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33 results for “Ischnura”
A B in A new habitat of rare species of dragonflies (Odonata) in the territory of Moscow and the first known population of Ischnura pumilio in the Moscow region
A B Рис. 12. МоΛоΔые Sympetrum fonscolombii, южный пруΔ, 13.09.2021: A — самец; B — самка Fig. 12. Semiadult Sympetrum fonscolombii, southern pond, 13.09.2021: A — male; B — female
Fig. 8 in A new habitat of rare species of dragonflies (Odonata) in the territory of Moscow and the first known population of Ischnura pumilio in the Moscow region
Fig. 8. Aeshna juncea: A — mature male, northern pond, 16.08.2021; B — mature female, northern pond, 18.08.2021; C — egg laying, southern pond, 23.08.2021
Рис. 5. Enallagma cyathigerum, северный пруΔ: A — зреΛый самец, 23.08.2021; B — моΛоΔой самец, 23.08.2021 in A new habitat of rare species of dragonflies (Odonata) in the territory of Moscow and the first known population of Ischnura pumilio in the Moscow region
Рис. 5. Enallagma cyathigerum, северный пруΔ: A — зреΛый самец, 23.08.2021; B — моΛоΔой самец, 23.08.2021
A B in A new habitat of rare species of dragonflies (Odonata) in the territory of Moscow and the first known population of Ischnura pumilio in the Moscow region
A B Рис. 13. ЗреΛые самцы Sympetrum pedemontanum (A–B), северный пруΔ, 13.09.2021 Fig. 13. Mature males of Sympetrum pedemontanum (A–B), northern pond, 13.09.2021
The genomic response to urbanization in the damselfly Ischnura elegans
<p>The complex and rapid environmental changes brought about by urbanization pose significant challenges to organisms. The multifaceted effects of urbanization often make it difficult to define and pinpoint the very nature of adaptive urban phenotypes. In such situations, scanning genomes for regions differentiated between urban and non-urban populations may be an attractive approach. Here, we investigated the genomic signatures of adaptation to urbanization in the damselfly <em>Ischnura elegans</em> sampled from 31 rural and urban localities in three geographic regions: southern and northern Poland, and southern Sweden. Genome-wide variation was assessed using more than 370,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped by ddRADseq. Associations between SNPs and the level of urbanization were tested using two genetic environment association methods: LFMM and BayPass. While we found numerous candidate SNPs and a highly significant overlap between candidates identified by the two methods within the geographic regions, there was a distinctive lack of repeatability between the geographic regions both at the level of individual SNPs and of genomic regions. However, we found "synapse organization" at the top of the functional categories enriched among the genes located in the proximity of the candidate urbanization SNPs. Interestingly, the overall significance of "synapse organization" was built up by the accretion of different genes associated with candidate SNPs in different geographic regions. This finding is consistent with the highly polygenic nature of adaptation, where the response may be achieved through a subtle adjustment of allele frequencies in different genes that contribute to adaptive phenotypes. Taken together, our results point to a polygenic adaptive response in the nervous system, specifically implicating genes involved in synapse organization, which mirrors the findings from several genomic and behavioral studies of adaptation to urbanization in other taxa. </p>
The genomic response to urbanization in the damselfly Ischnura elegans
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FIGURE 7 in Ischnura foylei sp. nov. (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) from the highlands of Sumatra
FIGURE 7. Details of gynochromatic (heterochromatic) females of Ischnura foylei (a–g—a paratype) and I. senegalensis from Lombok, 7 km NW Mataram (h): a—habitus of head, thorax and S1–3 of abdomen, lateral view; b –S6–10 of abdomen, lateral view; c—end of abdomen, dorsal view; d—ditto, lateral view; e—head, dorsal view; f—ditto, dorsofrontal view; g–hprothorax and mesostigmal plate. Not to scale.
FIGURE 6 in Ischnura foylei sp. nov. (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) from the highlands of Sumatra
FIGURE 6. Details of androchromatic female paratypes of Ischnura foylei (a–e and j–j—the same specimen; f—the other specimen): a—habitus of head, thorax and S1–3 of abdomen, lateral view; b—S1–2 of abdomen, lateral view; c—S6–10 of abdomen, lateral view; d—pterostigmata; e—prothorax and mesostigmal plate, dorsal view; f, g—end of abdomen, dorsal view; h—ditto, lateral view (note vulvar spine not clearly visible); i—head, dorsal view; j—ditto, frontal view. Not to scale.
FIGURE 5 in Ischnura foylei sp. nov. (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) from the highlands of Sumatra
FIGURE 5. End of abdomen of males of Ischnura foylei (a–c) and I. senegalensis (d–e): a–b—holotype of I. foylei; c—the most melanised paratype of I. foylei; d–e—a male of I. senegalensis from Indonesia, Lombok, 7 km NW Mataram, 8°32'S, 116°04'E, 6 m a.s.l., 22 ii 2014; a–d—lateral view; b–c, e—dorsal view; a–b and d–e in the same scale, c not to scale.
FIGURE 4 in Ischnura foylei sp. nov. (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) from the highlands of Sumatra
FIGURE 4. Details of the holotype male of Ischnura foylei: a—habitus of head, thorax and S1–3 of abdomen, lateral view; b— S1–2 of abdomen, lateral view; c—S6–10 of abdomen, lateral view; d—pterostigmata; e—head, dorsal view; f—ditto, frontal view; g—ditto, ventral view; h—posterior lobe of prothorax and mesostigmal plate, dorsal view. Not to scale.
FIGURE 2 in Ischnura foylei sp. nov. (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) from the highlands of Sumatra
FIGURE 2. Ischnura foylei at the type locality: a—males; b–c—gynochromatic (heretochromatic) females (photos by J. Holden).
FIGURE 3 in Ischnura foylei sp. nov. (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) from the highlands of Sumatra
FIGURE 3. Copulating pairs of Ischnura foylei in the type locality: a—involving an androchromatic female; b—involving a gynochromatic (heterochromatic) female (photos by J. Holden).
FIGURE 1 in Ischnura foylei sp. nov. (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) from the highlands of Sumatra
FIGURE 1. The type locality and habitat of Ischnura foylei: Danau Gugung Tujuh (Danau Sakti), Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia (photo by J. Holden).
FIGURE 9 in Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): a species from Yunnan (China) whose females mate in the teneral state
FIGURE 9. Trees representing the phylogenetic relationships between the Ischnura species included in this study using (a) mitochondrial DNA (COI; 451 bp) and (b) nuclear DNA (ITS; 610 bp) sequence data. Ischnura praematura clade appears highlighted in pink. Numbers above and below branches represent Bayesian Inference posterior probability values and Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values, respectively. Only bootstrap values equal or greater than 50% are shown. Note that in (b) only the ingroup (i.e. Ischnura clade) is depicted. For those species whose sequences were downloaded from GenBank to be included in the genetic analyses, accession numbers are indicated after each species name. In (b), outgroup GenBank accession numbers are as follows: MN963489 and MN963513 for Enallagma cyathigerum, and AB706596 for E. circulatum.
FIGURE 7 in Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): a species from Yunnan (China) whose females mate in the teneral state
FIGURE 7. Scheme of the pronotum in dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h).
FIGURE 5 in Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): a species from Yunnan (China) whose females mate in the teneral state
FIGURE 5. Lateral view of the male genital ligula of I. praematura (a: 100x; b: 250x). Ss: short spines; Ls: long spines.
FIGURE 8 in Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): a species from Yunnan (China) whose females mate in the teneral state
FIGURE 8. Scheme of the mesostigmal plates in portero-dorsal view of Ischnura praematura (♂ a; ♀ b), I. aurora from China (♂ c; ♀ d), I. rubilio from India (♂ e; ♀ f,), and I. asiatica from China (♂ g; ♀ h).
FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I in Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): a species from Yunnan (China) whose females mate in the teneral state
FIGURE 4. Ischnura praematura morphological details and comparison with I. aurora collected in China (c–d), I. rubilio collected in India (e–f), and I. asiatica collected in China (g–h). a: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); b: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. praematura (♂); c: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. aurora (♂); d: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. aurora (♂); e: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. rubilio (♂); f: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. rubilio (♂); g: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. asiatica (♂); h: posterior view of the anal appendages of I. asiatica (♂); i: dorsal view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♂); j: lateral view of the last abdominal segments of I. praematura (♀). dt, dorsal tubercle; ce, cerci; p, paraprocts.
FIGURE 1. a in Ischnura praematura sp. nov. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae): a species from Yunnan (China) whose females mate in the teneral state
FIGURE 1. a: Type locality of Ischnura praematura, nearby Lijiang city (Yunnan Province, China). b: Habitat where the species was found. Photo by I. Sanmartín-Villar.
FIGURE 3 in Ischnura elegans malikovae subspecies nova (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) from the Far East of Eurasia, with discussion of other possible subspecies
FIGURE 3. Male anal appendages of Ischnura elegans sspp. (left—dorsal view; middle—lateral view; right—posterior view): a—I. elegans malikovae, the holotype; b—I. elegans elegans elegans from Russia, Krasnodarskiy Kray Province, Novorossiysk Municipality, Lake Krugloe, 44.677° N 37.597° E, 10 vii 2016 (Kosterin 2017); c–d—I. elegans elegans ebneri from Iran, Markazi Province, Garehchay River at Gavigodar village 34.109° N 49.363° E, 19 v 2017 (Kosterin & Ahmadi 2018); these two specimens exhibit the extremities of the slight variation in the paraproct orientation in the same series. Scale bar 1 mm.
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