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49 results for “Hypoxia tolerance”
Fig. 1 in Temperature affects the hypoxia tolerance of neotropical Cichlid Geophagus brasiliensis
Fig. 1. Malate Dehydrogenase enzyme activity of Geophagus brasiliensis exposed to normoxic (90% oxygen saturation) and hypoxia (20% oxygen saturation) conditions for 8 hours at 20°C, 24°C and 28°C. a. in liver; b. in white muscle; and c. in heart. Asterisks indicates significant differences between treatments at the same temperature, p <0.05. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences for the same treatment at the temperatures studied, p <0.05.
Fig. 3 in Temperature affects the hypoxia tolerance of neotropical Cichlid Geophagus brasiliensis
Fig. 3. Citrate Synthase enzyme activity of Geophagus brasiliensis exposed to normoxic (90% oxygen saturation) and hypoxic (20% oxygen saturation) conditions for 8 hours at 20°C, 24°C and 28°C. a. in liver; b. in white muscle; and c. in heart. Asterisks indicates significant differences between treatments at the same temperature, p <0.05. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences for the same treatment at the temperatures studied, p <0.05.
Dataset: Osmoregulation and hypoxia tolerance in the cenote isopod Creaseriella anops: Insights into its distribution in Karst Subterranean Estuaries
<p>This data set contains the information supporting the research article "Osmoregulation and hypoxia tolerance in the cenote isopod Creaseriella anops: Insights into its distribution in Karst Subterranean Estuaries" </p> <p>It contains Respirometry, indicators of cellular damage and Antioxidant system, critical temperatures, and Temperature induced metabolic rates of the isopod Creaseriella anops, and endemic species of the Karst Subterranean Estuaries from the Yucatan Peninsula Mexico.</p>
Fig. 4 in Effects of the interannual variations in the flood pulse mediated by hypoxia tolerance: the case of the fish assemblages in the upper Paraná River floodplain
Fig. 4. Ordination of the samples of the upper Paraná River floodplain, through the detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), in years of short (diamond: 2000 white, 2001 gray) and moderate floods (square: 2002 gray, 2003 black). Numbers 1-6 are codes of the sampling stations (see Fig. 1).
Fig. 5 in Effects of the interannual variations in the flood pulse mediated by hypoxia tolerance: the case of the fish assemblages in the upper Paraná River floodplain
Fig. 5. Fish assemblage attributes in the main habitats of the upper Paraná River floodplain in years of short (2000 and 2001) and moderate (2002 and 2003) floods. The black area of the bars represents the proportion of STH. Numbers 1-6 on the abscissa are codes of the sampling stations (see Fig. 1).
Fig. 2 in Effects of the interannual variations in the flood pulse mediated by hypoxia tolerance: the case of the fish assemblages in the upper Paraná River floodplain
Fig. 2. Monthly (a) and daily level (b, between January and March) of the upper Paraná River recorded in Porto São José municipality. In b (right axis), the number of days between January and March, when the upper Paraná River surpassed the threshold of 350 cm (horizontal braked line). The years 2000 and 2001 were considered as years of short floods and 2002 and 2003 as years of moderate floods. Source: National Department of Waters and Electric Energy.
Fig. 6 in Effects of the interannual variations in the flood pulse mediated by hypoxia tolerance: the case of the fish assemblages in the upper Paraná River floodplain
Fig. 6. Relationships between each assemblage attribute and dissolved oxygen, in years of short (white) and moderate floods (black). Attributes where either calculated for the entire fish assemblage (STH+SIH) (a-c) and for the subsets of STH (d-f) and SIH (g-i). Numbers 1-6 are codes of the sampling stations (see Fig. 1).
Dataset for Remarkable Hypoxia Tolerance in Two Demersal Fish Species in the Gulf of California
<p>R code and the required datafile are included in this contribution. Running the R code will allow interested readers to recreate Figure 2 and look at additional environmental parameters for the species' habitat. This supplements the manuscript Gallo, N.D., Levin, L.A., Beckwith, M., and Barry J.P. Home sweet suboxic home: Remarkable hypoxia tolerance in two demersal fish species in the Gulf of California. Ecology. </p>
Statistical methods and data for: Absence of heterosis for hypoxia tolerance in F1 hybrids of Tigriopus californicus
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Data from: Divergent transcriptional patterns are related to differences in hypoxia tolerance between the intertidal and the subtidal sculpins
Transcriptionally mediated phenotypic plasticity as a mechanism of modifying traits in response to an environmental challenge remains an important area of study. We compared the transcriptional responses to low-oxygen (hypoxia) of the hypoxia tolerant intertidal fish, the tidepool sculpin (Oligocottus maculosus) with the closely related hypoxia intolerant subtidal fish, the silverspotted sculpin (Blepsias cirrhosus) to determine if these species use different mechanisms to cope with hypoxia. Individuals from each species were exposed to environmental O2 tensions chosen to yield a similar level of tissue hypoxia and gene transcription was assessed in the liver over time. There was an effect of time in hypoxia, where the greatest transcriptional change in the silverspotted sculpin occurred between 3 to 24 hours in contrast to the tidepool sculpin where the largest transcriptional change occurred between 24 and 72 hours of hypoxia. A number of genes showed similar hypoxia-induced transcription patterns in both species (e.g. genes associated with glycolysis and apoptosis) suggesting they are involved in a conserved hypoxia response. A large set of genes showed divergent transcriptional patterns in the two species, including fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting that these biological processes may contribute to explaining variation in hypoxia tolerance in these species. When both species were exposed to a single environmental O2 tension, large transcriptional responses were seen in the hypoxia intolerant silverspotted sculpin while almost no response was observed in the hypoxia tolerant tidepool sculpin. Overall, divergent transcription patterns in response to both magnitude and duration of hypoxia provide insights into the processes that may determine an animal's capacity to tolerate frequent bouts of hypoxia in the wild.
Taurine depletion impairs cardiac function and affects tolerance to hypoxia and high temperatures in brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis)
<p>Physiological and environmental stressors can cause osmotic stress in fish hearts, leading to a reduction in intracellular taurine concentration. Taurine is a beta amino acid known to regulate cardiac function in other animal models but its role in fish has not been fully elucidated. We generated a model of cardiac taurine-deficiency (TD) by feeding brook char (<em>Salvelinus</em> <em>fontinalis</em>) a diet enriched in β-alanine, which inhibits cardiomyocyte taurine uptake. Cardiac taurine levels were reduced by 21%, and stress-induced changes in normal taurine handling were observed in TD brook char. Responses to exhaustive exercise and acute thermal and hypoxia tolerance were then assessed using a combination of in vivo, in vitro, and biochemical approaches. Critical thermal maximum was higher in TD brook char despite significant reductions in maximum heart rate. In vivo, TD brook char exhibited a lower resting heart rate, blunted hypoxic bradycardia, and a severe reduction in time to loss of equilibrium under hypoxia. In vitro function was similar between control and TD hearts under oxygenated conditions, but stroke volume and cardiac output were severely compromised in TD hearts under anoxia. Aspects of mitochondrial structure and function were also impacted in TD permeabilized cardiomyocytes, but overall effects were modest. High levels of intracellular taurine are required to achieve maximum cardiac function in brook char and cardiac taurine efflux may be necessary to support heart function under stress. Taurine appears to play a vital, previously unrecognized role in supporting cardiovascular function and stress tolerance in fish.</p>
Mitochondrial responses to long-term and cyclic hypoxia depend on the oxidized fuel in a hypoxia-tolerant marine bivalve Crassostrea gigas
<p>These are the metadata for a publication "Mitochondrial responses to long-term and cyclic hypoxia depend on the oxidized fuel in a hypoxia-tolerant marine bivalve <em>Crassostrea gigas"</em> under consideration for publication in the Scientific reports. Sessile benthic organisms like oysters inhabits intertidal zone transitioning between aquatic and terrestrial condition during tidal movements exposing the organisms to alternating hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) episodes thereby altering the respiratory chain activities and metabolome compositions. Our study investigated the effects of constant long-term H/R stress (90 min at ~0% O<sub>2, </sub>and 10 min reoxygenation) and constant cyclic H/R stress (5 cycles of 15 min at ~0% O<sub>2, </sub>and 10 min reoxygenation) on isolated mitochondria from the gill and the digestive gland of <em>C. gigas</em> respiring on different substrates (pyruvate, palmitate, and succinate). Both gill and the digestive gland mitochondria exposed to constant long-term H/R suppressed OXPHOS respiration especially during Complex I oxidation with no change in ROS efflux but an increase FEL. In the gill mitochondria oxidizing Complex I substrates, exposure to constant cyclic H/R prompted a significant drop after the first H/R cycle. In contrast, succinate-driven respiration only showed significant decline after the fifth H/R cycle. ROS efflux and FEL however saw little to no change after constant cyclic H/R. This observation from our study further suggests succinate as a potential stress fuel under H/R stress and might assist in post-hypoxic recovery of oysters mitigating oxidative stress and supporting rapid ATP re-synthesis during oxygen fluctuations such as commonly observed in intertidal zones. Additionally, our study revealed that constant long-term hypoxia is more damaging than constant cyclic hypoxia. </p>
Data from: Divergent transcriptional patterns are related to differences in hypoxia tolerance between the intertidal and the subtidal sculpins
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Impact of short- and long-term exposure to elevated seawater pCO2 on metabolic rate and hypoxia tolerance in Octopus rubescens
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Taurine depletion impairs cardiac function and affects tolerance to hypoxia and high temperatures in brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis)
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Development of a novel system of screening for hypoxia tolerance in barley
<p>Dataset containing the growth of barley under hypoxic conditions, controls, controls using rye, RNA yields and gene expression</p>
Hypoxia inducible factor-1α knockout does not impair acute thermal tolerance or heat hardening in zebrafish
The rapid increase in critical thermal maximum (CTmax) in fish (or other animals), previously exposed to critically high temperature is termed 'heat hardening', which likely represents a key strategy to cope with increasingly extreme environments. The physiological mechanisms that determine acute thermal tolerance, and the underlying pathways facilitating heat hardening, remain debated. It has been posited, however, that exposure to high temperature is associated with tissue hypoxia and may be associated with increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (Hif-1). We studied acute thermal tolerance in zebrafish lacking functional Hif-1α paralogs (Hif-1aa and Hif-1ab double knockout; Hif-1α-/-), which are known to exhibit markedly reduced hypoxia tolerance. We hypothesised that Hif-1α-/- zebrafish would suffer reduced acute thermal tolerance relative to wild-types and that the heat hardening ability would be lost. On the contrary, we observed that Hif-1α-/- and wild-type fish did not differ in CTmax, and both genotypes exhibited heat hardening of a similar degree when CTmax was re-tested 48 h later. Despite exhibiting impaired hypoxia tolerance (based on loss of equilibrium experiments), Hif-1α-/- zebrafish display unaltered thermal tolerance, suggesting that these traits are not necessarily functionally associated. Hif-1α is accordingly not required for short-term acclimation in the form of heat hardening.
Data from: Individual variation in whole-animal hypoxia tolerance is associated with cardiac hypoxia tolerance in a marine teleost
Hypoxia is a pervasive problem in coastal environments and is predicted to have enduring impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Intraspecific variation in hypoxia tolerance is well documented in fish; however, the factors underlying this variation remain unknown. Here, we investigate the role of the heart in individual hypoxia tolerance of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). We found individual whole-animal hypoxia tolerance is a stable trait in sea bass for more than 18 months (duration of study). We next examined in vitro cardiac performance and found myocardial muscle from hypoxia-tolerant individuals generated greater force, with higher rates of contraction and relaxation, than hypoxic-sensitive individuals during hypoxic exposure. Thus, whole-animal hypoxia tolerance is associated with cardiac hypoxia tolerance. As the occurrence of aquatic hypoxia is expected to increase in marine ecosystems, our experimental data suggest that cardiac performance may influence fish survival and distribution.
Data from: The costs of a big brain: extreme encephalization results in higher energetic demand and reduced hypoxia tolerance in weakly electric African fishes
A large brain can offer several cognitive advantages. However, brain tissue has an especially high metabolic rate. Thus, evolving an enlarged brain requires either a decrease in other energetic requirements, or an increase in overall energy consumption. Previous studies have found conflicting evidence for these hypotheses, leaving the metabolic costs and constraints in the evolution of increased encephalization unclear. Mormyrid electric fishes have extreme encephalization comparable to that of primates. Here, we show that brain size varies widely among mormyrid species, and that there is little evidence for a trade-off with organ size, but instead a correlation between brain size and resting oxygen consumption rate. Additionally, we show that increased brain size correlates with decreased hypoxia tolerance. Our data thus provide a non-mammalian example of extreme encephalization that is accommodated by an increase in overall energy consumption. Previous studies have found energetic trade-offs with variation in brain size in taxa that have not experienced extreme encephalization comparable with that of primates and mormyrids. Therefore, we suggest that energetic trade-offs can only explain the evolution of moderate increases in brain size, and that the energetic requirements of extreme encephalization may necessitate increased overall energy investment.
Data from: Hypoxia tolerance is unrelated to swimming metabolism of wild, juvenile striped bass (Morone saxatilis)
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