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90 results for “Homalopsidae”
Fig. 3 in The Nomenclature And Systematics Of Some Australasian Homalopsid Snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae)
Fig. 3. The paratype of M. resetari, BMNH 1935.7.65.2. A: shows the enlarged occipital scales (O) and their relationship to the temporal (T). B: illustrates the single preocular scale. C: illustrates the three pairs of chin shields with the 3rd pair longer than wide. D: illustrates the edge of the ventral scales (V) and first 3 dorsal rows and the keels on the scales above dorsal row 3.
Fig. 1 in The Nomenclature And Systematics Of Some Australasian Homalopsid Snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae)
Fig. 1. The maximum likelihood tree of the Homalopsidae from Alfaro et al. (2008), modified to show that Australasia has been colonized by at least three lineages of homalopsid snakes (Australasian Icon Map): one colonization by the lineage that gave rise to the coastal Australian bockadam, Cerberus australis; one colonization by the coastal crab-eating snake, Fordonia leucobalia and; one colonization by the lineage that gave rise to both the coastal Myron species as well as the freshwater Enhydris polylepis (and probably C. annulata and Heurnia ventromaculata). The other lineages shown on the tree are South Asian or Southeast Asian.
Fig. 2 in The Nomenclature And Systematics Of Some Australasian Homalopsid Snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae)
Fig. 2. The holotype of Myron karnsi, SMF 19569. A and B: show the overall of head plates. C: illustrates the enlarged occipital scales (O) and their relationship to the temporal (T). D: has the three pair of chin shields numbered and the 3rd pair is as wide as long.
Phylogenomics of fresh and formalin specimens resolves the systematics of old world mud snakes (Serpentes: Homalopsidae) and expands biogeographic inference
<p>The known biodiversity of Asia and Australasia is continuously expanding with more focused studies on systematics of various groups and the respective biogeography. Historically, fluctuating sea-levels and cyclic connection and separation of now-disjunct landmasses have been invoked to explain the accumulation of biodiversity via species pump mechanisms. However, recent research has shown that geological shifts of the mainland and dispersal events may be better explanations of the biodiversity in these regions. We investigate these processes using the poorly-studied and geographically widespread Mud Snakes (Serpentes: Homalopsidae) using a target capture approach of ~4,800 nuclear loci from fresh tissues and supplemental mitochondrial data from formalin tissues from museum specimens. We use these datasets to reconstruct the first resolved phylogeny of the group, identify their biogeographic origins, and test hypotheses regarding the roles of sea-level change and habitat selection on their diversification. Divergence dating and ancestral range estimation yielded support for an Oligocene origin and diversification from mainland Southeast Asia and Sundaland in the rear-fanged group ~20 million years ago, followed by eastward and westward dispersal. GeoHiSSE models indicate that niche expansion of ancestral rear-fanged lineages into aquatic environments did not impact their diversification rates. Our results highlight that Pleistocene sea-level changes and habitat specificity did not primarily lead to the extant species richness of Homalopsidae, and that, alternatively, geological shifts in mainland Southeast Asia may be a major driver of diversity in this group. We also emphasize the importance of using fresh and degraded tissues, and both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, for filling in knowledge gaps in poorly known, but highly diverse and conceptually important groups, constituting a non-traditional model study system for understanding transitions between terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments.</p>
Fig. 3 in The first female specimen of the poorly known Arfak Stout-tailed Snake, Calamophis sharonbrooksae Murphy, 2012 (Serpentes: Colubroidea: Homalopsidae), from the Vogelkop Peninsula of Indonesian West New Guinea, with comments on the taxonomic history of primitive homalopsids
Fig. 3. Detailed views of the head and tail of the first known female Calamophis sharonbrooksae (NRM 17803), presented as both photographic and line-drawn illustrations for improved clarity. (A, A′) Dorsal view of the head, illustrating rostral (R), single internasal (IN), fused prefrontal-preocular (PF-PR), frontal (F), paired supraocular (SO), and parietals (P). (B, B′) Ventral view of the head, showing a single pair of chin shields (CS), seven infralabials (IL1-IL7), mental (M), and the first ventral scute (V1). (C, C′) Left lateral view of the head, additionally illustrating the undivided nasal (N), single postocular (PO), single anterior temporal (AT), two posterior temporals (PT), and six supralabials (SL1-SL6). (D, D′) Right lateral view of the head, illustrating differences in scalation compared to left side, three posterior temporals (PT), and small scale separating the postocular and anterior temporal (*). (E, E′) Ventral view of the tail, showing the final ventral (V158), divided cloacal plate (CP), first paired subcaudal (SC1), and rounded terminal scute (TS). Scale = 10 mm for Fig. 3A-D and 10 mm for Fig. 3E.
Linked collectors and determiners for: On the status of Helicops wettsteini Amaral, 1929, a senior synonym of Hypsiscopus murphyi (SERPENTES: Homalopsidae).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "On the status of Helicops wettsteini Amaral, 1929, a senior synonym of Hypsiscopus murphyi (SERPENTES: Homalopsidae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/76fe0980-887f-48e4-a5c7-88b0cee0224d">https://bionomia.net/dataset/76fe0980-887f-48e4-a5c7-88b0cee0224d</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/76fe0980-887f-48e4-a5c7-88b0cee0224d">https://gbif.org/dataset/76fe0980-887f-48e4-a5c7-88b0cee0224d</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Fig. 2. The two Gerarda prevostiana specimens collected 1 in Further specimens of the mud snake, Gerarda prevostiana (Homalopsidae) from Sri Lanka with insights from molecular phylogenetics
Fig. 2. The two Gerarda prevostiana specimens collected 1 km offshore from Vankale, Mannar, Sri Lanka. 2013.18.01.NH: A, C, E, G, I, K; 2013.19.01.NH: B, D, F, H, J, L. Scale bar is 3 mm. Dorsal (A, B), lateral (C, D) and ventral (E, F) aspect of the heads. Dorsal (G, H), lateral (I, J) and ventral (K, L) aspect of mid-body.
Fig. 3 in Further specimens of the mud snake, Gerarda prevostiana (Homalopsidae) from Sri Lanka with insights from molecular phylogenetics
Fig. 3. Bayesian majority-rule consensus tree based on Cytochrome b gene showing the phylogenetic relationships of Sri Lankan Gerarda prevostiana. The scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per site. Black circles indicate node support of Bayesian posterior probability>0.9 and ML bootstrap support>70. Outgroup Xenochrophis vittatus is not shown.
Fig. 1 in Further specimens of the mud snake, Gerarda prevostiana (Homalopsidae) from Sri Lanka with insights from molecular phylogenetics
Fig. 1. Collection locality of the two specimens of Gerarda prevostiana during the marine snake survey (denoted by filled square) and the approximate locations of all the previous confirmed records of G. prevostiana in Sri Lanka (denoted by filled circles). The white coloured region around the coastline depicts the 200 m undersea contour line.
Fig. 12 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 12. Locations of Cerberus schneiderii individuals with PIT tags: a, #680A445; b, #680A2C9; c, #680A377; and d, #680CAD9. Each position was based on the GPS coordinates recorded from each capture. Number denotes the month of capture (i.e., 1=Jan., 2=Feb., 3=Mar., etc.).
Fig. 11 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 11. Locations of Cerberus schneiderii individuals with PIT tags: a, #6899BFE; b, #6328212; c, #682D1CF; and d, #680C298. Each position was based on the GPS coordinates recorded from each capture. Number denotes the month of capture (i.e., 1=Jan., 2=Feb.,
Fig. 10 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 10. Cerberus schneiderii. Percentage frequency of displacement distance, which was calculated as the shortest distance between two locations that an individual was captured and recaptured.
Fig. 6 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 6. Cerberus schneiderii. Scatterplots and fitted regression lines of: a, body mass; b, tail length; and c, head width against snout-vent length (SVL) for males (O, solid line) and females (+, dashed line). Variables were log10-transformed.
Fig. 5 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 5. Percentage frequency distribution of snout-vent length (SVL) of Cerberus schneiderii for each month between Jan.–Oct.2006.
Fig. 9 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 9. Map showing the spatial distribution of Cerberus schneiderii in four brackish ponds ('A3-4', 'A6', 'C2-3' and 'C4-5') at Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve. Each position was based on the GPS coordinates recorded for each snake captured (n = 2258).
Fig. 3 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 3. Percentage frequency distribution of the number of times that tagged individuals of Cerberus schneiderii were recaptured.
Fig. 2 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 2. Physical conditions (rainfall, air temperature) in relation to relative abundance of Cerberus schneiderii at Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve between Jan.–Dec.2006: a, total rainfall and mean dry bulb temperature at the Changi Meteorological Station, Singapore; b, relative abundance of snakes represented by the relative number of individuals captured (i.e., # captures (# hours × # observers) –1) to standardise for sampling effort, which differed between months.
Fig. 1 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 1. Map of Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve showing the locations of the four brackish ponds (A3-4, A6, C2-3 and C4-5) where Cerberus schneiderii individuals were collected.
Fig. 7 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 7. Cerberus schneiderii.. Scatterplots and fitted regression lines of initial snout-vent length (SVL0) against 'SVL after one month' (SVL1) for males (O, solid line) and females (+, dashed line).
Fig. 8 in A Mark-Recapture Study Of A Dog-Faced Water Snake Cerberus Schneiderii (Colubridae: Homalopsidae) Population In Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, Singapore
Fig. 8. Cerberus schneiderii. Percentage frequency distribution of microhabitat types utilised by: a, all snakes (n = 2262); b, males (n = 1206); and c, females (n = 1056).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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