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24 results for “LMS”
The mass of the lowermost stratosphere (LMS): LMS mass calculation and trends in five reanalyses for the time period 1979–2019
<p><strong>Description</strong></p> <p>Python code to calculate the mass of the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) and investigate LMS mass trends with the dynamic linear regression model (DLM, Laine et al. 2014, Alsing 2019) as presented in Weyland et al. (2024). The LMS mass is calculated via a three dimensioal integral, following Appenzeller et al. (1996), given an upper and lower LMS boundary surface (4D pressure fields). Here, the lateral boundary is determined via the intersection of the tropopause with the 350K isentrope (4D pressure field). The upper LMS boundary can be defined by the isentrope according to the potential temperature at the tropical lapse rate tropopause (PPT10mean) or the cold point (PPTcp10mean) or approximated by the 380K isentrope. See Weyland et. al (2024) for further description and context.</p> <p>The mass calculation is performed with calc_LMS_mass.py.</p> <p>The DLM trend analysis is conducted with dlm_LMS_mass.py, using dlm_modules.py. In order to be able to use the provided code, the dlmmc model code has to be downloaded from <a href="https://github.com/justinalsing/dlmmc">https://github.com/justinalsing/dlmmc</a> (Alsing 2019).</p> <p>The neccesary 3D (time, lat, lon) pressure fields to define the LMS boundaries are provided for the time period 1979–2019<sup>1</sup> from five modern reanalyses: ERA5<sup>2</sup> (Hersbach et al., 2020), ERA-Interim (Dee et al., 2011), MERRA-2 (Gelaro et al., 2017) and JRA-55 (Kobayashi et al., 2015) and JRA3Q (Kosaka et al., 2024):</p> <ul> <li>lrtp*.nc : <ul> <li>3D (time, lat, lon) pressure, temperature and potential temperature at the WMO lapse rate tropopause for the time period 1979-2019<sup>1</sup>, derived from monthly mean data on pressure levels from the respective reanalysis. The lapse rate detection algorithm closely follows that of Birner et al. (2010), based on the work of Reichler et al. (2003). The lapse rate tropopause can serve as the lower LMS boundary. The potential temperature at the lapse rate tropopause between 10°N-10°S is used to define a „dynamic“ upper LMS boundary (PPT10mean).</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>cp*.nc : <ul> <li>3D (time, lat, lon) pressure, temperature and potential temperature at the cold point for the time period 1979–2019<sup>1 </sup>, derived from monthly mean data on pressure levels from the respective reanalysis. The cold point here is defined by the pressure corresponding to a lapse rate of 0K/km. The potential temperature at the cold point between 10°N–10°S is used to define a „dynamic“ upper LMS boundary (PPTcp10mean).</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>ppt10mean*.nc : <ul> <li>3D (time, lat, lon) pressure at the isentrope accroding to the potential temperature at the tropical (10°N–10°S) lapse rate tropopause (PPT10mean) for the time period 1979–2019<sup>1</sup>, derived from lrtp*.nc. PPT10mean can be used to define the upper LMS boundary.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>pptcp10mean*.nc : <ul> <li>3D (time, lat, lon) pressure at the isentrope accroding to the potential temperature at the cold point between 10°N-10°S (PPTcp10mean) for the time period 1979–2019<sup>1</sup>, derived from cp*.nc. PPTcp10mean can be used to define the upper LMS boundary.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>p380K*.nc : <ul> <li>3D (time, lat, lon) pressure at the 380K isentrope for the time period 1979–2019<sup>1</sup>, derived from monthly mean data on pressure levels from the respective reanalysis. The 380K isentropic pressure field can be used to approximate the upper LMS boundary.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>p350K*.nc : <ul> <li>3D (time, lat, lon) pressure at the 350K isentrope for the time period 1979–2019<sup>1</sup>, derived from monthly mean data on pressure levels from the respective reanalysis. The 350K isentrope is used to determine the lateral LMS boundaries via its intersection with the tropopause. This intersection approximates the location of the subtropical jet streams and the maximum PV-gradient, marking a transport barrier. It is determined by the sign change of the pressure difference between the tropopause and the 350K isentrope.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>my_enso_79-19.txt : <ul> <li>Regressor to account for El-Niño/Southern Oscillation for the time period 1979–2019. Source: <a href="https://psl.noaa.gov/enso/mei/">https://psl.noaa.gov/enso/mei/</a>, last accessed: 11 July 2023. The data has been normalized and centered around zero. The use of regressors is optional.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>my_qbo30_79-19.txt and my_qbo50_79-19.txt : <ul> <li>Regressor to account for the quasi-biennial oscillation at 30 and 50 hPa for the time period 1979–2019. Source: <a href="https://www.geo.fu-berlin.de/met/ag/strat/produkte/qbo/qbo.dat">https://www.geo.fu-berlin.de/met/ag/strat/produkte/qbo/qbo.dat</a>, last accessed: 11 July 2023. The data has been normalized and centered around zero. The use of regressors is optional.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>my_SAOD_79-19.txt : <ul> <li>Regressor to account for stratospheric (volcanic) aerosol optical depth for the time period 1979-2019. Source: <a href="https://asdc.larc.nasa.gov/project/GloSSAC/GloSSAC_1.0">https://asdc.larc.nasa.gov/project/GloSSAC/GloSSAC_1.0</a>, last accessed: 11 July 2023. The data has been normalized. The use of regressors is optional.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>For further details see Weyland et al. (2024).</p> <p><sup>1</sup>Note that the ERA-Interim time series ends in 2018 and that the MERRA-2 time series starts in 1980.</p> <p><sup>2</sup>For the time period 2000–2006, the sub-reanalysis ERA5.1 replaces ERA5, correcting the reanalysis for a cold bias in the lower stratosphere (Simmons et al., 2020).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>How to use – example: </strong></p> <p>Assuming you are interested in the LMS mass between a lower boundary (-lb, e.g., the lapse rate tropopause) and an upper boundary (-ub, e.g., the 380K isentrope) in ERA5 for the entire Northern hemisphere (-lat=NH) covering the time period 1979-2019:</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li> <p>Calculate the respective LMS mass timeseries:</p> <p><strong>$ python calc_LMS_mass.py -lb=lrtp_ERA5.nc -ub=p380K_ERA5.nc -latb=p350K_ERA5.nc -lat=NH -fout=LMS_mass_ERA5_lrtp_p380K_NH.nc</strong></p> <p>Isentropic pressure at 350K (-latb) is required to determine the lateral LMS boundary. The LMS mass time series together with an uncertainty estimate is saved to a netCDF file (-fout), e.g. „LMS_mass_ERA5_lrtp_p380K_NH.nc“.</p> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li> <p>Perform a DLM trend analysis for your LMS mass time series, here LMS_mass_ERA5_lrtp_p380K_NH.nc (-mf) :</p> <p>Download the DLM model code (dlmmc) from <a href="https://github.com/justinalsing/dlmmc">https://github.com/justinalsing/dlmmc</a> (Alsing 2019) and save the „dlmmc“ folder, containing the DLM modules in your working directory.</p> </li> </ul> <p><strong>$ python dlm_lms_mass.py -mf=LMS_mass_ERA5_lrtp_p380K_NH.nc -s=2000</strong></p> <p>In this example, the DLM will provide 2000 samples (-s) after an additional 1000 warm-up samples.</p> <p>The DLM time series, containing 2000 samples (-s) per time step, is saved to a netCDF file. The name of the output file can be specifyed with -fout. Default is „dlm_“ + mf, i.e. „dlm_ LMS_mass_ERA5_lrtp_p380K_NH.nc“ in this example.</p> <p>The function dlm_lms_mass.dlm_lms_mass contains an option to visualize the DLM result (plot=True). Furthermore, it can be specified whether the DLM should be run with regressors (use_regressors=True) or without regressors (use_regressors=False).</p> <p>See the DLM documentation (Laine et al. 2014, Alsing 2019) for further options.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Funding</strong>: This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – TRR 301 – Project-ID 428312742: “The tropopause region in a changing atmosphere”.</p>
Far-Ultraviolet Photometric Characteristics of JSC-1A and LMS-1 Lunar Regolith Simulants: Comparative Investigations with Apollo 10084
<p>The .txt files listed here contain the data used for Figure 3 and Supplemental Figure S3 of the paper titled "Far-Ultraviolet Photometric Characteristics of JSC-1A and LMS-1 Lunar Regolith Simulants: Comparative Investigations with Apollo 10084." The experimentally derived phase curves are contained in the files which have the material name (JSC-1A, LMS-1, or Apollo 10084) followed by the wavelength alone (Lyman-a, 140 nm, 160 nm) in the file name. All files with "Hapke" in the file name are the Hapke photometric model (Hapke, 2012) fitted phase curves for the associated experimental data. Two of the JSC-1A files have either "LT38" or "GT150" included in the file name; these are the sieved grain size category data referenced in S3.</p> <p>Also included are .txt files of the data points used in Figure 4 for the JSC-1A and LMS-1 simulants. These each have "Fig4" in the file name.</p>
Communion LMS Models
<p>B-Pillar Composite Patches Model (7 UD Tapes, No Metallic Patch Part)</p> <p>B-Pillar Composite Patch Model (Composite Patch Part instead of Metallic Patch Part)</p> <p>Spar Splice multi-material Model</p> <p>Laser Texturing Model</p>
Effectiveness of Sugammadex in LMS Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02329964. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
A Study of Unesbulin (PTC596) in Combination With Dacarbazine in Participants With Advanced Leiomyosarcoma (LMS)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03761095. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Study of AZD9291 in NSCLC Patients Harboring T790M Mutation Who Failed EGFR TKI and With Brain and/or LMS
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03257124. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.
Supplementary material 1 from: Crottini A, Rosa GM, Penny SG, Cocca W, Holderied MW, Rakotozafy LMS, Andreone F (2020) A new stump-toed frog from the transitional forests of NW Madagascar (Anura, Microhylidae, Cophylinae, Stumpffia). ZooKeys 933: 139-164. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.47619
Table S1
Figure 2 from: Crottini A, Rosa GM, Penny SG, Cocca W, Holderied MW, Rakotozafy LMS, Andreone F (2020) A new stump-toed frog from the transitional forests of NW Madagascar (Anura, Microhylidae, Cophylinae, Stumpffia). ZooKeys 933: 139-164. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.47619
Figure 2 50% majority rule consensus tree; Phylogram from a Bayesian Inference analysis of all the available nominal species and candidate new species of Clade A of the genus Stumpffia. Based on 1149 bp of the mitochondrial 3-16S and 5-16S gene fragments. Asterisks mark posterior probabilities: (*) 0.85–0.94, * 0.95–0.98, ** 0.99–1. Scale bar: 0.01 substitutions per site.
Figure 4 from: Crottini A, Rosa GM, Penny SG, Cocca W, Holderied MW, Rakotozafy LMS, Andreone F (2020) A new stump-toed frog from the transitional forests of NW Madagascar (Anura, Microhylidae, Cophylinae, Stumpffia). ZooKeys 933: 139-164. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.47619
Figure 4 Haplotype network reconstruction (based on 323 bp, haplotypes inferred using the Phase algorithm); all available Rag-1 sequences for the nominal and candidate new species of Clade A of the genus Stumpffia (sensuRakotoarison et al. 2017) were used. Small dots represent unsampled or extinct haplotypes, whereas bars represent mutational steps. Overlapping Rag-1 fragment of Stumpffia megsoni, S. sorata and S. sp. Ca07 were not available.
Figure 1 from: Crottini A, Rosa GM, Penny SG, Cocca W, Holderied MW, Rakotozafy LMS, Andreone F (2020) A new stump-toed frog from the transitional forests of NW Madagascar (Anura, Microhylidae, Cophylinae, Stumpffia). ZooKeys 933: 139-164. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.47619
Figure 1 Life colouration of Stumpffia froschaueri sp. nov. A dorsolateral view of holotype ZSM 169/2019 (ACZCV 0940) from Anketsakely (Anabohazo Forest) B dorsolateral view of paratype ZSM 166/2019 (ACZCV 0939) from Ankarafa Forest C dorsolateral view of paratype ZSM 168/2019 (ACZCV 0966) from Ankarafa Forest D dorsolateral view of paratype ZSM 167/2019 (ACZCV 0968) from Ankarafa Forest. Pictures by Gonçalo M. Rosa
Figure 3 from: Crottini A, Rosa GM, Penny SG, Cocca W, Holderied MW, Rakotozafy LMS, Andreone F (2020) A new stump-toed frog from the transitional forests of NW Madagascar (Anura, Microhylidae, Cophylinae, Stumpffia). ZooKeys 933: 139-164. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.933.47619
Figure 3 Voucher colouration of Stumpffia froschaueri sp. nov. A dorsal and B ventral views of the preserved holotype of Stumpffia froschaueri (ZSM 169/2019; ACZCV 0940), and ventral surfaces of C hand and D foot. Scale bars: 10 mm; hand and foot not to scale.
Interference between LMS and FS at 300GHz
<p>Desired-to-undesired ratio (D/U) defined by the ratio of the short distance LMS signal power and the FS signal power, detected by an LMS receiver, as a function of a beam direction difference.</p> <p>Carrier frequency: 300GHz (both for LMS and FS)</p> <p>Antenna gain: 50dBi (FS), 30dBi (LMS)</p> <p>Transmission power: 20dBm (FS), 10dBm(LMS)</p> <p>Distance: 300m (FS), 1m(LMS)</p> <p>This data can be obtained by using the following ITU-R recommendations.</p> <p>[1] Report ITU-R F.2416, Technical and operational characteristics and applications of the point-to-point fixed service applications operating in the frequency band 275-450 GHz</p> <p>[2] Report ITU-R SM.2450-0 Sharing and compatibility studies between land-mobile, fixed and passive services in the frequency range 275-450 GHz.</p> <p>[3] Recommendation ITU-R P.676-11, Attenuation by atmospheric gases and related effects</p> <p>[4] Recommendation ITU-R P.835-5, Reference Standard Atmospheres</p> <p>[5] Recommendation ITU-R F.699-8, Reference radiation patterns for fixed wireless system antennas for use in coordination studies and interference assessment in the frequency range from 100 MHz to 86 GHz</p> <p>[6] Recommendation ITU-R P.838-3, Specific attenuation model for rain for use in prediction methods.</p> <p> </p>
ACloud LMS Testbed
<p>The testbed that LMS set up under the framework of EIT Manufacturing project ACloud.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Radulovici AE, Vieira PE, Duarte S, Teixeira MAL, Borges LMS, Deagle BE, Majaneva S, Redmond N, Schultz JA, Costa FO (2021) Revision and annotation of DNA barcode records for marine invertebrates: report of the 8 th iBOL conference hackathon. Metabarcoding and Metagenomics 5: e67862. https://doi.org/10.3897/mbmg.5.67862
Figure S1 and Tables S1–S10
Figure 1 from: Perrella DF, Davanço PV, Oliveira LS, Sousa LMS, Francisco MR (2017) Reproductive aspects of the Purple-throated Euphonia, Euphonia chlorotica (Aves: Fringillidae) in southeastern Brazil, and first record of the species nesting inside a vespiary. Zoologia 34: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e19989
Figure 1 - Monthly distribution of breeding activity of the Purple-throated Euphonia, from construction to nestling care, throughout three breeding seasons pooled together (2007/2008, 2008/2009, and 2009/2010).
Figures 2-5 from: Perrella DF, Davanço PV, Oliveira LS, Sousa LMS, Francisco MR (2017) Reproductive aspects of the Purple-throated Euphonia, Euphonia chlorotica (Aves: Fringillidae) in southeastern Brazil, and first record of the species nesting inside a vespiary. Zoologia 34: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.34.e19989
Figures 2-5 Nest, eggs and nestlings of the Purple-throated Euphonia. (2) A typical nest, globular with a lateral entrance, made of dry vegetal material kept together with spider web silk. (3) Partial view of the head of a female sitting in the incubatory chamber of an atypical nest constructed inside a vespiary. (4) Eggs are typically pyriform, with brownish marks that may be more or less concentrated around the large pole. (5) Older nestlings beg for food at nest entrance, showing their red mouth lining and white oral flanges to their mother.
LMS Student Dataset
<p>This is a student dataset used for recommendation of courses in an LMS.</p>
A Study of Unesbulin in Participants With Advanced Leiomyosarcoma (LMS)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05269355. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 12. Publications: 0.
Transcriptome analysis of RNA-sequencing data for 2-D08-treated SK-LMS-1 cells
GEO Series GSE264332. Homo sapiens. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Phase II Trial of Ribociclib and Everolimus in Advanced Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma (DDL) and Leiomyosarcoma (LMS)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03114527. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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