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Fig. 4 in Iniistius bakunawa, a new species of razor wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) from the Philippines and Western Australia

Fig. 4. Anterior gill rakers on a portion of the ceratobranchial of the first gill arch of Iniistius bakunawa, new species. Illustration based on the KAUM-I. 80684 paratype. Scale bar represents 2 mm.

Fig. 3 in Iniistius bakunawa, a new species of razor wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) from the Philippines and Western Australia

Fig. 3. Iniistius bakunawa, new species, A–C, freshly dead specimens showing colouration in life; and D–F, X-rays. A, USNM 435404, paratype, 162.4 mm SL, Cebu Island, Philippines; B, USNM 437745, paratype, 155.1 mm SL, Panay Island, Philippines; C, USNM 437747, paratype, 158.8 mm SL, Panay Island, Philippines; D, CSIRO H 1488-1, paratype, 129.8 mm SL, off northwest Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia; E, CSIRO H 1506-1, paratype, 144.5 mm SL, off northern Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia; F, KAUM-I. 80684, paratype, 172.0 mm SL, Panay Island, Philippines. Photographs by J.T. Williams. X-rays provided by K. Parkinson.

Fig. 2 in Iniistius bakunawa, a new species of razor wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) from the Philippines and Western Australia

Fig. 2. Iniistius bakunawa new species, freshly dead paratypes from Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia, showing colouration in life. A, CSIRO H 1488-1, paratype, 129.8 mm SL; B, CSIRO H 1506-1, paratype, 144.5 mm SL. Note the concentric black and white ellipsoid dorsal-fin ocellus characteristic of this species. Photographs by G. Johnson, CSIRO. Images provided by CSIRO Australian National Fish Collection.

Fig. 1 in Iniistius bakunawa, a new species of razor wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) from the Philippines and Western Australia

Fig. 1. Iniistius bakunawa new species, KAUM-I. 80684, paratype, 172.0 mm SL, Panay Island, Philippines. A, Freshly dead specimen showing colouration in life; B, same specimen in preservation. Note the concentric black and white ellipsoid dorsal-fin ocellus characteristic of this species. Photographs by H. Motomura (A) and Y.K. Tea (B).

Fig. 5 in Iniistius bakunawa, a new species of razor wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) from the Philippines and Western Australia

Fig. 5. Known locality records for type specimens of Iniistius bakunawa, new species. The type locality is represented by an outlined symbol. Records from the Philippines are based on material obtained from fish markets.

Fig. 5 in First Specimen-based Record of Ammolabrus dicrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from Japanese Waters, with Notes on Morphological Ontogenetic Changes and Geographic Variation

Fig. 5. Semi-schematic illustration of head of Ammolabrus dicrus, showing positions of cephalic sensory canals (KAUM–I. 99313, 21.4 mm SL). Scale bar 1 mm.

Fig. 4 in First Specimen-based Record of Ammolabrus dicrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from Japanese Waters, with Notes on Morphological Ontogenetic Changes and Geographic Variation

Fig. 4. Relationships of (A) number of gill rakers, (B) body depth, (C) caudal-peduncle length, and (D) orbit diameter to SL in Japanese (stars) and Hawaiian (circles) specimens of Ammolabrus dicrus. Open circle indicates holotype.

Fig. 2 in First Specimen-based Record of Ammolabrus dicrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from Japanese Waters, with Notes on Morphological Ontogenetic Changes and Geographic Variation

Fig. 2. Ammolabrus dicrus from Taketomi Island, Yaeyama Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. A, specimen photograph (KAUM–I. 99314, 18.4 mm SL); B, underwater photograph of same individual as in A, 12 m; photo by T. Uchida.

Fig. 1 in First Specimen-based Record of Ammolabrus dicrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from Japanese Waters, with Notes on Morphological Ontogenetic Changes and Geographic Variation

Fig. 1. Underwater photograph of a small school of Ammolabrus dicrus at a depth of 12 m off Taketomi Island, Yaeyama Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Japan; photo by K. Sodo.

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Concordance and discordance in the phylogenomics of the wrasses and parrotfishes (Teleostei: Labridae)

<p>Phylogenomic analysis of large genome-wide sequence data sets can resolve phylogenetic tree topologies for large species groups, help test the accuracy of and improve resolution for earlier multilocus studies, and reveal the level of agreement or concordance within partitions of the genome for various tree topologies. Here we used a target-capture approach to sequence more than 1,000 single-copy exons for more than 200 labrid fishes together with more than 100 outgroup taxa to generate a new data-rich phylogeny for the family Labridae. Our time-calibrated phylogenetic analysis of exon-capture data pushes the root node age of the family Labridae back into the Cretaceous to about 79 Ma years ago. The monotypic Centrogenys vaigiensis, and the order Uranoscopiformes (stargazers) are identified as the sister lineages of Labridae. The phylogenetic relationships among major labrid subfamilies and within these clades was largely congruent with prior analyses of select mitochondrial and nuclear datasets. However, the position of the tribe Cirrhilabrini (fairy and flame wrasses) showed discordance, resolving either as the sister to a crown julidine clade or alternatively sister to a group formed by the labrines, cheilines and scarines. Exploration of this pattern using multiple approaches leads to slightly higher support for this latter hypothesis, highlighting the importance of genome-level data sets for resolving short internodes at key phylogenetic positions in large, economically important groups of coral reef fishes.</p>

Figure 47. Choerodon zosterophorus. A in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 47. Choerodon zosterophorus. A, Juvenile, USNM 436349, 43 mm SL, Oriental Mindoro, Puerto Galera, Philippines, photo by J. Williams, USNM; B, Initial phase adult, Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines, photo by P. Ryan; C, Terminal phase adult, USNM 378714, 124 mm SL, Buyallao Island off SE Mindoro, Philippines, photo by J. Williams, USNM.

Figure 46 in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 46. Distribution of Choerodon sugillatum based on specimens examined (coloured) and collection registration records (white).

Figure 45. Choerodon sugillatum. Terminal phase adult, CSIRO H 3897-04, 135 in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 45. Choerodon sugillatum. Terminal phase adult, CSIRO H 3897-04, 135 mm SL, Pollard Channel, Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia, 11° 51.51' S, 143° 27.83' E, photo by T. Carter, CSIRO.

Figure 43. Choerodon margaritiferus. A in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 43. Choerodon margaritiferus. A, Initial phase adult, USNM 435387, 114 mm SL, Cebu, Kawit, Medellin, Visayan Sea, Philippines, photo by J. Williams, USNM; B, Terminal phase adult, USNM 435389, 115 mm SL, Kawit, Medellin, Visayan Sea, Cebu, Philippines, photo by J. Williams, USNM.

Figure 41. Choerodon jordani. A in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 41. Choerodon jordani. A, Juvenile, Manabe, Kii Peninsula, Japan, photo by K. Yamasaki; B, Juvenile, Mana Island, Fiji, photo by K. Uchino; C, Initial phase adult, KPM-NI 19119, 98.0 mm SL, Miyako Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, photo by H. Senou, KPM; D, Terminal phase adult, KPM-NI 30612, 124 mm SL, Motobu, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, photo by H. Senou, KPM.

Figure 42 in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 42. Distributions of Choerodon jordani (circles) and C. zosterophorus (squares) based on specimens examined (coloured) and collection registration records (white).

Figure 40 in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 40. Distributions of Choerodon gymnogenys (circles) and C. skaiopygmaeus sp. nov. (squares) based on specimens examined.

Figure 27. Choerodon fasciatus. A in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 27. Choerodon fasciatus. A, Juvenile, BPBM 27100, 35 mm SL, New Caledonia, photo by J. Randall, BPBM; B, Initial phase adult, BPBM 41249, 140 mm SL, Lizard Island, photo by J. Randall, BPBM; C, MNHN 1980-0782, 162 mm SL, New Caledonia, photo by J. Randall, BPBM.

Figure 35 in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 35. Choerodon aurulentus sp. nov. Paratype, NSMT-P 122932, 177 mm SL, Western South Pacific, New Zealand, Norfolk Ridge, 28° 44.4' S, 167° 55' E, photo compliments of Far Seas Fisheries Laboratory, Japan.

Figure 23. Choerodon robustus. A in A review of the tuskfishes, genus Choerodon (Labridae, Perciformes), with descriptions of three new species

Figure 23. Choerodon robustus. A, Initial phase adult, CSIRO H 7989-01, 146 mm SL, Pelabuhanratu, West Java, Indonesia, photo by W. White, CSIRO; B, Presumed initial phase adult, Oman, photo by K. Wilson; C, Terminal phase adult, MZB 23115, 220 mm SL, Pelabuhanratu, West Java, Indonesia, photo by W. White, CSIRO.