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52 results for “L Dwarfs”
Exploring the age dependent properties of M and L dwarfs using Gaia and SDSS: The Sample
<p>Sample from "Exploring the age dependent properties of M and L dwarfs using Gaia and SDSS". We present a sample of 74,216 M and L dwarfs constructed from two existing catalogs of cool dwarfs spectroscopically identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We cross-matched the SDSS catalog with Gaia DR2 to obtain parallaxes and proper motions and modified the quality cuts suggested by the Gaia Collaboration to make them suitable for late-M and L dwarfs. </p>
Near-Infrared Spectral Templates of L Dwarfs
<p>As described in <em>Meeting the Cool Neighbors XII: An Optically-Anchored Analysis of the Near-Infrared Spectra of L Dwarfs</em> (Cruz et. al.), we have combined the NIR spectra of objects of the same optical spectral type to make NIR spectral average templates for field and low-gravity L dwarfs at each integer spectral type, in the range L0–L8. As more optical and/or NIR data are collected for L dwarfs, the templates could potentially be updated. In anticipation of this, we dub the templates presented here version 1.0.</p> <p>The naming convention of the ascii files is the following:</p> <p>Spectral type + Band + Gravity<br> <br> Gravity can be <br> 'f' (field objects) or <br> 'b' ({beta}-type low-gravity objects) or <br> 'g' ({gamma}-type very low-gravity objects)<br> <br> Example: L1H_f.txt is the template for the H band of the field L1 objects.<br> <br> Columns are:<br> 1. Wavelength in microns<br> 2. Average normalized flux<br> 3. Normalized flux standard deviation<br> 4. Min normalized flux<br> 5. Max normalized flux <br> The last two columns define the range of the strip at each wavelength.<br> <br> The files are formatted according to the machine readable format used by the AAS Journals and CDS/VizieR. The files can be read in python using the astropy package:<br> <br> from astropy.table import Table<br> data = Table.read("L1H_f.dat", format="ascii.cds")</p>
Data from: Female-biased population sex ratios caused by genetic rather than ecological mechanisms in dwarf willow (Salix herbacea L.)
<p>Biased sex ratios among reproductive individuals are common in plants, but the underlying mechanisms, as well as the evolutionary consequences, are not well understood. The classical theory of Düsing and Fisher predicts an equal primary sex ratio at seed production, based on the selective advantage of the rare sex. Biased sex ratios among reproductive plants can arise from sexual dimorphism in survival and flowering. Sex ratio biases can also be present from the seed stage; in these cases, assumptions of Düsing's and Fisher's theory, for example, random mating or demographic equilibrium, are thought to be violated.</p> <p>We investigated mechanisms leading to female-biased sex ratios in the arctic-alpine dwarf willow <em>Salix herbacea</em> L. We studied sex ratios in three natural populations over three years as well as in 29 crosses (full-sib families) under controlled conditions over four growth periods. We tested whether sex ratio was associated with habitat parameters (elevation and snowmelt time), or with germination, survival or flowering, and whether females and males differed in size or flowering that may cause observation bias.</p> <p>We detected a strong and consistent female bias, both in natural populations (sex ratio [proportion of females]: 0.71-0.82) and in our controlled experiment (overall sex ratio: 0.70-0-72). Female bias became more pronounced with increasing elevation. Our data did not support sexual dimorphism in size or flowering. Family sex ratios varied largely (from 0.25 to 1), including many female-biased families, unbiased families and two male-biased families. Families with lower germination, seedling establishment, survival or flowering did not have stronger female bias, indicating that intrinsically higher survival or flowering in females does not explain overall female bias. </p> <p>Synthesis: Our results suggest that sex ratio bias in <em>S. herbacea</em> is already present in seeds and does not arise through intrinsic differences between sexes. Candidate mechanisms that can lead to both overall female bias and variation in sex ratio among families are meiotic drive or cyto-nuclear interactions. The pioneer habit of <em>Salix</em> may lead to non-equilibrium population dynamics that allow for the long-term persistence of variable genetic sex ratio distortion systems that arise from genetic conflict.</p>
Fig 2. Three dwarf spinner dolphins, Stenella l in Cetacean Diversity And Habitat Preferences In Tropical Waters Of East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Fig 2. Three dwarf spinner dolphins, Stenella l. roseiventris with obscure, lateral color pattern, photographed in the Berau Archipelago, October 2003. Photo: Budiono.
Data from: Female-biased population sex ratios caused by genetic rather than ecological mechanisms in dwarf willow (Salix herbacea L.)
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Additional Figures for winning models for sample in A Comparative L-dwarf Sample Exploring the Interplay Between Atmospheric Assumptions and Data Properties
<p>Additional Figures for winning models for sample in <em>A Comparative L-dwarf Sample Exploring the Interplay Between Atmospheric Assumptions and Data Properties (<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.02754.pdf">https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.02754.pdf</a>).</em></p> <p>Model naming key: NC = cloud-free, d2_89 = power-law deck cloud</p> <p>SDSS J1416+1348A: Winning model: power-law deck cloud</p> <p>Spectral Type Comparison J1526+2043 Winning model: Cloud-free</p> <p>Temperature Comparisons</p> <p>J1539-0520 Winning model: Power-law deck cloud and cloud-free tied.</p> <p>J0539-0059 Winning model: Power-law deck cloud and cloud-free tied. </p> <p><br> </p>
FIGURE 40 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 40. Distribution of Natella viridescens (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891). Triangles with a white centre indicate localities for specimens used in DNA analyses (Moussalli & Herbert 2016); contour at 1000 m.
FIGURE 39 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 39. Natella viridescens (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891), genitalia (NMSA V3177). A, middle and lower portion of genital tract. B, internal structure of penis. Abbreviations: ag, albumen gland; bc, bursa copulatrix; bd, bursa copulatrix duct; fod, free oviduct; ga, genital atrium; m, muscle fibres; p, penis; pf, folds inside penis base; pr, penial retractor muscle; pv, penial verge; sod, spermoviduct; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens.
FIGURE 41. Maps showing the distribution southern African rhytidid taxa. A, Natalina s.l in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 41. Maps showing the distribution southern African rhytidid taxa. A, Natalina s.l. (green triangles = Capitina; blue squares = Afrorhytida; pink circles = Natalina s.s.), from Herbert & Moussalli (2010). B, dwarf cannibal snails, Nata s.l. (black triangles = Nata s.s.; blue triangles = Natella). C, Chlamydephorus slugs. D, Nata spp. in W. Cape in relation to biomes. E, Nata spp. in E. Cape in relation to biomes. F, Nata vernicosa and Nata erugata sp. nov. in relation to biomes.
FIGURE 38 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 38. Natella viridescens (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891), radula. A, whole width of radula, showing small rachidian tooth, stained with Shirlastain A, Ithala Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal (NMSA V2530). B, SEM of half row, Soutpansberg, Limpopo (NMSA V5664). Scale bars: A = 100 µm; B = 50 µm.
FIGURE 35 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 35. Nata watsoni sp. nov., genitalia. A, entire genital tract, minus ovotestis, holotype (NMSA W6266/T2299). B, penial complex, paratype (NMSA W5189/T2272). C, longitudinal dissection of penis to show internal structure, holotype. Abbreviations: ag, albumen gland; bc, bursa copulatrix; bd, bursa copulatrix duct; ep, epiphallus; epp, epiphallus pore; ga, genital atrium; hd, hermaphrodite duct; lpr, longitudinal penis ridge; p, penis; pr, penial retractor muscle; sod, spermoviduct; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens.
FIGURE 36 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 36. Distribution of Nata watsoni sp. nov. Triangles with a white centre indicate localities for specimens used in DNA analyses (Moussalli & Herbert 2016); contour at 1000 m.
FIGURE 37 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 37. Natella viridescens (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1891). A–C, Weenen, KwaZulu-Natal, diameter 4.7 mm (NMSA A7126). D–F, Ithala Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, diameter 5.0 mm (NMSA V3177). G–I, Pretoria, Gauteng, diameter 3.6 mm (NMSA A7122).
FIGURE 34 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 34. Nata watsoni sp. nov., radula. A, entire width of radula. B, recurved rows of teeth at radula margin. C, middle and right side of radula. D, recurved rows of teeth at radula margin. A, B, D, Camdeboo National Park, paratype NMSA W6091/T2303; C, Somerset East, holotype. A, B, stained radula slides; C, D, scanning electron micrographs. Scale bars: A, D = 100 µm; B = 50 µm; C = 250 µm.
FIGURE 33 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 33. Nata watsoni sp. nov. A–C, holotype, Glen Avon Falls, Somerset East, E. Cape, diameter 16.0 mm (NMSA W6266/T2299). D–F, low-spired juvenile, Riebeek East, Grahamstown, diameter 10.5 mm (paratype, NMSA W5189/T2272). G–I, Hankey, diameter 13.6 mm (paratype, NMSA W6524/T3921).
FIGURE 31 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 31. Nata erugata sp. nov., living animals. A, Mapaya Hill, Zastron, Free State, shell diameter 13.2 mm (paratype, NMSA W6573/T3907). B, Tullach-Mohr, Nelspruit area, Mpumalanga, shell diameter 20 mm (MV, ex NMSA W3301).
FIGURE 32 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 32. Nata erugata sp. nov., radula. A, Sudwala, Mpumalanga (NMSA W4473). B, Hogsback E. Cape (NMSA W6654). C, D, Mapaya Hill, Zastron, Free State (paratype, NMSA W6573/T3907). Scale bars = 250 µm.
FIGURE 30 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 30. Nata erugata sp. nov. A–C, holotype, Monk's Cowl Forest, KwaZulu-Natal, diameter 15.5 mm (NMSA W5599/ T3906). D–J, additional specimens from throughout the range of the species [D, Majuba, KwaZulu-Natal, diameter 14.5 mm (paratype, NMSA V5932/T3909). E, Pongola Bush, KwaZulu-Natal, diameter 17.0 mm (paratype, NMSA V776/T3915). F, Phinda Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, diameter 16.2 mm (W1334). G, Balloch, Barkly East, E. Cape, diameter 16.8 mm (paratype, NMSA W4836/T3914). H, Mapaya Hill, Zastron, Free State, diameter 13.2 mm (paratype, W6573/T3907). I, Mariepskop, Mpumalanga, diameter 17.1 mm (W9364). J, Sand River area, Kruger National Park, diameter 15.6 mm (A9759)].
FIGURE 29 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 29. Comparison of distributions of Nata vernicosa (triangles) and Nata erugata sp. nov. (circles). Green symbols indicate localities for specimens used in DNA analyses (Moussalli & Herbert 2016); contour at 1000 m. The isolated population of Nata vernicosa in the Cape Town is considered to be derived from translocated individuals.
FIGURE 27 in Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa— Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species
FIGURE 27. Nata vernicosa (Krauss, 1848), radula. A, B, Haven, E. Cape (NMSA W4151). C, D, Mount Sheba, Mpumalanga (NMSA W3344). Scale bars: A, C = 500 µm; B, D = 250 µm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.