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16 results for “Herdmania”
Figure 3 in The genus Herdmania Lahille, 1888 (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in Australian waters
Figure 3. Herdmania mentula sp. nov. (A, E, WAM Z11756; B-D, WAM Z11771;F, WAM Z11761): A, body from left side showing muscles. B, dorsal tubercule; C, portion of dorsal lamina; D, gut and gonad; E, F, distal part of gut and gonads, showing gonoducal openings and membranes, and anal border. Scale bars: A, D = 5.0 mm; B, C, E, F = 1.0 mm.
Figure 1 in The genus Herdmania Lahille, 1888 (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in Australian waters
Figure 1. Herdmania fimbriae sp. nov. (A, C, D, I, SAM E2892; B, L, QM GH4405; E, K, QM GH 2299; F, G, J, SAM E2891; H, QM GH933). A, B, body wall from left side; C, dorsal tubercle; D, dorsal lamina; E–H, distal part of gonads showing gonoducal openings and membranes; I, gut loop and gonads; J–L, anal border. Scale bars: A, I = 5.0 mm; B = 2.0 mm; C–H, J–L = 1.0 mm.
Figure 4 in The genus Herdmania Lahille, 1888 (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in Australian waters
Figure 4. Herdmania momus (A, C, QM G10093; B, QM GH561; D, L, QM G308151; E-G, QM G9363; H, QM GH2554; I-K, QM GH771): A, body from left side showing muscles; B, portion of dorsal lamina; C, D, dorsal tubercles; E, gut loop and gonads; F-H, distal part of gonad showing oviducal hood and male openings surrounded by testis follicles; I, testis follicles with tips of vas deferens showing amongst them; J, clumps of testis follicles with vas deferens; K, L, anal borders. Scale bars: A, E = 5.0 mm; B-D, F = 1.0 mm; H, J = 0.5 mm; K, L = 2.0 mm.
Figure 2 in The genus Herdmania Lahille, 1888 (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in Australian waters
Figure 2. Herdmania grandis (A, C, D, F, QM GH377; B, E, QM GH2200; G, QM GH5759): A, body from left side showing muscles; B, dorsal tubercle showing early stage in development of convoluted slit; C, portion of dorsal lamina; D, gut loop; E, F, anus and gonoducal openings; G, anus. Scale bars: A, D = 5.0 mm; B, E-G = 1.0 mm; C = 0.5 mm.
Figure 5 in The genus Herdmania Lahille, 1888 (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in Australian waters
Figure 5. Herdmania inflata (A, USNM 6037): A, distal portion of right gonad. Herdmania pallida (B, E, QM G12803; C, QM 12792; D, AM Y1813): B, body from left side showing muscles; C, portion of dorsal lamina; D, E, gut loops and gonads. Scale bars: B, D, E = 5.0 mm; A, C = 1.0 mm.
FIG. 100. — Herdmania armata n in Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific
FIG. 100. — Herdmania armata n. sp.; A, specimen ventrally opened; B, oral tentacle; C, dorsal tubercle. Scale bars: A, 10 cm; B, C, 0.5 cm.
FIG. 102. — Herdmania insolita n in Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific
FIG. 102. — Herdmania insolita n. sp.; A, left side of the body; B, specimen ventrally opened; C, gonoducts. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 5 mm; C, 1 mm.
Data from: Tunicate mitogenomics and phylogenetics: peculiarities of the Herdmania momus mitochondrial genome and support for the new chordate phylogeny
BACKGROUND: Tunicates represent a key metazoan group as the sister-group of vertebrates within chordates. The six complete mitochondrial genomes available so far for tunicates have revealed distinctive features. Extensive gene rearrangements and particularly high evolutionary rates have been evidenced with regard to other chordates. This peculiar evolutionary dynamics has hampered the reconstruction of tunicate phylogenetic relationships within chordates based on mitogenomic data. RESULTS: In order to further understand the atypical evolutionary dynamics of the mitochondrial genome of tunicates, we determined the complete sequence of the solitary ascidian Herdmania momus. This genome from a stolidobranch ascidian presents the typical tunicate gene content with 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 24 tRNAs which are all encoded on the same strand. However, it also presents a novel gene arrangement, highlighting the extreme plasticity of gene order observed in tunicate mitochondrial genomes. Probabilistic phylogenetic inferences were conducted on the concatenation of the 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes from representatives of major metazoan phyla. We show that whereas standard homogeneous amino acid models support an artefactual sister position of tunicates relative to all other bilaterians, the CAT and CAT+BP site- and time-heterogeneous mixture models place tunicates as the sister-group of vertebrates within monophyletic chordates. Moreover, the reference phylogeny indicates that tunicate mitochondrial genomes have experienced a drastic acceleration in their evolutionary rate that equally affects protein-coding and ribosomal-RNA genes. CONCLUSION: This is the first mitogenomic study supporting the new chordate phylogeny revealed by recent phylogenomic analyses. It illustrates the beneficial effects of an increased taxon sampling coupled with the use of more realistic amino acid substitution models for the reconstruction of animal phylogeny.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Ascidiacea (Herdmania andamanensis sp. nov.) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
FIGURE 3. Herdmania andamanensis sp. nov.: a, muscle pattern; b, branchial tentacles; c, single tentacle; d & e, branchial sac; f, rows of stigmata with parastigmatic vessel.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Ascidiacea (Herdmania andamanensis sp. nov.) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
FIGURE 2. Herdmania andamanensis sp. nov.: a, Holotype specimen in-situ condition; b, paratype specimen in-situ condition; c–e, spicules; f, dorsal tubercle.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Ascidiacea (Herdmania andamanensis sp. nov.) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
FIGURE 4. Herdmania andamanensis sp. nov.: a, gonad and gut loop; b & c, hepatic papillae; d, opening of gonad and anal border; e & f, opening of gonad. (O = oviduct opening; S = sperm duct opening; OP = oviduct papillae; SP = sperm duct papillae).
Data from: Tunicate mitogenomics and phylogenetics: peculiarities of the Herdmania momus mitochondrial genome and support for the new chordate phylogeny
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FIGURE 1 in A new species of Ascidiacea (Herdmania andamanensis sp. nov.) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
FIGURE 1. Type localities of Herdmania andamanensis sp. nov. from Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
FIGURE 17. Herdmania pennata. A in Additional records of bathyal ascidians (Tunicata) from the New Caledonia region
FIGURE 17. Herdmania pennata. A, body in its tunic; B, body ventrally opened. Scale bars = 1cm.
FIGURE 4. Herdmania pallida. A in Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique 3. Stolidobranchia, Pyuridae and Molgulidae
FIGURE 4. Herdmania pallida. A, dissection, scale bar = 1cm; B, anus and gonoducts (stained).
FIGURE 16. Herdmania columna. A in New records of deep-sea ascidians (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) from the New Caledonia region
FIGURE 16. Herdmania columna. A, branchial sac; B, body; C, gut and gonads. Scale bars = 1cm.
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