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26 results for “Indriidae”
Hair phenotype diversity across Indriidae lemurs
<p><strong><span>Objectives: </span></strong><span>Hair (i.e., pelage/fur) is a salient feature of primate (including human) diversity and evolution—serving functions tied to thermoregulation, protection, camouflage, and signaling—but wild primate pelage evolution remains relatively understudied. Specifically, assessing multiple hypotheses across distinct phylogenetic scales is essential but is rarely conducted. We examine whole body hair color and density variation across Indriidae (<em>Avahi</em>, <em>Indri</em>, <em>Propithecus</em>)—a lineage that, like humans, exhibits vertical posture (i.e., their whole bodies are vertical to the sun).</span></p> <p><strong><span>Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span>Our analyses considers multiple phylogenetic scales (family-level, genus-level) and hypotheses (e.g., Gloger's rule, the body cooling hypotheses). We obtain hair color and density from museum and/or wild animals, opsin genotypes from wild animals, and climate data from WorldClim. To analyze our data, we use </span>phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models (PGLMM) using Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms.</p> <p><strong><span>Results: </span></strong><span>Our results show that across the Indriidae family, darker hair is typical in wetter regions. However, within <em>Propithecus</em>, dark black hair is common in colder forest regions. Results also show pelage redness increases in populations exhibiting enhanced color vision. Lastly, we find follicle density on the crown and limbs increases in dry and open environments. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Discussion: </span></strong><span>This study highlights how different selective pressures across distinct phylogenetic scales have likely acted on primate hair evolution. Specifically, our data across <em>Propithecus</em> may implicate thermoregulation and is the first empirical evidence of Bogert's rule in mammals. Our study also provides rare empirical evidence supporting an early hypothesis on hominin hair evolution. </span></p>
Hair phenotype diversity across Indriidae lemurs
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On following pages: 12. Crowned Sifaka (Propithecus coronatus); 13. Coquerel's Sifaka (Propithecus coquerell); 14. Tattersall's Sifaka (Propithecus tattersall); 15. Diademed Sifaka (Propithecus diadema); 16. Milne-Edwards's Sifaka (Propithecus edwardsi); 17. Silky Sifaka (Propithecus candidus); 18. Perrier's Sifaka (Propithecus perrieri). in Indriidae
On following pages: 12. Crowned Sifaka (Propithecus coronatus); 13. Coquerel's Sifaka (Propithecus coquerell); 14. Tattersall's Sifaka (Propithecus tattersall); 15. Diademed Sifaka (Propithecus diadema); 16. Milne-Edwards's Sifaka (Propithecus edwardsi); 17. Silky Sifaka (Propithecus candidus); 18. Perrier's Sifaka (Propithecus perrieri).
Distribution. NE & CE Madagascar, found roughly from the Anjanaharibe-Sud Special Reserve in the N to the Anosibe an'ala Classified Forest in the S. in Indriidae
Distribution. NE & CE Madagascar, found roughly from the Anjanaharibe-Sud Special Reserve in the N to the Anosibe an'ala Classified Forest in the S.
Distribution. Restricted to extreme NE Madagascar (Analamerana and Andrafiamena massifs and the E edge of the Ankarana forests). in Indriidae
Distribution. Restricted to extreme NE Madagascar (Analamerana and Andrafiamena massifs and the E edge of the Ankarana forests).
Distribution. Restricted and patchy range in NE Madagascar that includes the humid forest belt extending from the Marojejy Massif and the Andapa Basin to Maroantsetra; the Androranga River may be the NE distributional limit in the Tsaratanana Corridor, although further surveys are needed to confirm this, and the Antainambalana River in the Makira Forest protected area is currently regarded as the S boundary. Currently, Marojejy represents the N limit ofits distribution, although historic range maps suggest that it once occurred as far N as the Bemarivo River near Sambava. The NE distributional limit in Makira was only recently established, when a few groups were found in the Antohaka Lava Forest, but informal reports suggest that the unprotected Maherivaratra Forest, outside NE Makira, may also contain Silky Sifakas. in Indriidae
Distribution. Restricted and patchy range in NE Madagascar that includes the humid forest belt extending from the Marojejy Massif and the Andapa Basin to Maroantsetra; the Androranga River may be the NE distributional limit in the Tsaratanana Corridor, although further surveys are needed to confirm this, and the Antainambalana River in the Makira Forest protected area is currently regarded as the S boundary. Currently, Marojejy represents the N limit ofits distribution, although historic range maps suggest that it once occurred as far N as the Bemarivo River near Sambava. The NE distributional limit in Makira was only recently established, when a few groups were found in the Antohaka Lava Forest, but informal reports suggest that the unprotected Maherivaratra Forest, outside NE Makira, may also contain Silky Sifakas.
Distribution. CE Madagascar, the Mangoro and Onive rivers are the N limits of the present range, and the Rienana River in Andringitra National Park is the S boundary. The former distribution probably extended somewhat N and further S to the Manampatrana River, but populations in those regions appear to have been extirpated. in Indriidae
Distribution. CE Madagascar, the Mangoro and Onive rivers are the N limits of the present range, and the Rienana River in Andringitra National Park is the S boundary. The former distribution probably extended somewhat N and further S to the Manampatrana River, but populations in those regions appear to have been extirpated.
Distribution. NE & E Madagascar from the Mananara River in the N to the Mangoro and Onive rivers in the S; although the precise distributional limits are unknown, the Diademed Sifaka is thought to be the most widely distributed of the sifakas, occurring throughout Madagascar's E rainforests. Historically, its distribution extended farther N to just S of the Antainambalana River, but it has not been found in recent years during fairly extensive studies of that region. in Indriidae
Distribution. NE & E Madagascar from the Mananara River in the N to the Mangoro and Onive rivers in the S; although the precise distributional limits are unknown, the Diademed Sifaka is thought to be the most widely distributed of the sifakas, occurring throughout Madagascar's E rainforests. Historically, its distribution extended farther N to just S of the Antainambalana River, but it has not been found in recent years during fairly extensive studies of that region.
Distribution. NW Madgascar, found discontinuously in the coast S of the Manambolo River, from where the distribution swings inland to the uplands before touching the coast again N and E of the Mahavavy River; reports of the Crowned Sifaka as far S as the Sakay River, as far E to Andanotongo, and SE beyond Tsiroanomandidy suggest that its distribution is more complicated than originally believed. Decken's (PF. deckeniz) and Crowned sifakas are often found in the same areas, although the Crowned Sifaka tends to be found further inland than the more coastal Decken's Sifaka. In general, the boundary between these two species is the Mahavavy River, while the Betsiboka River separates the Crowned Sifaka from Coquerel's Sifaka (PF. coquereli). in Indriidae
Distribution. NW Madgascar, found discontinuously in the coast S of the Manambolo River, from where the distribution swings inland to the uplands before touching the coast again N and E of the Mahavavy River; reports of the Crowned Sifaka as far S as the Sakay River, as far E to Andanotongo, and SE beyond Tsiroanomandidy suggest that its distribution is more complicated than originally believed. Decken's (PF. deckeniz) and Crowned sifakas are often found in the same areas, although the Crowned Sifaka tends to be found further inland than the more coastal Decken's Sifaka. In general, the boundary between these two species is the Mahavavy River, while the Betsiboka River separates the Crowned Sifaka from Coquerel's Sifaka (PF. coquereli).
Distribution. CW Madagascar, found mainly between the Manambolo and Mahavavy rivers, the S limit of its distribution does not extend to the Tsiribihina River (which marks the N limit of Verreaux's Sifaka, P. verreauxi). This species and the Crowned Sifaka (PF. coronatus) are often found in the same areas, although the latter tends to be found further inland than the more coastal Decken's Sifaka. in Indriidae
Distribution. CW Madagascar, found mainly between the Manambolo and Mahavavy rivers, the S limit of its distribution does not extend to the Tsiribihina River (which marks the N limit of Verreaux's Sifaka, P. verreauxi). This species and the Crowned Sifaka (PF. coronatus) are often found in the same areas, although the latter tends to be found further inland than the more coastal Decken's Sifaka.
Distribution. SW & S Madagascar, in the W up to the Tsiribihina River, in the SE it is found near to (just N of) Tolagnaro (= Fort-Dauphin) in the Nahampoana Reserve, although it was probably introduced there; the distributional limit in the SE is the transitional and spiny forest patches of the Mangatsiaka Parcel of Andohahela National Park. in Indriidae
Distribution. SW & S Madagascar, in the W up to the Tsiribihina River, in the SE it is found near to (just N of) Tolagnaro (= Fort-Dauphin) in the Nahampoana Reserve, although it was probably introduced there; the distributional limit in the SE is the transitional and spiny forest patches of the Mangatsiaka Parcel of Andohahela National Park.
Distribution. NW Madagascar, probably restricted to the Sambirano region, including the Ampasindava Peninsula; the N extent ofits distribution is possibly the Sambirano River and the S limit is the Andranomalaza (= Maetsamalaza) River. The woolly lemur reported from the W slopes of the Manongarivo Special Reserve was originally thought to be the Eastern Woolly Lemur (A. laniger), but subsequently determined to bethis species. in Indriidae
Distribution. NW Madagascar, probably restricted to the Sambirano region, including the Ampasindava Peninsula; the N extent ofits distribution is possibly the Sambirano River and the S limit is the Andranomalaza (= Maetsamalaza) River. The woolly lemur reported from the W slopes of the Manongarivo Special Reserve was originally thought to be the Eastern Woolly Lemur (A. laniger), but subsequently determined to bethis species.
Distribution. CW Madagascar, described from the forests of Ankindrodro, Ankinajao, and Ambalarano, it is known only from the Tsingy de Bemaraha region, N of the Manambolo River; the N limit ofits distribution is unclear, and there is no evidence of its occurrence between the Sambao and Mahavavy rivers or between the Mahavavy and Betsiboka rivers. in Indriidae
Distribution. CW Madagascar, described from the forests of Ankindrodro, Ankinajao, and Ambalarano, it is known only from the Tsingy de Bemaraha region, N of the Manambolo River; the N limit ofits distribution is unclear, and there is no evidence of its occurrence between the Sambao and Mahavavy rivers or between the Mahavavy and Betsiboka rivers.
Distribution. SE Madagascar, currently known from S of the Mangoro/Nesivolo river systems in the forests of Manara, Vatoalatsaka, Sangalampona, Mahasoarivo, and Ranomatana; the S extent of the distribution remains unclear. The precise distributional limits of Peyrieras's Woolly Lemur and in particular its relationship to the Southern Woolly Lemur (A. meridionalis) and the Manombo Woolly Lemur (A. ramanantsoavanai) in the S are undetermined. in Indriidae
Distribution. SE Madagascar, currently known from S of the Mangoro/Nesivolo river systems in the forests of Manara, Vatoalatsaka, Sangalampona, Mahasoarivo, and Ranomatana; the S extent of the distribution remains unclear. The precise distributional limits of Peyrieras's Woolly Lemur and in particular its relationship to the Southern Woolly Lemur (A. meridionalis) and the Manombo Woolly Lemur (A. ramanantsoavanai) in the S are undetermined.
Distribution. NW Madagascar, the core distribution seems to be to the N and E of the Betsiboka River as far as the Bay of Narinda, and this is also the species present in Ankarafantsika National Park. The isolated population farther N in the Ankarana region may also be this species, but, in between, the Sambirano Woolly Lemur (A. unicolor) inhabits both the Ampasindava Peninsula and the Sambirano region, including the Manongarivo Special Reserve. in Indriidae
Distribution. NW Madagascar, the core distribution seems to be to the N and E of the Betsiboka River as far as the Bay of Narinda, and this is also the species present in Ankarafantsika National Park. The isolated population farther N in the Ankarana region may also be this species, but, in between, the Sambirano Woolly Lemur (A. unicolor) inhabits both the Ampasindava Peninsula and the Sambirano region, including the Manongarivo Special Reserve.
Distribution. SE Madagascar, apparently restricted to Andohahela National Park and the area of Sainte-Luce. in Indriidae
Distribution. SE Madagascar, apparently restricted to Andohahela National Park and the area of Sainte-Luce.
Distribution. SE coastal Madagascar, currently known only from the area ofits type locality, the Manombo Special Reserve and Agnalazaha Forest. in Indriidae
Distribution. SE coastal Madagascar, currently known only from the area ofits type locality, the Manombo Special Reserve and Agnalazaha Forest.
Distribution. EC Madagascar, currently known only from the Bemosary Classified Forest (Fandriana), but limits of the distribution may ultimately prove to extend from the Mangoro River in the N to the Mananjary River in the S. in Indriidae
Distribution. EC Madagascar, currently known only from the Bemosary Classified Forest (Fandriana), but limits of the distribution may ultimately prove to extend from the Mangoro River in the N to the Mananjary River in the S.
Distribution. NE & E Madagascar from the Bemarivo River in the N to the Mangoro/Nesivolo rivers in the S; prior to the recent taxonomic splitting of this species, it was thought to range almost the entire length of E Madagascar's rainforests from the Ankarana Massif in the extreme N to the Tolagnaro (= Fort-Dauphin) region in the extreme S. in Indriidae
Distribution. NE & E Madagascar from the Bemarivo River in the N to the Mangoro/Nesivolo rivers in the S; prior to the recent taxonomic splitting of this species, it was thought to range almost the entire length of E Madagascar's rainforests from the Ankarana Massif in the extreme N to the Tolagnaro (= Fort-Dauphin) region in the extreme S.
Avahi laniger Anjanaharibe-Sud Special Reserve, NE Madagascar. Photo: Edward E. Louis in Indriidae
Avahi laniger Anjanaharibe-Sud Special Reserve, NE Madagascar. Photo: Edward E. Louis
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