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25 results for “Invasive rats”
Invasive species and thermal squeeze: Distribution of two invasive predators and drivers of ship rat (Rattus rattus) invasion in mid-elevation Fuscospora forest
This data package is from a trapping network set up in Craigieburn Forest Park, New Zealand, in 2013. These are records of the stoats and rats caught in the traps each time the traps were checked by volunteers since 2013. Associated long term air temperature and seedfall data from the Craigieburn area is also provided. If the original trapping records (containing more mammalian catch information such as weasels and cats) are required please contact the data providers.
Invasive rat eradication effects on seedling counts on Palmyra Atoll, 2004-2016
In order to investigate the impacts of rat eradication on plant communities on the Palmyra Atoll, Line Islands, Central Pacific Ocean ecosystem, a study was conducted surveying the native and non-native tree and palm seedling abundance before and after an eradication event which took place in June 2011. The common plant species examined were P. grandis and C. nucifera, while the less-common species were B. asiatica, C. subcordata, H. sonora, G. speciosa, N. oppositifolium, and C. inophyllum. Data for common plant species were collected in 2007, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2016, and for less-common species in 2004, 2011, 2012, 2014, and 2016. Data were collected via survey methods; 55 transect sites were examined for the common species, and between 49 to 55 sites were examined depending on the year, for the less-common species.
Impacts of black rat invasion on the primary rodent host of Lassa virus, Mastomys natalensis
<p>Shared here is code and data supporting the manuscript, "Reservoir displacement by an invasive rodent reduces Lassa virus zoonotic spillover risk."</p> <p>The project directory, which contains numerous large raster data files, was stored as a split zip archive to facilitate upload to Zenodo and consists of the files "rat_invasion.z01", "rat_invasion.z02", "rat_invasion.z03", and "rat_invasion.zip". Following download, these files may need to be decompressed using dedicated archiver software (such as The Unarchiver [https://theunarchiver.com/] on macOS). Note that the entire project repository is ~7 GB when uncompressed. The files shared here mirror the GitHub project repository (https://github.com/eveskew/rat_invasion) with the addition of the large environmental raster data in the "data/environmental" subdirectory.</p>
Figs 3A–F in Rat spleen in the course of Babesia submicroscopic studies microti invasion: histological and
Figs 3A–F. Splenic white pulp of rats with 21-day (A, arrows show empty spaces in nuclear membrane) and 6-month B. microti invasion (B). Swellings in rat spleen with 21-day B. microti invasion (C). Invaded erythrocytes in sinus blood vessels in rat spleen with 21-day parasitemia (D). Vacuole in macrophage of the rat spleen with 6-month B. microti invasion (E). Macrophage in red pulp of the rat spleen with 6-month B. microti invasion (F). Preparations imaging with the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Abbreviations: Bm – Babesia microti merozoites, Er – erythrocytes, Hem – hemosiderin, Mf – macrophage containing digested fragments of erythrocytes and heterophagical vacuoles – HV, Tr – thrombocytes, V – vacuole containing fibrous remnants of cytoskeleton.
Figs 1A–E in Rat spleen in the course of Babesia submicroscopic studies microti invasion: histological and
Figs 1A–E. The peripheral blood smear of control rats (A) rats with 21-day B. microti invasion (B) and rats with 6-month B. microti invasion (C) (black arrows – B. microti merozoites). Preparations were stained with MGG method. The surface observations of erythrocytes invaded with B. microti showed the presence of characteristic, elongated structures under the cell membrane (D, E). Imaging in AFM. Abbreviation: Lf – lymphocyte.
Data from: Habitat use and seed removal by invasive rats (Rattus rattus) in disturbed and undisturbed rainforest, Puerto Rico
Despite frequent occurrences of invasive rats (Rattus spp.) on islands, their known effects on forests are limited. Where invasive rats have been studied, they generally have significant negative impacts on native plants, birds, and other animals. This study aimed to determine invasive rat distribution and effects on native plant populations via short-term seed removal trials in tropical rain forest habitats in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico. To address the first objective, we used tracking tunnels (inked and baited cards inside tunnels enabling animal visitors' foot prints to be identified) placed on the ground and in the lower canopy within disturbed (treefall gaps, hurricane plots, stream edges) and undisturbed (continuous forest) habitats. We found that rats are present in all habitats tested. Secondly, we compared seed removal of four native tree species (Guarea guidonia, Buchenavia capitata, Tetragastris balsamifera, and Prestoea acuminata) between vertebrate-excluded and free-access treatments in the same disturbed and undisturbed habitats. Trail cameras were used to identify animals responsible for seed contact and removal. Black rats (R. rattus) were responsible for 65.1% of the interactions with seeds, of which 28.6% were confirmed seed removals. Two plant species had significantly more seeds removed in disturbed (gaps) than undisturbed forest. Prestoea acuminata had the lowest seed removal (9% in 10 d), whereas all other species had >30% removal. Black rats are likely influencing fates of seeds on the forest floor, and possibly forest community composition, through dispersal or predation. Further understanding of rat-plant interactions may be useful for formulating conservation strategies.
Data from: Global origins of invasive brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the Haida Gwaii archipelago
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Data from: Habitat use and seed removal by invasive rats (Rattus rattus) in disturbed and undisturbed rainforest, Puerto Rico
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Field-based ecological studies to assess prospective biological control agents for invasive alien plants: an example from giant rat's tail grass
<p>1. Biological control (biocontrol) of invasive alien plants is a widely utilised weed management tool. Prospective biocontrol agents are typically assessed through host-specificity testing and pre-release efficacy studies performed in quarantine. However, rearing of the potential biocontrol agents and/or test plants is often difficult or impossible under quarantine conditions. Moreover, practitioners may attain laboratory-artefacts in quarantine, which may result in the potential agent being needlessly rejected. Field-based studies in the weed's indigenous distribution could overcome these issues.</p> <p>2. Sporobolus pyramidalis and Sporobolus natalensis (giant rat's tail grass; Poaceae) are indigenous in Africa but have become problematic invasive alien plants in Australia. A previous biocontrol programme was terminated because the candidate agent could not be reared and tested in quarantine. We performed field-based host-specificity and efficacy studies for prospective biocontrol agents in South Africa (indigenous distribution). Forty-seven non-target grass species were sampled during host-specificity assessments. Candidate agent efficacy was estimated based on damage to the target weeds, for each host-specific candidate individually and in combination with other host-specific candidates.</p> <p>3. Three species of endophagous wasps were deemed host-specific. Efficacy assessments identified an undescribed stem-boring wasp (Tetramesa sp.) species as the most damaging candidate. A second Tetramesa species was much less damaging alone but had a cumulative impact on the plant in combination with the more damaging Tetramesa species. Both Tetramesa species are recommended for importation into quarantine in Australia for confirmatory host-specificity testing with a significantly reduced test plant list.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications: Similar field-based assessments in the indigenous distribution of weeds targeted for biocontrol could be included in future programmes. Where rearing of potential agents and/or test plants is difficult or impossible under quarantine conditions, our field-based method provides an alternative. Where quarantine-based testing is feasible, this method ensures that only candidates that have passed an ecologically realistic host-specificity and potential efficacy screening are imported into quarantine. This may reduce the number of agents that are imported and the length of time each agent is kept in quarantine. This is advantageous because quarantine space is highly valuable and is usually a limiting factor in pre-release assessments of biocontrol agents.</p>
Data from: Invasion genetics of a human commensal rodent: the black rat Rattus rattus in Madagascar
Studies focusing on geographical genetic patterns of commensal species and on human history complement each other, and provide proxies to trace common colonisation events. On Madagascar, the unintentional introduction and spread of the commensal species Rattus rattus by people may have left a living clue of human colonization patterns and history. In this study, we addressed this question by characterising the genetic structure of natural populations of R. rattus using both microsatellites and mitochondrial sequences, on an extensive sampling across the island. Such datasets were analysed by a combination of methods using population genetics, phylogeography and Approximate Bayesian Computation. Our results indicated two different introduction events to Madagascar from the same ancestral source of R. rattus, one in the extreme north of the island and the other further south. The latter was the source of a large spatial expansion, which may have initially started from an original point located on the southern coast. The inferred timing of introduction events – several centuries ago - is temporally congruent with the Arabian trade network in the Indian Ocean, which was flourishing from the middle of the first millennium.
Data from: Invasive rat eradication strongly impacts plant recruitment on a tropical atoll
Rat eradication has become a common conservation intervention in island ecosystems and its effectiveness in protecting native vertebrates is increasingly well documented. Yet, the impacts of rat eradication on plant communities remain poorly understood. Here we compare native and non-native tree and palm seedling abundance before and after eradication of invasive rats (Rattus rattus) from Palmyra Atoll, Line Islands, Central Pacific Ocean. Overall, seedling recruitment increased for five of the six native trees species examined. While pre-eradication monitoring found no seedlings of Pisonia grandis, a dominant tree species that is important throughout the Pacific region, post-eradication monitoring documented a notable recruitment event immediately following eradication, with up to 688 individual P. grandis seedlings per 100m2 recorded one month post-eradication. Two other locally rare native trees with no observed recruitment in pre-eradication surveys had recruitment post-rat eradication. However, we also found, by five years post-eradication, a 13-fold increase in recruitment of the naturalized and range-expanding coconut palm Cocos nucifera. Our results emphasize the strong effects that a rat eradication can have on tree recruitment with expected long-term effects on canopy composition. Rat eradication released non-native C. nucifera, likely with long-term implications for community composition, potentially necessitating future management interventions. Eradication, nevertheless, greatly benefitted recruitment of native tree species. If this pattern persists over time, we expect long-term benefits for flora and fauna dependent on these native species.
Field-based ecological studies to assess prospective biological control agents for invasive alien plants: an example from giant rat’s tail grass
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Data from: Using molecular diet analysis to inform invasive species management: a case study of introduced rats consuming endemic New Zealand frogs
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Data from: Invasion genetics of the introduced black rat (Rattus rattus) in Senegal, West Africa
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Data from: Invasive rat eradication strongly impacts plant recruitment on a tropical atoll
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Data from: Invasion genetics of a human commensal rodent: the black rat Rattus rattus in Madagascar
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Supplementary material 1 from: Hanslowe EB, Yackel Adams AA, Nafus MG, Page DA, Bradke DR, Erickson FT, Bailey LL (2022) Chew-cards can accurately index invasive rat densities in Mariana Island forests. NeoBiota 74: 29-56. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.74.80242
Appendix 1, Tables S1–S4
Supplementary material 2 from: Hanslowe EB, Yackel Adams AA, Nafus MG, Page DA, Bradke DR, Erickson FT, Bailey LL (2022) Chew-cards can accurately index invasive rat densities in Mariana Island forests. NeoBiota 74: 29-56. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.74.80242
Figure S1
Data for: Successful management of invasive rats across a fragmented landscape
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Comparison of transcriptomic profiles in natural populations of rodents (house mouse and black rat) along invasion routes in Senegal
GEO Series GSE112890. Rattus rattus; Mus musculus. 32 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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