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45 results for “Hydraulic fracturing”
Data and Workflow to: Three-dimensional buoyant hydraulic fracture growth: constant release from a point source (Möri and Lecampion, (2022))
<p>This upload contains the relevant scripts, notebooks, and datasets to reproduce the numerically obtained results of the Journal article "Three-dimensional buoyant hydraulic fracture growth: constant release from a point source" by Möri and Lecampion, (2022).</p>
Periodic Hydraulic Testing Dataset for "Borehole-based fracture unclogging experiment: bridging the gap between laboratory- and field-scale evidence (FRANC)"
<p>This dataset is associated with the SNSF-SPARK project “Borehole-based fracture unclogging experiment: bridging the gap between laboratory- and field-scale evidence (FRANC)”. Please read the ReadMe file for more information.</p>
CT-Scan Image Dataset of Residual Fluid-Driven Fracture in a Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone Core - Post-Radial Hydraulic Fracture Experiment - M03 Sample
<h3><strong>Dataset Description</strong></h3> <p>This dataset contains high-resolution CT-scan images that capture the residual fracture surface within a core sample of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone. The core sample was extracted after conducting a radial hydraulic fracture experiment on a 25 × 25 × 25 cm cubic block of sandstone (M03 sample). The experiment was designed to simulate fluid-driven fracture propagation and closure, and the resulting fracture path was preserved in the core sample.</p> <p><strong>Core Location in the M03 Cube Sample:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Z:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>South-North:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>West-East:</strong> 11.5 cm to 1.36 cm (Coring direction)</li> </ul> <p>This spatial information specifies the exact location and orientation of the core extraction within the M03 cube sample.</p> <h4><strong>CT-scan instrument details:</strong></h4> <p>The M03 sample was analyzed using an X-ray micro-CT scanner (RX-Solutions Ultratom) under consistent scanning protocols and parameters. A reflective 230 kV microfocus X-ray source (Hamamatsu L10801) equipped with a 0.2 mm thick copper filter, a tungsten cathode, and a tungsten target was employed for the imaging process. The scans were conducted with a voltage of 120 kV and a current intensity of 80 mA.</p> <p>The volume data acquisition was performed in continuous helical mode, ensuring complete coverage of the sample’s height. For sample M03, 6 full rotations were executed, with 1312 projections captured for each 360° rotation, allowing for highly precise volume reconstruction. The X-ray beam attenuation was recorded by an XL Varex Paxscan 2530HE plane detector with a resolution of 2176 x 1792 pixels, and an exposure time of 0.50 seconds per projection.</p> <p>The acquired projections were processed using RX-Solutions X-act software with Filtered Backprojection to reconstruct a corrected volume. This reconstruction yielded approximately 9000 slices in 16-bit TIFF format, with voxel dimensions of 10 x 10 x 10 microns, providing detailed insights into the internal structure of the sample.</p> <h4><strong>Key Features:</strong></h4> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Fracture Characteristics</strong>: The fracture observed in the CT-scans represents a residual opening that remains post-fracturation. It is entirely contained within the core, showcasing the internal fracture geometry resulting from the hydraulic fracturing process.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>CT-Scan Details</strong>: The CT-scans were taken perpendicular to the fracture surface, offering a detailed cross-sectional view of the fracture at different depths. This orientation is critical for accurately capturing the fracture morphology and allows for the reconstruction of the fracture surface in 3D.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Material Information</strong>: The core sample is composed of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone, a sedimentary rock which is porous (18% porosity) and permeable. This material choice is relevant for studying fracture closure subjected to the leak-off of the fluid inside the porous medium.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Experimental Context</strong>: The radial hydraulic fracture experiment aimed to simulate the propagation of hydraulic fracture and its closure due to the leakage of fluid inside fracture into the porous medium. The dataset provides valuable insights into fracture propagation patterns, surface roughness, and the effects of fluid-driven fractures in porous media.</p> </li> </ul> <h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4> <p>This dataset is particularly valuable for researchers and engineers involved in:</p> <ul> <li>Fracture mechanics and surface characterization</li> <li>3D reconstruction and visualization of fracture surfaces</li> <li>Surface roughness analysis</li> <li>Hydraulic fracturing studies</li> <li>Geomechanical modeling</li> </ul> <h4><strong>File Structure:</strong></h4> <p>The dataset is organized into zip-folder contains .tif images corresponding to different depths within the core. Each tif-image is a CT-scan for that specific depth, labeled according to their position along the fracture path.</p> <h4><strong>Processing code:</strong></h4> <p>Follow the <strong>URL repository</strong> in the software section to access to the code for processing these images and reconstructing the fracture surfaces.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgment:</strong></p> <p>We would like to extend our deepest thanks to Gary Perrenoud, Albert Taureg, and Lionel Pittet, the technical specialists of the PIXE platform at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Their expertise and support in operating the CT-scan machine were important to the success of this research. We greatly appreciate their dedication and the high-quality work they provided.</p> <p><strong>Contact and Support:</strong></p> <p>Email:</p> <p>Brice Lecampion: brice.lecampion@epfl.ch</p> <p>Mohsen Talebkeikhah: m.talebkeikhah@gmail.com</p>
Dataset for manuscript: Rock anisotropy promotes hydraulic fracture containment at depth
<p>This is the experimental data used in manuscript: "Rock anisotropy promotes hydraulic fracture containment at depth".</p> <p>This data set has 5 folders: </p> <p>K1, T2, M3 and M4 contain the raw data collected by active acoustic monitoring system and various pumps and transducers. <br> The readings of the Top Industrie syringe pump (for fluid injection), pressure transducers at downstream, and GDS pumps that provide confining stresses along all three directions via flatjacks are provided by two excel spreadsheets - Low_frequency_measurements.csv and Pump_reading.csv.<br> For active acoustic data, there are four different files named by the starting time for each experiment. The .json file contains the basic information of each experiment. The .txt file contains the acquisition time for each active acoustic sequence. The .bin file contains the collected waveforms of all acoustic sequences.</p> <p>Processed_data includes the synchronized pressure data (Pressure_data.xlsx) and detailed acoustic emission results (AE_K1.csv, AE_T2.csv, AE_M3.csv, AE_M4.csv).<br> </p>
Seismicity catalog of hydraulic-fracturing-induced earthquakes in the Kiskatinaw area, northeast British Columbia
<p>Seismicity catalog of 8,731 hydraulic-fracturing-induced earthquakes in the Kiskatinaw area, northeast British Columbia between 1 July 2017 to 31 Dec 2020. The Study area covers the Kiskatinaw area, wich extends over parts of the Montney Formation, a major shale gas play within the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Catalog corresponds to:</p> <p>Roth, M. P., A. Verdecchia, R. M. Harrington, and Y. Liu (2020). High-Resolution Imaging of Hydraulic-Fracturing-Induced Earthquake Clusters in the Dawson-Septimus Area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada, Seismol. Res. Lett. 91, 2744–2756, doi: 10.1785/0220200086.</p>
Dataset related to the article "Laboratory-scale hydraulic fracturing dataset for benchmarking of Enhanced Geothermal System simulation tools"
<p>Experimental results from hydraulic fracturing experiments performed in granite and marble samples of size 30 cm × 30 cm × 45 cm under well-defined boundary conditions.</p> <p>Datasets include:</p> <ul> <li>pressure versus flow-rate response</li> <li>acoustic emission data from a dense network of 32 seismic sensors</li> <li>detailed description of the experimental set-up and adopted test protocol</li> <li>mechanical and petrophysical properties of the samples</li> <li>python code for seismic data processing</li> </ul> <p>This complete collection of data, obtained within the framework of European Union’s Horizon 2020 project GEMex, is rare in its kind and indispensable for verification of model assumptions and constitutive relationships of numerical codes used for designing field-scale hydraulic fracturing experiments.</p>
Source parameter of hydraulic-fracturing-induced earthquakes in the Kiskatinaw area, northeast British Columbia
<p>Source parameter of 2475 hydraulic-fracturing-induced earthquakes (1927 events using P-wave estimates and 1882 events using S-wave estimates) in the Kiskatinaw area, northeast British Columbia between 1 July 2017 to 31 July 2020. The Study area covers parts of the Montney Formation, a major shale gas play within the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Source parameters include seismic moment, moment magnitude, spectral corner frequency, and static stress drop values using three different approaches (single spectrum fitting, a clustered event approach, and spectral-ratio method). Detailed information about the methods are stated in the corresponding publication:</p> <p>Roth, M. P., K. B. Kemna, R. M. Harrington, and Y. Liu (2022). Source properties of hydraulic-fracturing-induced earthquakes in the Kiskatinaw area, British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022750">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022750</a></p>
Template matching catalog of the seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing operations at Preston New Road (UK) in 2019
<p>The file PNR2_TMcatalog.csv contains the catalog of seismicity induced by the hydraulic fracturing operations carried out at Preston New Road (UK) in 2019. The catalog was created with template matching using a single downhole sensor located in a monitoring well.</p> <p>Here is the description of the columns found in the file:</p> <ul> <li>ARRTIME: P-wave arrival times at the reference station.</li> <li>X, Y, Z: hypocentral coordinates (easting, northing and depth). Northing and easting are expressed in the United Kingdom Ordnance Survey coordinate system (EPSG:27700). Depth is expressed in meters below sea level.</li> <li>MW: moment magnitudes.</li> <li>CLUSTER: cluster ID. Earthquakes with the same cluster ID were detected by the same template.</li> </ul>
CT-Scan Image Dataset of Residual Fluid-Driven Fracture in a Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone Core - Post-Radial Hydraulic Fracture Experiment - M04 Sample
<h3><strong>Dataset Description</strong></h3> <p>This dataset contains high-resolution CT-scan images that capture the residual fracture surface within a core sample of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone. The core sample was extracted after conducting a radial hydraulic fracture experiment on a 25 × 25 × 25 cm cubic block of sandstone (M04 Smaple). The experiment was designed to simulate fluid-driven fracture propagation and closure, and the resulting fracture path was preserved in the core sample.</p> <p><strong>Core Location in the M04 Cube Sample:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Z:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>South-North:</strong> 12.5 cm</li> <li><strong>West-East:</strong> 13.5 cm to 23.3 cm (Coring direction)</li> </ul> <p>This spatial information specifies the exact location and orientation of the core extraction within the M04 cube sample.</p> <h4><strong>CT-scan instrument details:</strong></h4> <p>The M04 sample was analyzed using an X-ray micro-CT scanner (RX-Solutions Ultratom) under consistent scanning protocols and parameters. A reflective 230 kV microfocus X-ray source (Hamamatsu L10801) equipped with a 0.2 mm thick copper filter, a tungsten cathode, and a tungsten target was employed for the imaging process. The scans were conducted with a voltage of 120 kV and a current intensity of 80 mA.</p> <p>The volume data acquisition was performed in continuous helical mode, ensuring complete coverage of the sample’s height. For sample M04, 5 full rotations were executed, with 1312 projections captured for each 360° rotation, allowing for highly precise volume reconstruction. The X-ray beam attenuation was recorded by an XL Varex Paxscan 2530HE plane detector with a resolution of 2176 x 1792 pixels, and an exposure time of 0.50 seconds per projection.</p> <p>The acquired projections were processed using RX-Solutions X-act software with Filtered Backprojection to reconstruct a corrected volume. This reconstruction yielded approximately 9000 slices in 16-bit TIFF format, with voxel dimensions of 10 x 10 x 10 microns, providing detailed insights into the internal structure of the sample.</p> <h4><strong>Key Features:</strong></h4> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Fracture Characteristics</strong>: The fracture observed in the CT-scans represents a residual opening that remains post-fracturation. It is entirely contained within the core, showcasing the internal fracture geometry resulting from the hydraulic fracturing process.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>CT-Scan Details</strong>: The CT-scans were taken perpendicular to the fracture surface, offering a detailed cross-sectional view of the fracture at different depths. This orientation is critical for accurately capturing the fracture morphology and allows for the reconstruction of the fracture surface in 3D.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Material Information</strong>: The core sample is composed of Molasse de Villarlod Sandstone, a sedimentary rock which is porous (18% porosity) and permeable. This material choice is relevant for studying fracture closure subjected to the leak-off of the fluid inside the porous medium.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Experimental Context</strong>: The radial hydraulic fracture experiment aimed to simulate the propagation of hydraulic fracture and its closure due to the leakage of fluid inside fracture into the porous medium. The dataset provides valuable insights into fracture propagation patterns, surface roughness, and the effects of fluid-driven fractures in porous media.</p> </li> </ul> <h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4> <p>This dataset is particularly valuable for researchers and engineers involved in:</p> <ul> <li>Fracture mechanics and surface characterization</li> <li>3D reconstruction and visualization of fracture surfaces</li> <li>Surface roughness analysis</li> <li>Hydraulic fracturing studies</li> <li>Geomechanical modeling</li> </ul> <h4><strong>File Structure:</strong></h4> <p>The dataset is organized into zip-folder contains .tif images corresponding to different depths within the core. Each tif-image is a CT-scan for that specific depth, labeled according to their position along the fracture path.</p> <h4><strong>Processing code:</strong></h4> <p>Follow the <strong>URL repository</strong> in the software section to access to the code for processing these images and reconstructing the fracture surfaces.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgment:</strong></p> <p>We would like to extend our deepest thanks to Gary Perrenoud, Albert Taureg, and Lionel Pittet, the technical specialists of the PIXE platform at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Their expertise and support in operating the CT-scan machine were important to the success of this research. We greatly appreciate their dedication and the high-quality work they provided.</p> <p><strong>Contact and Support:</strong></p> <p>Email:</p> <p>Brice Lecampion: brice.lecampion@epfl.ch</p> <p>Mohsen Talebkeikhah: m.talebkeikhah@gmail.com</p>
The Characteristics and Its Implications of Hydraulic Fracturing in Hydrate-Bearing Clayey Silt
<p>Datasets of the figures in the manuscript 'The Characteristics and Its Implications of Hydraulic Fracturing in Hydrate-Bearing Clayey Silt' to Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering.</p>
Data from: Brittle sedimentary strata focus a multimodal depth distribution of seismicity during hydraulic fracturing in the Sichuan basin, southwest China
<p>The number of background earthquakes (<em>M<sub>L</sub></em> ≥ 0) in the southern Sichuan basin, southwest China, has increased thirtyfold as a result of hydraulic fracturing. Background events are originally deep (4-6 <em>km</em>) within the sedimentary section but build into a multimodal distribution both at depth and in the shallow stimulated reservoir (2-4 <em>km</em>) - representing a counterpoint to the usual triggering of seismicity on deep sub-reservoir basement faults. Surprisingly, the largest events (<em>M<sub>L</sub></em> ≥ 3) evolve in the deep sedimentary strata (4-6 <em>km</em>) that are hydraulically isolated from the injection zone (2-4 <em>km</em>) by low permeability layers. We evaluate the friction-stability rheology of the strata within the full stratigraphic section to define the feasibility of nucleation within these shallow and deep strata. These show velocity-neutral to velocity-weakening behavior in the shallow reservoir transitioning to more strongly velocity-weakening with increase in both depth and temperature. Poroelastic stress calculations confirms that stress transfer, rather than transmitted fluid pressures, are capable of directly reactivating critically-stressed faults at depth, with fluid pressures the triggering source within the shallow reservoir.</p>
Integrated Analysis of Seismic Sources and Structures: Understanding Earthquake Clustering during Hydraulic Fracturing
<p>The uploaded files include the 3D velocity model, 2D seismic reflection profiles, and horizontal slice utilized in this study.</p>
WYC seismic phases for "Lighting up an 1-km fault near a hydraulic fracturing well using machine-learning based picker"
<p>In this study, we applied a state-of-the-art package on newly collected nodal-array data around a hydraulic-fracturing well. The array consists of up to 85 nodes with an average station spacing of less than a kilometer. Within the hydraulic-fracturing stimulation weeks, we detected ~3000 seismic events with magnitude down to ~-2. </p> <p>The seismic phases to associate the events are included in Zenodo_share.zip. The final catalog and station locations (in relative scale) are included in the excel spreadsheet.</p>
Delineating the Controlling Factors of Hydraulic Fracturing-Induced Seismicity in the Northern Montney Play, Northeastern British Columbia, Canada, with Machine Learning
<p>Earthquake catalog for northern Montney Play from 2014-2021.</p>
Dataset files for 'Tan et al., Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Seismicity in the Changning Shale Gas Field: Evidence From 3-D Seismic Velocity Structure and Pore Pressure Field Models'
<p>These files are the data and result files for the manuscript entitled<strong> 'Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Seismicity in the Changning Shale Gas Field: Evidence From 3-D Seismic Velocity Structure and Pore Pressure Field Models'</strong> by Tan et al., including</p> <p>catalog.dat : the seismic phase catalog used in seismic tomography</p> <p>station.dat : the station coordinates of the local seismic network</p> <p>relocation.dat : the earthquake relocations obtained by double-difference seismic tomography</p> <p>1-D Vs.xlsx : the 1-D Vs model in the shale gas field</p> <p>3-D Vp.dat: the 3-D Vp model obtained by DD seismic tomography</p> <p>3-D Vs.dat: the 3-D Vs model obtained by DD seismic tomography</p> <p>3-D VpVs.sgy: the 3-D Vp/Vs model obtained by DD seismic tomography (3-5 km)</p> <p>3-D pressure.sgy: the 3-D pore pressure field model obtained by focal mechanism tomography (3-5 km)</p>
Dataset files for 'Tan et al., Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Seismicity in the Changning Shale Gas Field: Evidence From 3-D Seismic Velocity Structure and Pore Pressure Field Models'
<p>These files are the data and result files for the manuscript entitled<strong> 'Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Seismicity in the Changning Shale Gas Field: Evidence From 3-D Seismic Velocity Structure and Pore Pressure Field Models'</strong> by Tan et al., including</p> <p><strong>station.dat</strong> : the station coordinates of the local seismic network (including the station ID, longitude, latitude, elevation(negative)/depth(positive), X, Y)</p> <p><strong>catalog.dat</strong> : the seismic phase catalog used in double-difference (DD) seismic tomography</p> <p><strong>relocation.dat </strong>: the earthquake relocations obtained by DD tomography</p> <p><strong>1-D Vs.xlsx</strong> : the 1-D Vs model in the shale gas field</p> <p><strong>3-D Vp.dat</strong>: the 3-D Vp model obtained by DD tomography</p> <p><strong>3-D Vs.dat</strong>: the 3-D Vs model obtained by DD tomography</p> <p><strong>3-D VpVs.sgy</strong>: the 3-D Vp/Vs model (interpolated, within 3-5 km)</p> <p><strong>3-D pressure.sgy</strong>: the 3-D pore pressure field model (interpolated, within 3-5 km)</p>
Data files for 'Tan et al., (2023). Tomographic evidences for hydraulic fracturing induced seismicity in the Changning shale gas field, southern Sichuan Basin, China'
<p>station.dat : the station coordinates of the local seismic network (including the station ID, longitude, latitude, elevation(negative)/depth(positive), X, Y)</p> <p>catalog.dat : the seismic phase catalog used in double-difference (DD) seismic tomography</p> <p>relocation.dat : the earthquake relocations obtained by DD tomography</p> <p>1-D Vp&Vs.xlsx : the 1-D Vp and Vs models of the shale gas field</p> <p>3-D Vp.dat: the 3-D Vp model obtained by DD tomography</p> <p>3-D Vs.dat: the 3-D Vs model obtained by DD tomography</p> <p>3-D VpVs.dat: the 3-D Vp/Vs model obtained by DD tomography</p> <p>FMS&pore pressure.xlsx: the focal mechanism solutions and excessive fluid pressures of the selected earthquakes</p> <p>waveforms.rar: the waveforms of the earthquakes recorded by our local sparse array</p>
Semi-empirical error ellipsoid clustering for identifying the second-order structural features from a laboratory AE source location cloud—method, validation, and application to a hydraulic fracturing test [DATA]
<p>Data and metadata for the publication "Semi-empirical error ellipsoid clustering for identifying the second-order structural features from a laboratory AE source location cloud—method, validation, and application to a hydraulic fracturing test", published in Earth and Space Science.</p>
Dataset for manuscript "Laboratory investigation of hydraulic fracture growth in Zimbabwe gabbro"
<p>Dataset for manuscript: "Laboratory investigation of hydraulic fracture growth in Zimbabwe gabbro" -- dataset of GABB-003, GABB-005 and GABB-006 experiments</p>
Codes, Catalogues and Data for "Deep Learning Phase Pickers: How Well Can Existing Models Detect Hydraulic-Fracturing Induced Seismicity from a Downhole Array"
<p><strong>Codes, Catalogues and Data available for:</strong> <br>"Deep Learning Phase Pickers: How Well Can Existing Models Detect Hydraulic-Fracturing Induced Seismicity from a Downhole Array"</p> <p><strong>Catalog</strong> folder: Contains the CMM (beam-forming based) event catalogue as well as event and station information for the PNR-1z site.</p> <p><strong>Classification Test</strong> folder: Jupyter notebooks that run the classification tests and mseed input data of isolated phases (P, S, Noise).</p> <p><strong>DL_model_catalogues</strong> folder: Contains full catalogues for each DL phase picker (GPD, U-GPD, EQT and PhaseNet) and the LinMEF-filtered catalogues.</p> <p><strong>Model_run_docs</strong> folder: Util/core files for PhaseNet and EQTransformer to read data with different sampling frequencies (i.e., not 100 Hz)</p> <p><strong>Data</strong> folder: Contains one hour of continuous downhole data (11th December 2018, 9am-10am) from the PNR-1z dataset.</p>
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