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Dataset results
14 results for “Japanese tits”
Data for: Using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to characterize nest site selection in wild Japanese tits (Parus minor)
<p>Selecting a suitable nest site is critical to the survival and reproduction of birds. Prospecting allows individuals to gather information on the local quality of potential future breeding sites, which may help them make the best nest site selection decision. However, few studies have focused on the direct links between the prospecting activity of breeders and subsequent nest site selection. In this study, we investigated the prospecting pattern of Japanese tits (<em>Parus minor</em>) during the pre-breeding period of the first breeding attempt and whether nest site characteristics influence their nest box visiting behaviour and occupied nest site. We used radio frequency identification (RFID) to track the movements of Japanese tits visiting nest boxes and compared nest site characteristics between visited and unvisited (control) nest boxes, as well as between visited and occupied nest boxes. We found that Japanese tits started visiting nest boxes approximately 20 days before breeding, visited an average of 6 nest boxes and eventually chose the most visited nest box for breeding activities. Japanese tits were more likely to visit nest boxes that had less canopy cover and lower shrub density but a greater total number of surrounding trees and ultimately chose breeding nest boxes with a smaller entrance inclination, in nesting trees with a larger diameter at breast height (DBH) which were surrounded by trees with a larger DBH. Our results suggest that Japanese tits visit several potential breeding sites before choosing breeding nest boxes and that nest site characteristics can influence their prospecting activity and nest site selection.</p>
Data for: Shy-boldness cannot predict egg rejection in the Japanese tit
<p><span>In response to brood parasitism, which significantly reduces the reproductive success of avian hosts, hosts have evolved the ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs. Many studies have revealed the influencing factors of egg recognition and egg rejection, and recent study found that host personality, along the bold-shy continuum, can influence egg rejection behavior. In addition, the egg rejection behavior of hosts differed among populations, suggesting that individuals with different personalities may evolve various adaptive behaviors under different parasitic pressures, but there has been few relevant experiments to verify this. In the present study, two populations of the Japanese tit <em>Parus minor</em> distributed in China were used to examine whether there were differences in egg rejection behavior of individuals with different personalities. The results showed that egg rejection rates of bold individuals (who remained in the nest box when encountering human invaders) and shy individuals (who immediately flew away from the nest box when encountering human invaders) were similar in both populations of the Japanese tit, and there were also no significant differences in egg rejection rates between individuals of the same personality in the two populations. This study suggests that host personality, along the bold-shy continuum, does not account for egg rejection behavior in the Japanese tits. This may be due to either other factors that affect egg rejection behavior counteracting the effect of personality, or the presence of multiple personalities that act together in the Japanese tits counteracting the effect of a single personality trait.</span></p>
Nest-switch and nest site selection pattern in the double-brooded Japanese tits (Parus minor)
<p><span>Most studies on nest site selection in multiple-brooded birds indicate that breeders tend to reuse the original nest site for subsequent breeding attempts within the same season. However, there are also some instances that many breeders may choose to move and build a new nest. The factors of habit</span><span>at</span><span> affecting nest switching of multiple-brooded avian species are poorly investigated. In this study, we investigated whether facultatively double-brooded Japanese tits (<em>Parus minor)</em> adapt their nest site characteristics in response to changes in environmental conditions during the second breeding attempt. Our results showed that </span><span>second breeding nest boxes of Japanese tits had lower shrub height and fewer total number of tree species, but taller </span><span>nest box height and higher </span><span>shrub density</span> <span>compared to the control nest boxes. Compared with first-breeding nest boxes, second-breeding nest boxes used by Japanese tits had lower shrub height and higher shrub density. Our results suggest</span><span>ed</span><span> that Japanese tits </span><span>selected</span> <span>nest sites for second breeding based on nest site characteristics, which may be related to food availability or predator avoidance</span><span>.</span></p>
Does social information affect the settlement decisions of resident birds in their second breeding attempt? A case study of the Japanese tit (Parus minor)
<p>Individuals may gather information about environmental conditions when deciding where to breed in order to maximize their lifetime fitness. Many studies have shown that birds can rely on social information to select their nest site. The location of active nests and the reproductive success of conspecifics and heterospecifics can provide accurate predictions about the quality of the breeding habitat. Some short-lived species can facultatively reproduce two and/or more times within a breeding season. However, few studies have focused on how multiple-brooding individuals select nest sites for their second breeding attempts. In this study, we use long-term data to test whether the Japanese tit (<em>Parus</em> <em>minor</em>) can use social information from conspecifics and/or heterospecifics to select a nest site for the second breeding attempt. Our results showed that the nest boxes occupied by tits on their second breeding attempt tended to be surrounded by more breeding conspecific nests, first-breeding successful conspecific nests, and fewer first-breeding failed conspecific nests than the nest boxes that remained unoccupied (the control group). However, the numbers of breeding heterospecific nests, successful heterospecific nests, and failed heterospecific nests did not differ between the nest boxes occupied by tits on their second breeding attempt and the unoccupied nest boxes. Furthermore, the tits with local successful breeding experience tended to choose areas with more first-breeding successful conspecific nests than those without successful breeding experience. Thus, we suggest that conspecifics' but not heterospecifics' social information within the same breeding season is the major factor influencing the nest site selection of Japanese tits during second breeding attempts.</p>
Data for: Using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to characterize nest site selection in wild Japanese tits (Parus minor)
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Does social information affect the settlement decisions of resident birds in their second breeding attempt? A case study of the Japanese tit (Parus minor)
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Data for: Shy-boldness cannot predict egg rejection in the Japanese tit
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Nest-switch and nest site selection pattern in the double-brooded Japanese tits (Parus minor)
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A case report of an Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) attacking an incubating adult and depredating the eggs of the Japanese Tit (Parus minor)
<p>In May 2021, we opportunistically observed one Eurasian Jay (<em>Garrulus</em> <em>glandarius</em>) attacking an adult incubating Japanese Tit (<em>Parus</em> <em>minor</em>) and depredating nine tit eggs at a nestbox where a woodpecker had greatly enlarged the entrance. After the predation event, the Japanese tits abandoned the nest. We recommend that when using artificial nest boxes to protect hole-nesting birds, the appropriate entrance size should be proportional to the body size of the target species. This observation gives us a better understanding of the potential predators of secondary hole-nesting birds.</p>
A case report of an Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) attacking an incubating adult and depredating the eggs of the Japanese Tit (Parus minor)
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FIGURE 4. a in Characterization of a secondary contact zone of the Great Tit Parus major and the Japanese Tit P. minor (Aves: Passeriformes) in Far Eastern Siberia with DNA markers.
FIGURE 4. a) Proportion of minor phenotypes plotted against geographic distances between the populations (with parameters, a = 1.0166, b = 0.1534, x = 5.7334, y = 0.0114, R2 = 0.9934), b) 0 0 proportion of minor mitochondrial haplotypes plotted against geographic distances (a = 1.0049, b = 0.1551, x = 0.5749, y = 0.0319, R2 = 0.9843) and c) proportion of individuals being assigned to 0 0 minor based on microsatellites plotted against geographic distances (a = 0.9616, b = 0.2167, x0 = 5.2785, y = 0.0166, R2 = 0.9928).
FIGURE 3 in Characterization of a secondary contact zone of the Great Tit Parus major and the Japanese Tit P. minor (Aves: Passeriformes) in Far Eastern Siberia with DNA markers.
FIGURE 3. Assignment probabilities for each individual to belong to major or minor cluster. Phenotypes of the individuals are shown above the graph. Individuals in bold are first generation migrants detected by GeneClass.
FIGURE 2 in Characterization of a secondary contact zone of the Great Tit Parus major and the Japanese Tit P. minor (Aves: Passeriformes) in Far Eastern Siberia with DNA markers.
FIGURE 2. Relative frequencies of alleles at the nine studied microsatellite loci for each population.
FIGURE 1 in Characterization of a secondary contact zone of the Great Tit Parus major and the Japanese Tit P. minor (Aves: Passeriformes) in Far Eastern Siberia with DNA markers.
FIGURE 1. Map showing the sampled populations in the Amur River Valley. Upper pies on each location show the frequency of major (blue) and minor (red) haplotypes and lower pies the mean probabilities of individuals being assigned to major or minor based on microsatellites.
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