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48 results for “Juan de Fuca Ridge”
Changing Brine Inputs into Hydrothermal Fluids: Southern Cleft Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge
<p>In 2016 temperature recorders were recovered, temperatures were measured, and fluid samples were collected from Vent 1, a high temperature (338°C) hydrothermal discharge site on the southern Cleft Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Coupled with previous sampling efforts, this collection represents a 32-year record of discharge from a single chimney structure, the longest record to date. Remarkably, the fluid has remained brine-dominated for more than three decades. This brine formed during phase separation and segregation prior to initial observations in 1984. Although the chloride concentration of the discharging fluid has decreased with time, the fluid temperature has remained nearly constant for at least 3.3 years and probably for 15 or even 22 years. Compositions of the discharging fluids are consistent with inputs from a deep-sourced brine, which was last equilibrated at >400° C at a depth consistent with the base of the sheeted dikes and the brittle-ductile transition. This brine mixed (diffusion or dispersion) with a likely non-phase-separated, hydrothermal fluid prior to discharge. A survey of hydrothermal endmember fluids with chlorinities in excess of 700 mmol/kg shows, with the exception of Fe, a single trend between major ion concentrations and chlorinity even though data are from a range of crustal compositions, spreading rates, and water and magma depths. Calculated deep-sourced brines from hydrothermal fluid data are similar to data based on fluid inclusions and estimates of brine assimilation in magmas. A better understanding of brines is required given their potential duration of discharge and capacity for mobilizing metals.</p> <p>The data in the attached 10 tables represent the supplemental data in a paper published in <em>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</em>. The data include temperature data from long-term records, chemical data from hydrothermal effluent from Vent 1 on the Cleft Segment, sediment data, and sulfide chimney data.</p>
Virus-host diversity and interactions in the Juan de Fuca Ridge flank deep biosphere
<p>Fasta files from sequenced Single Amplified Virus Genomes originated from hydrothermal fluids collected from the IODP Hole<br /> U1362B CORK observatory in 2011during cruise AT18-07 on the RV Atlantis with ROV Jason (chief scientist A. Fisher; cruise report available online on the C-DEBI website: http://www.darkenergybiosphere.org/research/juandefuca.html).</p>
FIGURE 5 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 5. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. in situ on pillow basalt from 2080 m of depth Vance B Seamount, with nozzle of suction sampler of ROV Tiburon largely to their right. A, the remains of several walls broken away by the nozzle can be seen to the right of "1" leaving membranous bases exposed. B, the barnacles seen between "2" and "3" and to the right of "4" in A have been collected. N.B.: Inspection of MPEGs taken by ROV Tiburon during collection of the barnacles seen removed in these frames detected no loss of material in the process. Therefore, it can be said with confidence that the shell fragments at the base of the basalt below the barnacles (cf. Fig. 4) represent natural postmortem accumulations.
FIGURE 15 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 15. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., appendages: A, mandible; B, first maxillae; C, second maxilla; D, intermediate articles of cirrus VI; and E, crest of labrum flanked by left palp.
FIGURE 12 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 12. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., exploded four-plated wall arranged from loose plates, type lot: A, exterior of a rostrum; B and D, left and right carinolaterals; C, a carina; and E, the interior of a portion of a rostrum. Note the variably pronounced depression in the sheath of rostrum (E), which, together with the edges of the carinolateral alae, receives the rostral ends of the occludent ridges of the scuta (Figs 9A; 11C, D).
FIGURE 7 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 7. The holotype and paratype of Calantica moskalevi Zevina and Galkin, 1989: 134, Fig. 1) consisted of two juveniles (measurements below in mm).
FIGURE 11 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 11. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. holotype: A, exterior view of female with males; note largely exposed alae and the pair of males on each side of the tight fitting occludent ridges of the scuta. B, interior view of the same female, note the tight fit of the bearing surfaces of the alae on the adjacent plates, and the close fit of the sutures between plates, especially between the opercular plates and the interior of the orifice.
FIGURE 4 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 4. Numerous females of Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. in situ on pillow basalt from 2080 m of depth on Vance B Seamount, with nozzle of suction sampler on ROV Tiburon to their right (distance between red laser dots 30 cm). The pristine white appearance of the dead shells accumulating at the base of the slope, as well as of the living individuals, suggests that there is little if any hydrothermal activity nearby to stain them (rather than the barnacle just being short lived, which they are). Thus, as might be expected, dissection revealed feeding appendages (Fig. 13) of the deep-sea rather than hydrothermal type. N.B.: Inspection of MPEGs taken by ROV Tiburon during collection of most of the barnacles seen in this frame (also, Fig. 5) detected no loss of material in the process. Therefore, it can be said with confidence that the shell fragments at the base of the basalt below the barnacles represent natural, postmortem accumulations.
FIGURE 2 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 2. Panorama in the caldera of Axial Seamount, at approximately 1434 m of depth. Several yellowish-brown clumps and a few scatters individuals of the stalked barnacle, Calantica moskalevi Zevina and Galkin, 1989, can be seen at roughly 9, 12 and 3 o'clock of the right red laser dot (distance between red laser dots 30 cm).
FIGURE 14 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 14. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., dwarf males: A, viewed obliquely (R-C axis running between 10:30 and 4:30 o'clock); B, another individual, viewed from the carinal end, leaning markedly to its right, toward the aperture of the female (see Fig. 9 for four males in situ). Note that the chitinous primary wall is made up of four plates, with the rostrum overlapping the carinolaterals. There is no indication of sutures in the rostrum or the carinolaterals of the male or the female.
FIGURE 3 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 3. Group of several adult hermaphrodites of Calantica moskalevi Zevina and Galkin, 1989 in situ in the caldera of Axial Seamount (Fig. 1). The upper barnacle has its cirral net deployed for passive feeding in gentle currents. The cuticle of the barnacles, stained yellow-brown to gold apparently by ferromanganese oxides from venting 200 meters of so away, has sloughed off the apexes of some of the capitular plates, exposing the underlying calcitic shell to corrosion. Dissection reveals feeding appendages (Fig. 8) of the deep-sea rather than hydrothermal type.
FIGURE 13 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 13. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., opercular plates of female: A and B, interior and exterior of terga, and C and D, interior and exterior of scuta. Both the terga and scuta are isosceles triangles, the bases of which are formed by their occludent margins. Note that the weakly developed articular ridges and furrows, as well as the lack of adductor and depressor muscle crests (apodemes), pits or scars, are remarkable. Comparably simple opercular plates are seen in no other balanomorph.
FIGURE 10 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 10. Calantica moskalevi Zevina and Galkin, 1989; appendages, first topotype: A, portion of crest of labrum with left palp attached; B, mandible; C, first maxillae; D, second maxilla; E, intermediate articles of cirrus VI; and F, penis still attached to the coxal portion of pedicle of the left sixth cirrus.
FIGURE 16 in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 16. Distributional map: Locality for the calanticid, Calantica moskalevi Zevina and Galkin, 1989, and the pachylasmatine, Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., from approximately 1400 and 2000 m depths, respectively, in the NE Pacific (arrow; cf. Fig. 1), and general localities for their closest living relatives, Calantica spp (closed circles, from list of species in text) and Tetrapachylasma spp (closed triangles, after Jones 2000), from shallow to moderated depths in the I-WP. More generalized calanticids, Scillaelepas spp, occur at bathy-abyssal depths in all except high latitude oceans, whereas all pachylasmatines except Pachylasma giganteum Philippe (open triangles) and Atetrapachylasma dijonesae (arrow), occur in the I-WP at shallow to moderate depths. This suggests that calanticids as well as pachylasmatines once had Tethyan distributions, of which the NE Pacific species appear to be peripheral isolates or relicts, rather than the result of subsequent long-range dispersal.
FIGURE 1. Axial and Vance B in Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; " insular " endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?
FIGURE 1. Axial and Vance B Seamounts are located on the Juan de Fuca Ridge, at 45º 55'N–130º 00'W and 45° 30'N–130° 40'W off Oregon (insert, large and small dot) respectively. Hydrothermally active Axial Seamount resides on the ridge crest near the point of origin of the chain of seamounts ranging to the NW. Vance B, among the seamounts running nearly parallel off the ridge crest some 96 km to the SSW, is hydrothermally inactive (see Table 1 for some physical parameters).
FIGURE 8. Protanais ligniamator, manca III paratype. A in Tanaidacea (Crustacea; Peracarida) from chemically reduced habitats-the hydrothermal vent system of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Escabana Trough and Gorda Ridge, northeast Pacific
FIGURE 8. Protanais ligniamator, manca III paratype. A) Lateral view, mouthparts not drawn for clarity; B) Antennule; C) Antenna; D) Left mandible; E) Right mandible; F) Maxillule; G) Maxilla; H) Maxilliped. Scale bars: A–C 0.5 mm, D–H 0.25 mm
FIGURE 5. Protanais ligniamator, adult male paratype. A in Tanaidacea (Crustacea; Peracarida) from chemically reduced habitats-the hydrothermal vent system of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Escabana Trough and Gorda Ridge, northeast Pacific
FIGURE 5. Protanais ligniamator, adult male paratype. A) Antennule; B) Antenna; C) Labrum; D) Left mandible, body with attached ciliates; E) Right mandible; F) Labium; G) Maxillule; H) Maxilla; I) Maxilliped; J) Maxilliped endites; K) Epignath. Scale bars1 mm.
FIGURE 4. Protanais ligniamator. A in Tanaidacea (Crustacea; Peracarida) from chemically reduced habitats-the hydrothermal vent system of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Escabana Trough and Gorda Ridge, northeast Pacific
FIGURE 4. Protanais ligniamator. A) Paratype, adult male, dorsal view; B) Paratype, male, lateral view, mouthparts not drawn for clarity. Scale bar 2 mm.
FIGURE 12. Armaturatanais trispinipodus, female. A in Tanaidacea (Crustacea; Peracarida) from chemically reduced habitats-the hydrothermal vent system of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Escabana Trough and Gorda Ridge, northeast Pacific
FIGURE 12. Armaturatanais trispinipodus, female. A) Pereopod 1; B) Pereopod 2; C) Pereopod 3; D) Pereopod 4; E) Pereopod 5; F) Pereopod 6; G) Pleopod; H) Uropod. Scale bars 0.25 mm.
FIGURE 3. Protanais ligniamator, female paratype. A in Tanaidacea (Crustacea; Peracarida) from chemically reduced habitats-the hydrothermal vent system of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, Escabana Trough and Gorda Ridge, northeast Pacific
FIGURE 3. Protanais ligniamator, female paratype. A) Cheliped; B) Pereopod 1; C) Pereopod 2; D) Pereopod 3; E) Pereopod 4; F) Pereopod 5; G) Pereopod 6; H) Pleopod, setae not fully drawn for clarity; I) Uropod. Scale bar 1 mm.
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