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FIGURE 9 in Helicopsis persica n. sp. from northern Iran (Gastropoda: Geomitridae)

FIGURE 9. Type locality of Helicopsis persica n. sp. at the slope to the Chalus river near Marzanābād (Province Māzandarān, Iran).

FIGURE 8. Bayesian 50 in Helicopsis persica n. sp. from northern Iran (Gastropoda: Geomitridae)

FIGURE 8. Bayesian 50% majority consensus tree based on mitochondrial cox1 sequences. Numbers at the nodes refer to posterior probability values (right) obtained from the Bayesian analysis and bootstrap support values (left, if>50) from the maximum likelihood analysis.

FIGURE 10 in Helicopsis persica n. sp. from northern Iran (Gastropoda: Geomitridae)

FIGURE 10. Distribution of Helicopsis persica n. sp. (square) and Helicopsis aelleni Hausdorf, 1996 (dots) in Iran.

FIGURES 1–5 in Helicopsis persica n. sp. from northern Iran (Gastropoda: Geomitridae)

FIGURES 1–5. Shells of Helicopsis species. 1–3, Helicopsis persica n. sp., Iran, Province Māzandarān: Marzanābād. 1, Holotype (ZMH 79888). 2–3, Paratypes (ZMH 79889). 4, Helicopsis aelleni Hausdorf, 1996, Iran, Province Semnan: S of Chashm (= Djatschm) (paratype SMF 64029). 5, Helicopsis retowskii (Clessin, 1883), Crimea: Sevastopol, Balaklava (ZMH 24648). Scale bar = 5 mm for Figs. 1–3, 5, and 10 mm for Fig. 4.

FIGURES 6–7 in Helicopsis persica n. sp. from northern Iran (Gastropoda: Geomitridae)

FIGURES 6–7. Genitalia of Helicopsis persica n. sp., Iran, Province Māzandarān: Marzanābād. 6, Holotype (ZMH 79888). 7, Inner structure of the distal parts of the genitalia (paratype ZMH 79889). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 8 in Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe

Figure 8. Distribution of Helicopsis species in Central and Eastern Europe and localities from which 16S rDNA sequences are available (symbols). The geographical boundaries of H. striata, H. hungarica and H. lunulata are not yet clear because of the lack of reliable morphological characteristics.

Figure 6 in Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe

Figure 6. Distribution of clusters obtained from the admixture analysis of AFLP data of Helicopsis from Ukraine with STRUCTURE. A, solution for K = 2. B, solution for K = 5. C, solution for K = 7. Population numbers are given next to the bar plots (Supporting Information, Table S1). The bar plots show the proportional assignment of an individual to a cluster (see also Fig. 5).

Figure 7 in Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe

Figure 7. Relationships between Jaccard distances between individuals of Helicopsis filimargo and H. lunulata based on AFLP data and logarithmized geographical distances. Black circles and red triangles: distances between individuals belonging to H. filimargo and H. lunulata, respectively; green crosses: distances between individuals belonging to different species; black and red broken lines: regression lines fitted within species; green broken line: regression line fitted on the within-group distances only (i.e. the black circles and red triangles taken together); green solid line: regression line fitted on all distances together; blue lines: centres of the betweengroups geographical distances.

Figure 4 in Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe

Figure 4. Neighbour-net network of Helicopsis from Ukraine based on Jaccard distances obtained from AFLP data. Coloration of clusters corresponds to the STRUCTURE solution for K = 2. Red corresponds to H. filimargo, yellow to H. lunulata. DNA voucher numbers for specimens are given at the tips of the network. Coloured dots at the tips of the network correspond to cluster assignments (on majority-rule basis) of specimens in the STRUCTURE solutions for K = 5 (inner) and K = 7 (outer). For locality data and the distribution of clusters, see also Supporting Information, Table S1 and Figure 6, respectively.

Figure 1 in Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe

Figure 1. Sampled Helicopsis populations in Ukraine, the adjacent Central Russian Upland and Romania and distribution of mitochondrial haplotype clades: H. lunulata (yellow dots), H. hungarica (magenta triangles) and H. filimargo (clade A, red diamonds, clade B, green diamonds and mixed population of clades Aand B, blue diamonds).

Figure 3. Bayesian 50 in Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe

Figure 3. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree of European Helicopsis based on concatenated sequences of the mitochondrial COI, 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA. Support values at the nodes correspond to Bayesian posterior probabilities (left), maximum likelihood (middle) and maximum parsimony (right) bootstrap values. Extraction voucher numbers are given at the tips of the tree. For information about sequenced specimens, see Supporting Information, TableS1.

Figure 2. Bayesian 50 in Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe

Figure 2. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree of Helicopsis and related groups based on sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rDNA. Nodes supported by posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95 are marked by a dot. For information about sequenced specimens and detailed support values, see Supporting Information, Figure S1 and Table S1.

Figure 5 in Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe

Figure 5. Assignment of specimens of Helicopsis from Ukraine to clusters resulting from the admixture analysis of AFLP data with STRUCTURE. A, solution for K = 2. B, solution for K = 5. C, solution for K = 7. Numbers below the plots refer to populations (see Fig. 6; Supporting Information, Table S1). Letters above the plots refer to mitochondrial clades: a, H. filimargo (clade A); b, H. filimargo (clade B); l, H. lunulata.