resistance to heat stress
GEO Series GSE275842. Vitis vinifera. 13 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals differential transcription in heat-resistant and heat-sensitive jujube cultivars under heat stress
GEO Series GSE136383. Ziziphus jujuba. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Heat-Resistant Inbred Lines Coordinate the Heat Response Genes Expression Remarkably in Maize
GEO Series GSE254852. Zea mays. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Resistant Hypertension and Physical Activity Performed in a Heated Pool
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01863082. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Clinical Application of Near-infrared Whole Body Heat Shock Multimodal Technique in Treatment of Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06249750. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.