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10 results for “Hetaerina”
Hetaerina SNPs data for: Genomic differentiation and niche divergence in the Hetaerina americana (Odonata) cryptic species complex
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst"><span>The evolution of reproductive barriers, that is, the speciation process, implies the limitation of gene flow between populations. Different patterns of genomic differentiation throughout the speciation continuum may provide insights into the causal evolutionary forces of species divergence. In this study, we analyzed a cryptic species complex of the genus <em>Hetaerina</em> (Odonata). This complex includes <em>H. americana</em> and <em>H. calverti</em>; however, in <em>H. americana</em>, two highly differentiated genetic groups have been previously detected, which, we hypothesize, may correspond to different species with low morphological variation. We obtained single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for 90 individuals belonging to the different taxa in the complex and carried out differentiation tests to identify genetic isolation. The results from STRUCTURE and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), based on almost 5,000 SNPs, confirmed the presence of three highly differentiated taxa. Also, we found <em>F</em><sub>ST </sub>values above 0.5 in pairwise comparisons, which indicates a considerable degree of genetic isolation among the suggested species. We also found </span><span>low climatic niche overlap among all taxa, suggesting that each group occurs at specific conditions of temperature, precipitation and elevation</span><span>. We propose that <em>H. americana</em> comprises two cryptic species, which may be reproductively isolated by ecological barriers related to niche divergence, since the morphological variation is minimal and, therefore, mechanical barriers are probably less effective compared to other related species such as <em>H. calverti</em>.</span></p>
Hetaerina SNPs data for: Genomic differentiation and niche divergence in the Hetaerina americana (Odonata) cryptic species complex
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FIGURE 4. Variation between H. calverti and H. americana females. Intersternite and S10 in Hetaerina calverti (Odonata: Zygoptera: Calopterygidae) sp. nov., a new cryptic species of the American Rubyspot complex
FIGURE 4. Variation between H. calverti and H. americana females. Intersternite and S10 of H. calverti (A) and H. americana (B). The illustrations are not at scale.
FIGURE 2 in Hetaerina calverti (Odonata: Zygoptera: Calopterygidae) sp. nov., a new cryptic species of the American Rubyspot complex
FIGURE 2. Paratype male of H. calverti (left) and young male of H. americana (right) from Apazapan, Veracruz, Mexico.
Data from: Seasonal polyphenism in wing coloration affects species recognition in rubyspot damselflies (Hetaerina spp.)
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Data from: Interspecific aggression, not interspecific mating, drives character displacement in the wing colouration of male rubyspot damselflies (Hetaerina)
Traits that mediate intraspecific social interactions may overlap in closely related sympatric species, resulting in costly between-species interactions. Such interactions have principally interested investigators studying the evolution of reproductive isolation via reproductive character displacement (RCD) or reinforcement, yet in addition to reproductive interference, interspecific trait overlap can lead to costly between-species aggression. Previous research on rubyspot damselflies (Hetaerina spp.) demonstrated that sympatric shifts in male wing colour patterns and competitor recognition reduce interspecific aggression, supporting the hypothesis that agonistic character displacement (ACD) drove trait shifts. However, a recent theoretical model shows that RCD overshadows ACD if the same male trait is used for both female mate recognition and male competitor recognition. To determine whether female mate recognition is based on male wing coloration in Hetaerina, we conducted a phenotype manipulation experiment. Compared to control males, male H. americana with wings manipulated to resemble a sympatric congener (H. titia) suffered no reduction in mating success. Thus, female mate recognition is not based on species differences in male wing coloration. Experimental males did, however, experience higher interspecific fighting rates and reduced survival compared to controls. These results greatly strengthen the case for ACD and highlight the mechanistic distinction between ACD and RCD.
Data from: Interspecific aggression, not interspecific mating, drives character displacement in the wing colouration of male rubyspot damselflies (Hetaerina)
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FIGURE 5 in Hetaerina calverti (Odonata: Zygoptera: Calopterygidae) sp. nov., a new cryptic species of the American Rubyspot complex
FIGURE 5. Distribution of the American Rubyspot Complex based on coordinates from the CNIN and GCEUMSNH collections.
FIGURE 1 in Hetaerina calverti (Odonata: Zygoptera: Calopterygidae) sp. nov., a new cryptic species of the American Rubyspot complex
FIGURE 1. Male (above) and female (bottom) of Hetaerina calverti sp. nov. The body coloration patterns are shown. In the male, the dark zones represent metallic red color and the clear zones represent whitish color. In female, the dark zones represent metallic green color and the clear zones represent whitish color. The illustrations are not at scale.
FIGURE 3. Variation between H. calverti and H in Hetaerina calverti (Odonata: Zygoptera: Calopterygidae) sp. nov., a new cryptic species of the American Rubyspot complex
FIGURE 3. Variation between H. calverti and H. americana males. Male cerci (dorsal and mediodorsal view) of H. calverti (A) and H. americana (B). The illustrations are not at scale.
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