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Fig. 3 in Morphology of immature stages of Helophorus (Gephelophorus) auriculatus (Coleoptera, Helophoridae)

Fig. 3. First instar larva of Helophorus auriculatus Sharp, 1884. Anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal view.

Fig. 4. South African Helophorus, SEMs.A, C, E & G – H. aethiops J in Out of the Palaearctic: the Helophorus water beetles of the Afrotropical Region (Coleoptera: Helophoridae)

Fig. 4. South African Helophorus, SEMs.A, C, E & G – H. aethiops J. Balfour-Browne, 1954, Kokstad, South Africa; B, D, F & H – H. brumopluvialis sp. nov., Hopefield, South Africa.A–B – head detail; C–D – pronota; E–F – pronotal detail, median groove to far left; G–H – left elytral striation close to apex.

Fig. 3. Afrotropical Helophorus, pronota. A – H in Out of the Palaearctic: the Helophorus water beetles of the Afrotropical Region (Coleoptera: Helophoridae)

Fig. 3. Afrotropical Helophorus, pronota. A – H. aethiopicus Régimbart, 1907, lectotype; B – H. aethiops J. Balfour-Browne, 1954, holotype; C – H. cooperi Orchymont, 1947, holotype; D – H. brumopluvialis sp. nov., holotype; E – H. nyandaruaensis sp. nov., holotype; F – H. simiensis sp. nov., holotype.

Fig. 2. Afrotropical Helophorus, aedeagi. A – H in Out of the Palaearctic: the Helophorus water beetles of the Afrotropical Region (Coleoptera: Helophoridae)

Fig. 2. Afrotropical Helophorus, aedeagi. A – H. aethiopicus Régimbart, 1907, lectotype; B – H. aethiopicus, paralectotype; C – H. aethiops J. Balfour-Browne, 1954, holotype; D–F – H. aethiops J. Balfour-Browne, 1954, Kokstad, South Africa; G – H. cooperi Orchymont, 1947, holotype; H – H. brumopluvialis sp. nov., holotype; I–J – H. brumopluvialis sp. nov., Hopefield, South Africa; K – H. nyandaruaensis sp. nov., holotype; L – H. simiensis sp. nov., holotype. Scale bar = 100 μm.

Fig. 1. Afrotropical Helophorus, habitus. A – H in Out of the Palaearctic: the Helophorus water beetles of the Afrotropical Region (Coleoptera: Helophoridae)

Fig. 1. Afrotropical Helophorus, habitus. A – H. aethiopicus Régimbart, 1907, lectotype; B – H. aethiops J. Balfour-Browne, 1954, holotype; C – H. aethiops J. Balfour-Browne, 1954, Kokstad, South Africa; D – H. cooperi Orchymont, 1947, holotype; E – H. brumopluvialis sp. nov., holotype; F – H. nyandaruaensis sp. nov., holotype; G – H. simiensis sp. nov., holotype. Scale bar = 1 mm.

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Figs 1–3. Helophorus auricollis. 1 in New records of water beetles (Coleoptera: Helophoridae, Hydrophilidae, Hydraenidae) from Commander Islands

Figs 1–3. Helophorus auricollis. 1 – male genitalia, dorsal view; 2, 3 – habitat on the Bering Island (floodplain of Buyan River).

Fig. 17. Meiosis metaphase I in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 17. Meiosis metaphase I from testes of Helophorus (Lihelophorus) species from Qinghai: Zuimatan. a – H. lamicola Zaitzev, 1908; b – H. ser Zaitzev, 1908; c – H. yangae sp. nov.

Fig. 16 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 16. Mitotic chromosomes from mid-gut cells of males of Helophorus (Lihelophorus) species from Qinghai: Zuimatan, arranged as karyotypes. a–b – H. lamicola Zaitzev, 1908 (a – plain (Giemsa stained); b – same nucleus, C-banded). c–d – H. ser Zaitzev, 1908 (c – plain; d – same nucleus, C-banded). e–h – H. yangae sp. nov. (e – plain; f – same nucleus, C-banded; g – plain; h – same nucleus, C-banded). The y chromosome is missing from the preparation shown in c and d and in d the y chromosome from a different C-banded preparation with a similar degree of chromosomal condensation has been inserted.

Fig. 12 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 12. Labroclypeus and epistome of larvae of Lihelophorus and Helophorus s.str. a–b – H. (H.) liguricus Angus, 1970 (a – dorsal view; b – ventral view); c–d – H. (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov. (c – dorsal; d – ventral); e–f – H. (Lihelophorus) lamicola Zaitzev, 1908 (e – dorsal; f – ventral).

Fig. 10 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 10. Head capsule of the first instar larva of Helophorus (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov. a – ventral view; b – dorsal view; c – lateral view.

Fig. 9 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 9. Association of reared larvae and field-collected adults of Helophorus (Lihelophorus) based on cox1 sequences. a – Bayesian inference of newly obtained and available GenBank sequences; b–c – habitus of reared larvae (b – H. yangae sp. nov.; c – H. lamicola Zaitzev, 1908).

Fig. 6 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 6. Aedeagophores of Helophorus (Lihelophorus) species. a–e – H. (L.) ser Zaitzev, 1908 (a – lectotype, Qinghai: valley of Alag Hu lake; b–c – Xizang: valley SE of Dong La pass; d – Qinghai: Golo, 20 km E of Maduo; e – Qinghai: Zuimatan). f–j – H. (L.) lamicola Zaitzev, 1908 (f – lectotype, Qinghai: Djarin Nor; g–i – Qinghai: Zuimatan; j – paralectotype, Xizang: S of Arka-tagh, 5073 m a.s.l., lgt. S. Hedin). k–o – H. (L.) yangae sp. nov. (k – holotype, Qinghai: Zuimatan; l–m – paratypes, same locality; n – Qinghai: Golo, Yematan; o – Xizang: Gongbujiangda).

Fig. 5 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 5. Details of the head and pronotum of the Helophorus (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov. (a – Xizang: 90 km W of Amdo; b,d – Qinghai: Golo; c – Xizang: 25 km W of Amdo; e – India: Kar Tso (Orchymont coll.). Not to scale.

Fig. 2 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 2. Adult morphology of Helophorus (Lihelophorus). a–f – details of left half of pronotum (a,c,e) and base of left elytron (b, d, f): a–b – H. yangae sp. nov.; c–d – H. ser Zaitzev, 1908; e–f – H. lamicola Zaitzev, 1908; arrow in (a) shows remnants of pronotal granulations, arrows in (b, d, f) show scutellary stria. g–h – prothoracic hypomeron and 'suprapleural area' (g – H. yangae sp. nov.; h – H. ser). i – detail of posterior margin of abdominal ventrite 5 of H. ser, showing the irregular denticulation. j – ventral view of the thorax of H. ser. k – dorsolateral portion of left elytron of H. lamicola. Abbreviations: ep – epipleuron; li – last elytral interval. Not to scale.

Fig. 15 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 15. Thorax and abdomen of Lihelophorus and Helophorus s.str. a–d – metathoracic legs (a – H. (H.) liguricus Angus, 1970, frontal view; b–c – H. (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov. (b – frontal; c – posterior); d – H. (Lihelophorus) lamicola Zaitzev, 1908). e–f – thorax and first abdominal segments of H. (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov. (e – lateral view; f – dorsal view). g–h – abdominal segments (dorsal and ventral views): g – H. (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov.; h – H. (Lihelophorus) lamicola Zaitzev, 1908. i–j – abdominal segment 9 and urogomphi: i – H. (H.) liguricus Angus, 1970; j – H. (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov. Abbreviations: abd1 – abdominal segment 1; msth – mesothorax; mtth – metathorax; pth – prothorax; sp – spiracle.

Fig. 1 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 1. Adult morphology of Helophorus (Lihelophorus). a–b – H. yangae sp. nov. (a – ventral view of the head; b – detail of mentum and labial palps); c–d – maxillary galea and lacinia (c – H. yangae sp. nov.; d – H. ser Zaitzev, 1908); e–f – mandible (e – H. yangae sp. nov.; f – H. ser); g – labial palpus of H. ser; h–l – hind legs in dorsal view (h – H. yangae sp. nov.; i – H. ser; j – H. lamicola Zaitzev, 1908; k – detail of apex of tibia and base of tarsus of H. lamicola; l – detail of tarsomere 5 and claw of H. ser). Abbreviations: sh – swimming hairs. Not to scale.

Fig. 11 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 11. Head capsules of first instar larvae of Lihelophorus and Helophorus s.str. a–b – H. (Lihelophorus) lamicola Zaitzev, 1908 (a – ventral; b – dorsal). c–d – H. (H.) liguricus Angus, 1970 (c – ventral; d – dorsal).

Fig. 4 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 4. Details of the head and pronotum of the Helophorus (Lihelophorus) specimens. a–c – H. lamicola Zaitzev, 1908 (a – Qinghai: Zhaling Hu (lectotype); b–c – Qinghai: Golo). d–h – H. ser Zaitzev, 1908 (d – Qinghai: valley of Alag Hu lake (lectotype); e–f – Qinghai: Golo; g – Xizang, Nyainqentanglha Feng; h – Gansu: Xiahe env.). Not to scale.

Fig. 18. Meiosis metaphase II in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 18. Meiosis metaphase II from testes of Helophorus (Lihelophorus) species from Qinghai: Zuimatan. a–b – H. lamicola Zaitzev, 1908 (a – with y chromosome; b – with X chromosome). c – H. ser Zaitzev, 1908, with X chromosome. d–e – H. yangae sp. nov. (d – with y chromosome; e – with X chromosome).

Fig. 8 in Taxonomy, larval morphology and cytogenetics of Lihelophorus, the Tibetan endemic subgenus of Helophorus (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Fig. 8. Immature stages of Lihelophorus. a–d – head and prothorax of first instar larvae: a–b – H. (Lihelophorus) lamicola Zaitzev, 1908 (a – dorsal; b – ventral); c–d – H. (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov. (c – dorsal; d – ventral). e–f – egg cases: e – H. (Lihelophorus) lamicola Zaitzev, 1908; f – H. (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov.; g–j – abdomen with spiracles containing air bubbles: g–h – H. (Lihelophorus) lamicola Zaitzev, 1908 (g – tracheal gills and its tracheal system; h – detail of tracheal branching around abdominal spiracle); i–j – H. (Lihelophorus) yangae sp. nov. (i – detail of tracheal system around abdominal spiracles; j – tracheal system of abdomen). Abbreviations: sp – spiracle; trg – tracheal gill.