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424 results for “In-situ”
In-situ grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction data of the crystallization process of organic-inorganic methylammonium lead bromide perovskite (MAPbBr3) via employing an isopropanol antisolvent. Raw Data
<p>The dataset contains 400 diffraction images from a 40 second in-situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering measurement of the crystallization process of organic-inorganic methylammonium lead bromide perovskite (MAPbBr3) on a glass substrate. The crystallization is initiated via employing an isopropanol antisolvent during the spin-coating of the perovskite precursor solution. 40 µL of MAPbBr3 solution (4:1 DMF/DMSO solvent mixture) was applied on plasma-cleaned glass substrate in a chamber with kapton windows. The two-phase spin-coating regime included 10 seconds at 1000 rpm followed by 30 seconds at 2000 rpm, 200 µL of antisolvent was dispensed at t = 30 s.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>The data was acquired at the P08 Beamline at PETRA III (DESY Hamburg). Acquisition parameters:</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li> <p>X-ray wavelength: 0.6888 nm</p> </li> <li> <p>Sample detector distance: 809 mm</p> </li> <li> <p>Incidence angle: 0.5 deg.</p> </li> <li> <p>Detector model: XRD 1621 CN3 EHS</p> </li> <li> <p>Acquisition rate : 10 frames per second (10 Hz)</p> </li> <li> <p>Direct beam position (pixels): 545, 222</p> </li> </ul>
Hubbard Brook Nitrogen Oligotrophication (HBNO): In-situ Nitrogen Mineralization and Nitrification, 2021-2023
The goal of this project is to test the overarching hypothesis that positive feedback mechanisms involving changes in seasonal cycles that diminish N availability to plants such that plant N demand is not met by soil N availability in northern forests. Specifically, we hypothesize that increasing N demand by plants (induced by increasing temperatures, longer growing seasons, and other environmental changes) leads to greater N resorption by trees in autumn, increased C:N in litter, and greater net immobilization of N by soil microbes in the following spring. However, the timing of snowmelt and soil freezing in spring may further affect net mineralization and N availability for plants. These hypotheses are being tested with a combination of observational, experimental, and modeling approaches at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire: 1) measurements at 14 previously established sites along an elevation/aspect climate gradient; 2) litter and snow manipulation experiments at six sites along the climate gradient to create variation in soil climate conditions and microbial N immobilization during spring. We leveraged 14 sites previously established along an elevation and aspect-driven climate gradient at Hubbard Brook as a “natural climate experiment" to test our hypothesis that a positive feedback between N cycling during fall senescence and spring contributes to declining N availability in northern forests. This elevation gradient encompasses variation in mean annual air temperature of ~2.5 °C that is similar to the change projected to occur with climate change over the next 50–100 years in the northeastern U.S. There is relatively little variation in soils along the gradient. We are utilizing three sites at higher elevation (~550-660 m, north facing) and three sites at lower elevation (~375-500 m, south facing) for the litter and snow manipulation experiments to maximize the differences in temperature among the 14 sites. Litterbox manipulation: The objecti
Structure matters – Direct in-situ observation of cluster nucleation at atomic scale in a liquid phase (supplementary data)
<p>This a dataset of scanning transmission electron microscopy data showing Pt clusters nucleating in an ionic liquid. For each of the 4 movies there is the raw data (uncompressed .tif and compressed as .avi) and denoised versions (uncompressed .tif and compressed as .avi).</p> <p>This data is for the article "Structure matters – Direct in-situ observation of cluster nucleation at atomic scale in a liquid phase" published in ChemNanoMat (2020), by Trond R. Henninen, Debora Keller and Rolf Erni. (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cnma.202000503)</p> <p><strong>Movie 1:</strong> Homogeneous nucleations of two clusters in a suspended thin film of ionic liquid. </p> <p><strong>Movie 2: </strong>Heterogeneous nucleation of a ca 8-9 atom cluster near the edge of a nanodroplet supported on a carbon film.</p> <p><strong>Movie 3: </strong>Heterogeneous nucleation of multiple clusters in a nanodroplet. Shortly after nucleation, they coalesce to form disordered nanoclusters.</p> <p><strong>Movie 4:</strong> Heterogeneous nucleation and dissolution cycles of spherical particles in a nanodroplet.</p>
Rating curves based on satellite altimetry and in-situ discharge data
<h1>Context: </h1> <p>The ESA river discharge Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project is a precursor study. It aims to derive long term climate data records (at least over 20-years) of river discharge for some selected river basins (and some locations in the river network) using satellite remote sensing observations (altimetry and multispectral images) and ancillary data. It aims to provide a proof-of-concept for the feasibility for a potential River Discharge ECV product to meet the requirements for the <a href="https://gcos.wmo.int/en/essential-climate-variables/rivers/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Global Climate Observing System</a>. This project covers precursor activities towards the production of data products that address the GCOS-defined requirements for the River Discharge ECV.</p> <h1>Data description :</h1> <p>Just as in-situ stage measurements can be used to gauge river discharge, altimetry-derived water surface elevation (WSE) can serve as an alternative means of estimating river discharge when discharge time series data is available. Several methodologies have been documented for deriving discharge time series from multimission altimetry observations and supplementary data (Biancamaria et al., 2024). At least two approaches will be used, depending on the available in situ discharge and altimetry water surface elevation (WSE) time series:</p> <p>⋅ <strong><em>Method 1</em>: </strong>The preferred approach relies on the altimetry water surface elevation time series and in situ discharge time series to create a rating curve (RC) characterized by a power relationship between these two variables following a Bayesian approach (Rantz et al., 1982). However, this method necessitates a significant overlap period between discharge data and radar altimetry measurements (e.g., Biancamaria et al., 2011; Papa et al., 2012), or it requires the assumption that the rating curve remains valid and consistent when discharge data is only available prior to the altimetry observation period.</p> <p>⋅ <em><strong>Method 2:</strong></em> The final option, in cases where there is no temporal overlap between in-situ or simulated discharge and water surface elevation data, assumes that the validity and stability of the rating curve persist across the various time periods covered by the two datasets. Both of these time periods should be sufficiently long to encompass a wide range of events. With this assumption, Tourian et al. (2013, 2017) introduced a method for calculating the rating curve, not based on the time series of discharge and water surface elevation, but on the distribution of their quantiles. This method has been adopted by a limited number of recent studies (e.g., Belloni et al., 2021). However, it’s important to note that this methodology naturally introduces higher errors when compared to the preferred approach. For this reason, this methodology will be validated over some stations with various hydrological dynamics and satisfying previous methods (overlap period exists between WSE and Q).</p> <h1>Approaches to derive Rating Curve (RC) :</h1> <h2>Bayesian Approach :</h2> <p>The Bayesian method is a robust statistical approach used for constructing a rating curve, frequently applied in the field of hydrology when the goal is to estimate unknown parameters from observed data, while taking into consideration the associated uncertainty in these estimates. </p> <p>According to this, the estimation of the rating curve using the Bayesian method involves several steps:</p> <ul> <li>The initial step entails defining a probabilistic model that describes the relationship between observed data and the parameters we aim to estimate. In many hydrological applications, the relationship between discharge data (Q) and water surface elevation data (WSE) is often expressed as a power function:</li> </ul> <p><em> Q = a⋅(WSE-z</em><em>0</em><em>)</em><sup><em>b</em></sup></p> <p>Here, <em>a, z0</em> and <em>b</em> are the parameters of the rating curve. <em>a,</em> is a scaling coefficient governing the magnitude of the Q-WSE relationship, <em>b,</em> characterizes the nature of this relationship, and <em>z0</em>, represents the height of the free surface above the reference point, corresponding to the river bottom's altitude. The power relationship is especially pertinent due to its consistency with numerous hydrodynamic phenomena. The exponent b within the equation allows for the representation of distinctive flow characteristics, including factors like roughness and channel geometry. Moreover, it offers adaptability in modelling to accommodate variations in flow characteristics, whether they are turbulent or laminar. This relationship, despite its mathematical simplicity, facilitates the fine-tuning of model adjustments in accordance with observed data (Chow, 1959).</p> <ul> <li>The second step involves the use of prior normal distributions, reflecting our prior knowledge about these parameters. These distributions can either be informative or uninformative, depending on our level of knowledge. The limits and ranges for a, z0 and b can vary depending on the specific context of the study, the dataset used, and the characteristics of the river or channel being analysed.</li> </ul> <p><u>- Coefficient “a”</u>: adjustment parameter for the rating curve representing the scaling factor for discharge. Its value can significantly fluctuate based on various factors such as the characteristics of the river or channel, hydraulic conditions, and other influencing factors. Consequently, "a" must be non-negative and constrained within a sensible range specific to the system under study. Following the Manning equation, “a” must be equal to W/n*S<sup>1/2</sup> (Chow et al., 1988) where W is the river’s width (m), n the Manning’s roughness coefficient and S the slope (m/m). Given the considerable variability in river width and slope across different stations, a feasible range for this coefficient can be considered as:</p> <p> a ∈ [0; 3000]</p> <p><u>- Coefficient “b”</u>: adjustment parameter representing the exponent of the rating curve and indicating the hydraulic condition of the study site. Like "a," this value must comply with physical constraints and cannot be negative. Following the Manning equation, “b” must be equal to 5/3 for reference hydraulic condition (Rantz et al., 1982). To accommodate the variability in system characteristics across sites, the following range values can be considered for this coefficient:</p> <p> b ∈ [0; 5]</p> <p><u>- Coefficient “z0”</u>: offset or the elevation at which discharge begins. It should be within the range of elevations relevant to your study. For this <em>reason, the value</em> cannot exceed the minimum value of water surface elevation (WSE) and the range value need to consider of the variability in term of water depth over the sites. A feasible range for this coefficient can be considered as:</p> <p> z0 ∈ [min(WSE)-30; min(WSE)]</p> <ul> <li>The final step involves parameter estimation. The posterior distribution of the parameters yields probabilistic estimates of the rating curve parameters in the form of mean values (optimal values) and credibility intervals (95th percentiles). This accounts for the uncertainty associated with these parameters and is achieved through Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling from the posterior distribution. Two commonly employed MCMC algorithms are "NUTS" (No-U-Turn Sampler) and "Metropolis-Hastings." The Metropolis-Hasting sampler "MH" algorithm, which is relatively simple and efficient where a balance between exploration and exploitation is desired. This algorithm can be adapted to sample from discrete state spaces.</li> </ul> <h2>Quantile approach : </h2> <p>The Quantile approach employs statistical modelling using quantile functions to create a rating curve, eliminating the necessity for overlapping measurements. This algorithmic method enables the estimation of river discharge using satellite altimetry, even in instances where there are no in situ measurements within the altimeter's timeframe. This approach has undergone application and validation in diverse river basins spanning different climatic zones, such as the Amazon, Brahmaputra, Danube, Niger, and Ob (Tourian et al., 2013).</p> <p>Assuming a stationary flow behaviour and no modification in the river bathymetry both at the altimetry virtual station and at the in-situ gage, this approach ensures the utilization of historical in situ data in current applications. This method computes the quantile functions of the altimetry water surface elevation on one hand and of the discharge time series on the other hand. Then a scatter plot of these in-situ discharge quantiles versus altimetry water surface elevation quantiles is computed to establish the rating curve using the bayesian approach described previously.</p> <h1>File description :</h1> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td><strong>Column name</strong></td> <td><strong>Description</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>basin-station</td> <td>Basin name in capital letters and Station name in capital letters separated by "_" and where spaces have been replaced by "-".</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lon</td> <td>Longitude in decimal degrees [-180,180] with 4 decimals - corresponding to the insitu discharge station.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lat</td> <td>Latitude in decimal degrees [-90,90] with 4 decimals – corresponding to the insitu discharge station.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>a</td> <td>Adjustment parameter for the rating curve representing the scaling factor for discharge. Number with 3 decimals.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>b</td> <td>Adjustment parameter representing the exponent of the RC and indicating the hydraulic condition of the study site. Number with 3 decimals.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>z0</td> <td>Offset of the elevation at which discharge begins. Number with 3 decimals.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>a_sd</td> <td>Standard deviation of the coefficient "a". Number with 3 decimals.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>b_sd</td> <td>Standard deviation of the coefficient "b". Number with 3 decimals.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>z0_sd</td> <td>Standard deviation of the coefficient "z0". Number with 3 decimals.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>period</td> <td>Period used to compute the rating curve under the format %Y-%m-%d where the start and the end dates are separated by ":"</td> </tr> <tr> <td>nb</td> <td>Number of overlap dates to compute the rating curve.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Methodology</td> <td>Methodology used to compute the rating curve. The first part describes the approach used to compute the RC and the second part, separated by “_”, describes the algorithm used. To avoid any issue for the reader the spaces have been replaced by “-”. At the end 2 approaches has been used: “Overlap-approach” or “Quantile-approach” and 2 algorithms: “Bayesian-algorithm” or “Multiple-algorithms” designed for Arctic rivers experiencing frozen periods. </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Source</td> <td>In-situ data sources to compute the rating curve. If multiple sources has been used, the sources are separate by "/"</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>---------</p> <p><em>THE DATASET IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR </em><em>IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,</em><br><em>FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE </em><em>AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER </em><em>LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, </em><em>OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE DATASET OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE </em><em>DATASET.</em></p>
diFUME In-situ meteorological dataset
<p>Description</p> <p>Air temperature and vapor pressure are measured on a micrometeorological tower located near the centre of Basel (BKLI). Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) is then calculated based on saturated vapor pressure estimation. Direct and diffuse incoming radiation are measured with a 2-axis sun tracker (INTRA, BRUSAG) at the roof-level in an unobscured location next to the micrometeorological tower. Measured shortwave radiant flux densities (W m-2) are converted to photon flux densities (μmol m-2 s-1) within PAR (i.e. photosynthetic active radiation, solar shortwave radiation between 400 – 700 nm) using a standard conversion factor. Soil temperature (oC) and volumetric water content (m3 m-3) are continuously measured at three different locations of the study area at 10 cm below surface. The locations have different characteristics, BKLI is at a street canyon, BKFP is at a non-irrigated park location and BSMP is at an irrigated park location. Soil temperature is also continuously measured at a station outside the city center (BLER) and soil volumetric water content is estimated from lysimeter measurements from another station outside the city centre (BIN).</p> <p>Data format: comma separated values (csv)</p> <p>Time step: 60 min (aggregated)</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Station acronym</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Geographic location</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Variables</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Units</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Sensor type - model</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Sensor height (m a.g.l.)</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>BKLI</p> </td> <td> <p>47.56173 °N, 7.58049 °E</p> </td> <td> <p>Air temperature (Tair)</p> </td> <td> <p>Degrees Celsius</p> </td> <td> <p>Thermo-HYGrometer (Thygan)</p> </td> <td> <p>38</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Vapor pressure (WVP)</p> </td> <td> <p>kPa</p> </td> <td> <p>Thermo-HYGrometer (Thygan)</p> </td> <td> <p>38</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Saturation vapor pressure (es)</p> </td> <td> <p>kPa</p> </td> <td> <p>Estimated by Thygan measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>38</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Vapor pressure deficit (VPD)</p> </td> <td> <p>kPa</p> </td> <td> <p>Estimated by Thygan measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>38</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Direct radiation</p> </td> <td> <p>W / m2</p> </td> <td> <p>Pyrheliometer (CHP1, Kipp & Zonen)</p> </td> <td> <p>21</p> <p> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Diffuse radiation</p> </td> <td> <p>W / m2</p> </td> <td> <p>Pyranometer (CM21, Kipp & Zonen)</p> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>21</p> <p> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>PAR direct</p> </td> <td> <p>μmol / m2 / s</p> </td> <td> <p>Estimated by Pyrheliometer measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>21</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>PAR diffuse</p> </td> <td> <p>μmol / m2 / s</p> </td> <td> <p>Estimated by Pyranometer measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>21</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>PAR global</p> </td> <td> <p>μmol / m2 / s</p> </td> <td> <p>Estimated by Pyrheliometer and Pyranometer measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>21</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Soil temperature (Tsoil)</p> </td> <td> <p>Degrees Celsius</p> </td> <td> <p>Thermistor (CS655, Campbell Scientific Inc.)</p> </td> <td> <p>-0.1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Soil moisture (theta)</p> </td> <td> <p>m3/m3</p> </td> <td> <p>Water content reflectometer (CS655, Campbell Scientific Inc.)</p> </td> <td> <p>-0.1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>BKFP</p> </td> <td> <p>47.56595 °N, </p> <p>7.56921 °E</p> </td> <td> <p>Soil temperature (Tsoil)</p> </td> <td> <p>Degrees Celsius</p> </td> <td> <p>Thermistor (CS655, Campbell Scientific Inc.)</p> </td> <td> <p>-0.1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Soil moisture (theta)</p> </td> <td> <p>m3/m3</p> </td> <td> <p>Water content reflectometer (CS655, Campbell Scientific Inc.)</p> </td> <td> <p>-0.1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>BSMP</p> </td> <td> <p>47.5529 °N, </p> <p>7.57456 °E</p> </td> <td> <p>Soil temperature (Tsoil)</p> </td> <td> <p>Degrees Celsius</p> </td> <td> <p>Thermistor (CS655, Campbell Scientific Inc.)</p> </td> <td> <p>-0.1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td> <p>Soil moisture (theta)</p> </td> <td> <p>m3/m3</p> </td> <td> <p>Water content reflectometer (CS655, Campbell Scientific Inc.)</p> </td> <td> <p>-0.1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>BLER</p> </td> <td> <p>47.5923 °N, 7.6493 °E</p> </td> <td> <p>Soil temperature (Tsoil)</p> </td> <td> <p>Degrees Celsius</p> </td> <td> <p>Thermistor</p> </td> <td> <p>-0.1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>BIN</p> </td> <td> <p>47.5411 °N, 7.5835 °E</p> </td> <td> <p>Soil moisture (theta)</p> </td> <td> <p>m3/m3</p> </td> <td> <p>Estimated by weighable lysimeter measurements</p> </td> <td> <p>-2</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Predicting aboveground and belowground processes in diverse forest ecosystems using remote sensing and in-situ measurements
The Forest and Biodiversity (FAB2) experiment uses native tree species in varying levels of species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity planted in 100 m2 and 400 m2 plots at 1 m spacing, appropriate for testing long-term ecosystem consequences. FAB2 was designed and established in conjunction with a prior experiment (FAB1) in which the same set of twelve species was planted in 16 m2 plots at 0.5 m spacing. This data package examines the connections between aboveground and belowground processes in FAB2. This data package includes information on tree diversity and community composition, forest structure, forest understories, soil microbes, net nitrogen mineralization, and canopy nitrogen. A wide variety of data types are included, such as data from hyperspectral and LiDAR remote sensing, percent cover analysis, soil microbial analyses, and soil assays including C:N, pH, and net nitrogen mineralization. This data package is included in the submission of the manuscript entitled “Predicting aboveground and belowground processes in diverse forest ecosystems using remote sensing and in-situ measurements.”
Underwater Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) from in-situ Lake Primary Production Experiments in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica (1995-2024, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, PAR is measured at one depth during primary production experiments in Dry Valley Lakes. This data set quantifies instantaneous underwater PAR at 10-meter depths in Lakes Bonney and Hoare, and at 7-meter depth in Lake Fryxell (depths vary after 2008, check data file for actual depth). Ambient PAR was also measured at the air-ice interface from each of these lakes.
Lemming Mesocosm (Denmark): in-situ fluorescence chlorophyll-a calibration, underlying data
<p>These data files include 2 years (2018-2020) of high-frequency in-situ chlorophyll-a and phycocyanin fluorescence sensor (Turner Designs, Cyclops 7F) data, together with data from various tests conducted with these sensors. Morever, in-vitro chlorophyll-a data for 2018-2020 period is also included.</p> <p>These data are collected in Lemming mesocosm site, Denmark, where there are 24 tanks with 2 nutrient and 3 temperature treatments (2x3 factorial design). There is data from 24 in-situ chlorophyll-a and 12 in-situ phycocyanin fluorescence sensors.</p> <p>In this Dataset folder, there are:</p> <ul> <li>one <strong>Metadata </strong>(*.xlsx)<strong> </strong>file with 3 sheets; <ul> <li>"<em>Descriptive</em>": comprises information on location, authors, study period and the main instrument used, </li> <li>"<em>Structural</em>": includes detailed information on each dataset.</li> <li>"<em>Relational</em>": includes a figure showing the relations between the datasets</li> </ul> </li> <li>thirteen files (*.csv) in LemCP_DataORE that were used to; <ul> <li>conduct in-situ fluorescence sensor tests (i.e. blank variation, linearity check, DOC effect check), </li> <li>calibrate 24 in-situ fluorescence chlorophyll-a sensors</li> <li>plot various figures</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Lemming Mesocosm (Denmark): in-situ fluorescence chlorophyll-a calibration, extended data
<p>These files include a scheme showing the sensor and tank (mesocosm) system, plots from high frequency in-situ chlorophyll-a and phycocyanin fluorescence data and in-vitro chlorophyll-a data collected in Lemming mesocosm site, Denmark, where there are 24 tanks with 2 nutrient and 3 temperature treatments (2x3 factorial design). These plots are based on 24 in-situ chlorophyll-a and 12 in-situ phycocyanin fluorescence sensors from 24 tanks/mesocosms. There is also a table showing the steps for cleaning the high-frequency data.</p>
In-situ neutron diffraction during reversible deuterium loading in Ti-rich and Mn-substituted Ti(Fe,Mn)0.90 alloys - Dataset related to publication
<p>Data type: resume of Rietveld refinement outputs and original refinements</p> <p>Date format: .zip, .opj; .xlsm, .dat, .pcr (Software FullProf package outputs), .inp (Software Topas package outputs)</p> <p>Origin of the data: neutron diffraction patterns from ILL and ISIS, and manual Sievert measurements (PCI curves from home-made Sieverts’ type apparatus from CNRS, ICMPE, Thiais, France)</p> <p>Software needed to plot the data: folders need to be unzipped, Origin, FullProf package and Topas package.</p>
Data: Homochiral metal-organic frameworks coated double-plasmon active optical fiber for in-situ enantioselective detection
<p>This dataset is focused on utilization of optical fiber with double-plasmon activity (ensured by a spatially separated gold and silver nanocoating of the fiber core) and subsequent surface grafting by HMOFs for enantioselective capture of organic enantiomers.</p>
A Dataset for In-situ synchrotron tomography experiments to investigate anisotropic damage of line pipe steel
<p>In this study, anisotropic ductility and associated damage mechanisms of a grade X100 line pipe steel were investigated using in-situ synchrotron-radiation computed tomography (SRCT) of notched round bars. Line pipe materials have anisotropic mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, ductility and toughness. Specimens were tested for loading along both rolling (L) and transverse (T) directions. The <em>in-situ</em> data collected allowed quantifying both specimen deformation (evolution of the cross section) and microscopic damage parameters such as porosity, void shape and void orientation. The data sets provide here are related to the paper <em>"On the origin of the anisotropic damage of X100 line pipe steel, Part I: in-situ synchrotron tomography experiments"</em> being published in <a href="https://www.springer.com/journal/40192">Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation</a>. For each testing direction, dataset are provided using hdf5 and xdmf standarded exchange format. A compressed file is also provided in connection with the analyses explained in the article.</p>
Manual in-situ measurements of snow depth and snow water equivalent at the Polish Polar Station Hornsund - winter seasons 2021/2022and 2022/2023
<p>The dataset presents manual measurements of snow depth and snow water equivalent collected at the Polish Polar Station Hornsund in Svalbard during the winter seasons of 2021/2022 and 2022/2023.</p> <p>Snow depth measurements have been conducted at the same location by the Station's overwintering personnel since August 1982. Snow depth is calculated from a mean of three snow stakes to avoid the effects of the drifting snow. Measurements are taken manualy, on a daily basis. </p> <p>Snow water equivalent measurements have also been carried out at the same points by the Station's overwintering crew since October 1982. These measurements are performed every five days using a VS-43 snow tube. However, measurements are not taken when the snow depth is less than 5 cm.</p>
First In-Situ Measurements of Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances at 420 km Altitude by the Scintillation Observations and Response of The Ionosphere to Electrodynamics (SORTIE) CubeSat
<p>Companion dataset to the paper entitled "First In-Situ Measurements of Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances at 420 km Altitude by the Scintillation Observations and Response of The Ionosphere to Electrodynamics (SORTIE) CubeSat". The dataset includes the SORTIE CubeSat IVM Level 2 ion density and GPS TEC data used in the study along with the WRF simulation results.</p>
Dataset of five years of in-situ and satellite derived chlorophyll a concentrations and its spatiotemporal variability in the Rotorua Lakes, New Zealand
<p><strong>rotorua_chl_fields_2015-2020.nc</strong> is a time series of 283 <em>Chl</em> fields of 13 of the lakes derived from Sentinel-2 MSI images with a regionalised parametrization of the C2RCC algorithm at 60 m pixel resolution. It also includes C2RCC and Idepix masks as well as a shoreline-and-shallow-water-buffer for flexible quality flagging.</p> <p><strong>rotorua_chl_spatial_variability.tif</strong> is a GeoTIFF that illustrates the representativeness of each grid cell for the <em>Chl</em> distribution in each lake and thus indicates recurring spatial patterns. The file contains three bands. Each band shows the relative frequency (in %) which <em>Chl</em> concentration was found near the median, or upper or lower quartile, respectively. The intervals around the median and quartiles are 5% to either side.</p> <p><strong>rotorua_insitu_chl_2015-2019.csv</strong> contains 831 in situ <em>Chl</em> measurements from 12 of the lakes collected between 2015 and 2019. The majority of these measurements (802) have been taken as part of the monthly Bay of Plenty lake water quality monitoring programme, in which 11 lakes are monitored. The data set also contains samples from field work under the <em>Eye on Lakes</em> project (University of Waikato) obtained by one of the authors (MKL). These 29 samples also include two measurements at Lake Rotokakahi, which is not part of the monthly monitoring program.</p> <p><strong>shoreline_shallow_water_buffer.zip</strong> contains a shapefile with polygons of the valid water pixels of all lakes to remove areas contaminated by bottom reflectance in remote sensing products. Each lake has a 120 m shoreline buffer to avoid mixed land-water pixels to reduce adjacency effects. It further excludes lake areas shallower than the 95%-quantile of all Secchi depth measurements of the Bay of Plenty lake water quality monitoring programme.</p>
Data-Mining of In-Situ TEM Experiments: Towards Understanding Nanoscale Fracture
<p>Datasets for the publication in the "Computational Materials Science". This is essentially a snapshot of the gitlab repository https://gitlab.com/computational-materials-science/public/publication-data-and-code/2022-data-mining-of-in-situ-tem-experiments that might contain additional updates and scripts. A version of the manuscript can also be found at https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.11355</p>
NH-SWE: Northern Hemisphere Snow Water Equivalent dataset based on in-situ snow depth time series and the regionalisation of the ΔSNOW model
<p>Time series of daily Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) and Snow Density over the Northern Hemisphere, based on in-situ station observations of snow depth converted to SWE using the ΔSNOW model (Winkler et al., 2021) and regionalised parameters. </p> <p>An extensive description of the dataset and the method to generate it can be found in the data descriptor manuscript published in the journal Earth System Science Data: <a href="https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2023-31/">https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/15/2577/2023/essd-15-2577-2023</a> </p> <p><strong>Dataset:</strong> A total of 11,0071 time series of modelled SWE and estimated snow density at the point scale, spanning 1950-2022, at daily resolution.<em> "NH-SWE_dataset_MAP.png"</em> shows a Northern Hemisphere map with the location of all stations in the NH-SWE dataset and their elevation in meters. </p> <p><strong>Files: </strong>The dataset is provided in two different formats:</p> <ol> <li>Individual <em>.csv</em> files for each station in the NH-SWE dataset at <em>"NH_SWE_dataset_vector_files.zip"</em></li> <li>Full-dataset <em>.csv </em>matrices with dates as rows and NH-SWE stations as columns at <em>"NH_SWE_dataset_matrix_files.zip"</em></li> </ol> <p><strong>Metadata:<em> </em></strong><em>"NH_SWE_METADATA.csv"</em> Includes information on NH-SWE stations location (ID, country, station name, coordinates, elevation), data source, length of time series, model parameters and the climate variables used to estimate them, and average snow climatology such as average maximum snow depth, average peak SWE and average maximum snow cover duration. More details and units in the <em>"README_fileformats.txt"</em> file. </p> <p><strong>ΔSNOW model parameter regionalisation: </strong>The code to obtain the ΔSNOW model parameters based on climate variables for all the stations in the NH-SWE dataset is shared in<em><strong> </strong>"DeltaSNOW_parameter_regionalisation.zip"</em>. The method is extensively described in the data descriptor manuscript by Fontrodona-Bach et al., (2023) submitted to Earth System Science Data. More details in the <em>"README_regionalisation.txt"</em> file. </p> <p><strong>Data use: </strong>Free, provided adequate citation of both the data descriptor manuscript and the zenodo record. See <em>"README_datausage.txt"</em></p> <p><strong>Version history:</strong><br>v1: Initial upload. The ΔSNOW model regionalisation was missing.<br>v2: Manuscript submission version. Updated dataset and includes the ΔSNOW model regionalisation code.</p> <p><strong>Reported errors:</strong><br>The dataset accidentally contains one station from the Southern Hemisphere (NH-SWE ID 500001), located in Antarctica (Country code AY). <br>The longitude of a few stations exceeds +180 decimal degrees. To obtain the correct value within the [-180,180] decimal degree longitude bounds, the value exceeding +180 needs to be added to -180 degrees (e.g. +181.0 degrees is actually -179.0 degrees).<br>Swedish stations have two different country codes, SE for the ECA&D stations, and SW for the GHCNd stations. <br>Japan country code is "JA" in the metadata, although the official country code should be JP. </p>
Datasets supplementing journal article "Probing dynamic covalent chemistry in a 2D boroxine framework by in-situ near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy" in Nanoscale 2022
<p>Datasets supporting the Nanoscale journal article "Probing dynamic covalent chemistry in a 2D boroxine framework by in-situ near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy".</p> <p>NAP-XPS.zip: Near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Figures 2, 3. (NEP 101007417)</p> <p>STM.zip: Scanning tunneling microscopy, Figure 5a, inset. (NEP 101007417)</p> <p>TPD.zip: Temperature programmed desorption, Figure 1a.</p> <p>UHV-XPS.zip: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Figure 1b,c.</p> <p>This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101007417, having benefited from the access provided by by ALBA in Barcelona (Spain) and CNR-IOM in Trieste (Italy) within the framework of the NFFA-Europe Pilot Transnational Access Activity, proposal ID075.</p>
X-ray tomographic datasets associated with the article "Pore space of in-situ semi-dense asphalt: A characterization by X-ray tomography" (DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139091)
<p>This Zenodo repository provides two sets of 3D images, which constitute part of the dataset base for the article titled "Pore space of in-situ semi-dense asphalt: A characterization by X-ray tomography", written by the same authors cited here, together with other co-authors. The article is published in the journal "Construction and Building Materials". It can be reached <em>via</em> the following URL: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139091" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139091</a>.</p> <p>The core specimens were obtained in 2019 from semi-dense asphalt (SDA) pavement sections located in the Swiss Canton of Zürich. For each of three pavement sections, labelled in the following as SDA4-1yr, SD4-5yr and SDA8, 100 mm diameter cores were extracted, both inside (I) and outside (O) of the wheel path, in order to see the effect of the traffic load on the pore space characteristics. Out of the original cores for the SDA4 pavements, 5 30 mm diameter sub-cores were drilled out of their centers, both in- and out-of the wheel path, and investigated with X-ray tomography. Only 1 30 mm core was analyzed for SDA8, both in- and out- of the wheel path. The asphalt in that pavement type has lower porosity, making it less interesting from the sound absorption viewpoint.</p> <p>The whole dataset consists of .7z archive files. Such files have the following designations: SDA_J_K_L_Tomogram.7z or SDA_J_K_L_PoreSpaceBinTomogram.7z, where J = 1,2, K = I,O and L = 1,2,3,4,5. When referring to the specimen naming within the corresponding article, the first index, J, refers to the specimen "age": J = 1 indicates the 1-year old specimens (called SDA4-1yr within the article); J = 2 refers to the 5-year old ones (SDA4-5yr). The second index, K, refers to the location of the specimen within the pavement section course ("I" for in-wheel path and "O" for out-of-wheel path). The final index L just enumerates the distinct specimens of the same group.</p> <p>There are two additional groups of archive files: LNA_I_Tomogram.7z/LNA_I_PoreSpaceBinTomogram.7z refers to the single in-wheel-path, 7-year old specimen (called SDA8 within the article); LNA_O_Tomogram.7z/LNA_O_PoreSpaceBinTomogram.7z refers to the single out-of-wheel path, 7-year old specimen.</p> <p>The two sets/types of 3D images can be recognized by the different file naming.</p> <p>The first set includes the raw X-ray tomograms of the 22 specimens analyzed. Each tomogram is stored in the form of a "stack" (or series) of 16-bit unsigned integer 2D TIFF image file, being one 2D cross-section (also called "slice", in tomographic jargon) from the "tomographed" volume. Such slices are contained in a folder. The folder was then archived in a .7z archive file.</p> <p>The second set of 3D images is characterized by the filename pattern SDA_J_K_L_PoreSpaceBinTomogram.7z. Each zipped folder contains the slices of the binary tomogram of the whole pore space of the respective specimen, segmented according with the 3d image analysis workflow described within the article. Each slice of such tomogram was stored as a 8-bit unsigned integer 2D TIFF image file, whose pixels can have only two possible values: 255, if the pixel is inside the segmented pore space; 0 if the pixel is outside it.</p> <p>Almost all of the acquired tomograms have an isotropic voxel size of 0.0214 mm, meaning that each slice is separated in space from the next one by such distance. The samples SDA_2_O_1 and SDA_2_I_1 have a voxel size of 0.0220 mm, while the sample LNA_I has a voxel size of 0.0223 mm.</p>
Extensive crowdsourced dataset of in-situ evaluated binaural soundscapes of private dwellings containing subjective sound-related and situational ratings along with person factors to study time-varying influences on sound perception — research data
<p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The soundscape approach highlights the role of situational factors in sound evaluations; however, only a few studies have applied a multi‐domain approach including sound‐related, person‐related, and time‐varying situational variables. Therefore, we conducted a study based on the Experience Sampling Method to measure the relative contribution of a broad range of potentially relevant acoustic and non‐auditory variables in predicting indoor soundscape evaluations. Here we present the comprehensive dataset for which 105 participants reported temporally (rather) stable trait variables such as noise sensitivity, trait affect, and quality of life. They rated 6.594 situations regarding the soundscape standard dimensions, perceived loudness, and the saliency of its sound components and evaluated situational variables such as state affect, perceived control, activity, and location. To complement these subject‐centered data, we additionally crowdsourced object‐centered data by having participants make binaural measurements of each indoor soundscape at their homes using a low‐(self‐)noise recorder. These recordings were used to compute (psycho‐)acoustical indices such as the energetically averaged loudness level, the A‐weighted energetically averaged equivalent continuous sound pressure level, and the A‐weighted five‐percent exceedance level. This complex hierarchical data can be used to investigate time‐varying non‐auditory influences on sound perception and to develop soundscape indicators based on the binaural recordings to predict soundscape evaluations.</p> <p><strong>Content:</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/01%20StudyDescription.pdf">01 StudyDescription.pdf </a> <ul> <li>Description of the field study.</li> <li>Information about the methods and materials used.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/02%20Dataset.csv">02 Dataset.csv</a> <ul> <li>The dataset, consisting of 93 variables describing 6594 observations taken by 105 participants.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/03%20VariableDescriptions_EnglishPersonQuestionnaire.pdf">03 VariableDescriptions_EnglishPersonQuestionnaire.pdf</a> <ul> <li>Descriptions of all variables, their measurement scale, scale ranges and levels.</li> <li>Questions and task descriptions of the Experience Sampling Method questionnaire in German language with an English translation.</li> <li>English translations of questions asked in the person questionnaire.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/04%20ESM-Questionnaire.pdf">04 ESM-Questionnaire.pdf</a> <ul> <li>Screenshots of the original Experience Sampling Method questionnaire with English translations.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/05%20PersonQuestionnaire_OriginalGermanVersion.pdf">05 PersonQuestionnaire_OriginalGermanVersion.pdf</a> <ul> <li>Original version of the person questionnaire in German language.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/06%20HelpTexts.pdf">06 HelpTexts.pdf</a> <ul> <li>Descriptions of the study task.</li> <li>Explanations of the scales used in the questionnaire.</li> <li>Explanations of the sound categories and the soundscape composition.</li> <li>Explanation of the operation of the recording device.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/AcousticFeatures_README.md">AcousticFeatures_README.md</a> <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/3d784540-c0f4-412f-8742-df1db6f5401d/TimeSeries_and_Spectrograms_README.md?versionId=9291496c-d2c6-4151-96f1-a2ad99e1a540"> </a> <ul> <li>Descriptions of the structure of the AcousticFeatures_xxx.csv and .zip files.</li> <li>Analyis settings used in Artemis Suite to generate the acoustic features.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/AcousticFeatures_SingleValues.csv">AcousticFeatures_SingleValues.csv</a> <ul> <li>All acoustic features, aggregated to single values per feature, recording, and channel.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/AcousticFeatures_Spectra.csv">AcousticFeatures_Spectra.csv</a> <ul> <li>Time-averaged 1/3 octave spectra of each channel of each recording, A-weichted and un-weighted.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/AcousticFeatures_Spectrograms.zip">AcousticFeatures_Spectrograms.zip</a> <ul> <li>13188 .csv files with un-weighted spetrograms of each channel of each recording.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7858848/files/AcousticFeatures_TimeSeries.zip">AcousticFeatures_TimeSeries.zip</a> <ul> <li>A .csv file containing LAeq and LZeq time series of each channel of each recording.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Publications refering to this dataset:</strong></p> <p>Versümer, Siegbert; Steffens, Jochen; Weinzierl, Stefan (currently under review): "The role of loudness predictions, personal and situational factors in day-to-day loudness assessments of indoor soundscapes."</p> <p><strong>Funding:</strong></p> <p>This study was sponsored by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. “FHprofUnt” funding code: 13FH729IX6. </p> <p><strong>License: </strong></p> <p>CC 4.0 BY, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode</a></p> <p><strong>Version history:</strong></p> <p>Details can be found in the <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/a15d6a91-1a35-4b5e-a7ec-da8a9bcbee2b/Changelog.md">Changelog.md</a> file.</p> <ul> <li> V.01.0. March 7, 2023: Initial publication. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7193938">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7193938</a></li> <li> V.01.1. April 25, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7858848">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7858848</a></li> </ul>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.