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153 results for “Lake effect”
Perry et al. (2025) Data Package: Effects of diluted bitumen and remediation methods on lower trophic levels within boreal lake enclosures. Data were collected during 2019 at the IISD Experimental Lakes Area in Northwestern Ontario.
This data package corresponds to a research study by Perry et al. (2025) titled "The effects of diluted bitumen, the shoreline cleaner Corexit EC9580A, and bio-stimulation on the lower food web of a boreal lake, with a focus on natural phytoplankton communities." The study examines the effect of controlled spills of diluted bitumen and two remediation methods on lower trophic levels (phytoplankton, periphyton, zooplankton). The study was undertaken within shoreline enclosures within Lake 260 at the IISD Experimental Lakes Area during 2019. In addition to primary oil recovery using sorbent pads, the two secondary remediation methods: 1) enhanced monitoring natural recovery (eMNR) that included the biostimulation of microbial communities via a slow release nutrient fertilizer, and 2) a shoreline washing agent (SWA or SCA; Corexit 9580) used to increase oil removal from affected shorelines. This data package includes the response of perphyton and zooplankton.
Herb Survey: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER: Aquatic heatwave effects on chlorophyll 2008-2019
Temperature and chlorophyll data were collated from multiple datasets to identify the effects of aquatic heatwaves on phytoplankton in three north temperate lakes, Peter Lake, Paul Lake, and Tuesday Lake between 2008 and 2019. Heatwaves were identified using a water temperature model constructed from temperature data from Sparkling Lake and Woodruff Airport between 1989 and 2022. Heatwave characteristics, water color, nutrients, grazing, and lake stability data are included to relate chlorophyll response to heatwaves to other conditions associated with a set of whole-lake experiments. The food web of Peter Lake was manipulated with largemouth bass additions between 2008 and 2011. Nutrient additions were made to Peter Lake and Tuesday Lake between 2013 and 2015, and again in Peter Lake in 2019. Paul Lake was always maintained as an unmanipulated reference lake. Full descriptions of the experiments can be found in Szydlowski et al., "Aquatic heatwaves increase surface chlorophyll concentrations in experimental and reference lakes."
Effects of shading on tundra vegetation senescence at Toolik Lake, Coldfoot, Sagwon - Alaska 2016
Data on the effects of shading tundra vegetation from the sun when it is low in on the horizon in the north. If light quality was altered through shading, phenology might be affected. Senescence (color change) was measured for the common tundra species.
Effects of 2015 experimental burn on Eriophorum vaginatum at Toolik Lake Field Station, Alaska 2016
This was an experimental burn conducted in the summer of 2015 to provide sites for an experiment to see whether seeds of Eriophorum vaginatum from different ecotypes could establish in recently burned areas. It consisted of ten 2 meter X 2 meter plots along with a similar number of control plots. There was little seedling establishment but other data have been collected on the plots.
Model Simulations of The Effects of Shifts in High-frequency Weather Variability (No Long-term Weather Trend) Control Carbon Loss from Land to the Atmosphere, Toolik Lake, Alaska, 2022-2122
Climate change is increasing extreme weather events, but effects on high-frequency weather variability and the resultant impacts on ecosystem function are poorly understood. We assessed ecosystem responses of arctic tundra to changes in day-to-day weather variability using a biogeochemical model and stochastic simulations of daily temperature, precipitation, and light. Changes in weather variability altered ecosystem carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stocks and cycling rates. Some responses of processes (e.g., respiration) were inconsistent with expectations, indicating that whole-ecosystem interactions and feedbacks moderate or even reverse responses to weather variability. More weather variability led to greater carbon losses from land to atmosphere, and less variability led to higher carbon sequestration on land. The magnitude of response to weather variability was similar to that predicted from climate mean trend effects. This dataset consists of the MEL parameter file, driver files and output files for simulations without a long term weather trend.
Model Simulations of The Effects of Shifts in High-frequency Weather Variability (With a Long-term Trend) on Carbon Loss from Land to the Atmosphere, Toolik Lake, Alaska, 2022-2122
Climate change is increasing extreme weather events, but effects on high-frequency weather variability and the resultant impacts on ecosystem function are poorly understood. We assessed ecosystem responses of arctic tundra to changes in day-to-day weather variability using a biogeochemical model and stochastic simulations of daily temperature, precipitation, and light. Changes in weather variability altered ecosystem carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stocks and cycling rates. Some responses of processes (e.g., respiration) were inconsistent with expectations, indicating that whole-ecosystem interactions and feedbacks moderate or even reverse responses to weather variability. More weather variability led to greater carbon losses from land to atmosphere, and less variability led to higher carbon sequestration on land. The magnitude of response to weather variability was similar to that predicted from climate mean trend effects. This dataset consists of the MEL parameter file, driver files and output files for simulations with a long-term weather trend.
Modeling the effects of lake morphology on chloride retention and salt-driven stratification in two urban lakes in St. Paul, MN
Road salt inputs have caused widespread salinization of urban lakes in northern temperate regions. Watershed characteristics are known to be important drivers of lake chloride concentrations, but there has been less focus on how lake morphometry influences seasonal and interannual dynamics in lake chloride, and how these chloride levels may alter mixing in the water column. We analyzed chloride retention for two urban lakes (Como Lake and Lake McCarrons) in Saint Paul, Minnesota, that are in adjacent watersheds and have similar surface areas, but differ in depth and water residence time. Summer chloride concentrations were negatively related to total summer precipitation for Como Lake (maximum depth 2.2 m), but the relationship was less strong for Lake McCarrons (maximum depth 7.6 m). We used a zero-dimensional model to simulate chloride dynamics in both lakes and tracked the fate of chloride over time. In Como Lake, the mass of chloride in the lake turns over within three years, whereas chloride inputs are retained for >10 years in Lake McCarrons. We then used a one-dimensional hydrodynamic lake model (GLM-AED) to examine how lake depth affects how current chloride loading rates alter lake mixing. Salt inputs significantly extended the duration of summer stratification for simulated lakes with depths of 8 m or more, and salt inputs increased the number of days of hypoxia and anoxia across all depths. These results underscore the importance of considering lake morphometry in understanding the effects of salt inputs on lake ecosystems.
Sherbo et al. 2023 Data Package. Data associated with study assessing effects of dissolved organic matter on phytoplankton productivity in boreal lakes. The majority of data was collected in 2018 at the IISD Experimental Lakes Area in Northwestern Ontario
Allochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM) structures many physical, chemical, and biological properties of lakes, including key variables that control productivity at the base of freshwater food webs. We examined phytoplankton biomass and productivity and their drivers, across eight pristine boreal lakes with DOM ranging from 3.5 to 9.5 mg DOC L-1. Increases in DOM were associated with significant increases in epilimnetic nitrogen, phosphorus and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations suggesting that nutrients associated with DOM stimulate phytoplankton biomass and productivity. Such results were misleading; there was no significant relationship between Chl a and phytoplankton biomass measured via microscopy, and results did not incorporate the effects of DOM on thermocline and euphotic depth. Chl a:biomass and Chl a: carbon ratios indicated that increases in Chl a with DOM were driven by photo-acclimation to declining light availability. Increases. Further, increases in DOM led to large declines in thermocline (~50 %) and euphotic (~75 %) depths, and depth-integrated phytoplankton biomass and primary production (~70 %).
Density-dependent effects of exotic brook trout on aquatic communities in mountain lakes revealed by environmental DNA and morphological taxonomy
Invasion of non-native fishes threatens freshwater biodiversity worldwide. Yet, detailed estimates of population demography for invasive species, that estimate population size and body size of the invasive species, are rarely integrated in evaluating aquatic community responses. Our study capitalized on detailed brook trout population demographic data collected for a replicated whole lake ecosystem experiment involving experimental harvesting of exotic brook trout in nine mountain lakes. We applied environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and morphological taxonomy to examine the response of crustacean zooplankton and macroinvertebrate communities to gradients in brook trout effective density and lake elevation. Density-dependent effects of brook trout on crustacean zooplankton and macroinvertebrate communities were detected even decades after their first introductions (between 1926 and 1980). However, they were moderated by environmental factors such as elevation, lake maximum depth and dissolved organic carbon. Elevation was important in structuring crustacean zooplankton and macroinvertebrate community composition. While there were differences in explanatory variables when describing communities characterized by eDNA metabarcoding and morphological taxonomy, the principal environmental factors that structured the communities were similar. Our paper highlights persisting density-dependent impacts of exotic trout on invertebrate communities even decades after first introduction, and it considers the conservation implications for lake restoration.
Land use and management effects on soil carbon in the Lake States, Northern United States - Nave, et al 2022
There is growing need to quantify and communicate how land use and management activities influence soil organic carbon (SOC) at scales relevant to, and in the tangible control of landowners and forest managers. The continued proliferation of publications and growth of datasets, data synthesis and meta-analysis approaches allows the application of powerful tools to such questions at ever finer scales. In this analysis, we combined a literature review and effect-size meta-analysis with two large, independent, observational databases to assess how land use and management impact SOC stocks, primarily with regards to forest land uses. We performed this work for the (Great Lakes) Lake States, which comprise 6% of the land area, but 7% of the forest and 9% of the forest SOC in the U.S., as the second in a series of ecoregional SOC assessments. Most importantly, our analysis indicates that natural factors, such as soil texture and parent material, exert more control over SOC stocks than land use or management. With that for context, our analysis also indicates which natural factors most influence management impacts on SOC storage. We report an overall trend of significantly diminished topsoil SOC stocks with harvesting, consistent across all three datasets, while also demonstrating how certain sites and soils diverge from this pattern, including some that show opposite trends. Impacts of fire grossly mirror those of harvesting, with declines near the top of the profile, but potential gains at depth and no net change when considering the whole profile. Land use changes showing significant SOC impacts are limited to reforestation on barren mining substrates (large and variable gains) and conversion of native forest to cultivation (losses). We describe patterns within the observational data that reveal the physical basis for preferential land use, e.g., cultivation of soils with the most favorable physical properties, and forest plantation establishment on the most marginal so
Comparing effects of auditory and visual disturbances on smallmouth bass parental care behaviors during the summer of 2025 at Douglas Lake, Michigan, USA
A prevalent source of sensory pollution within aquatic systems is recreational motorboats that can impact aquatic organisms through several exposure mechanisms. Auditory and visual sensory disturbances are particularly important as fish may utilize these cues during critical reproductive behaviors such as parental care. Here, we conducted a field study in Douglas Lake, Michigan, and located wild smallouth bass nests actively guarded by males. We exposed smallmouth bass to two sequential treatments of playback auditory noise and visual disturbances. Using an underwater drone, parental care behaviors of smallmouth bass were monitored before, during, and after both auditory and visual disturbances. The results show that auditory and visual disturbances may alter smallmouth bass parental care behaviors differently.
Litter biomass: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Tree survey: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Effects of DOM on benthic algae in northern lakes
<p><em>Differences in dissolved organic matter among lakes can impact the ecology of benthic primary producers by altering the availability of nutrients (positive relationship with DOM) and light (negative relationship with DOM). While these effects and their interaction has been explored for pelagic algae through field and modeling studies, the effects of DOM on production by benthic algae is less well understood. This dataset represents a field-based experiment to investigate the pattern in benthic algal growth and nutrient limitation along a regional DOM gradient among lakes in Boreal and Arctic Sweden. </em></p>
Direct and indirect effects of climate and land use change on food webs in lakes and streams
<p>Here, we provide the data and code necessary to reproduce the workflow and analysis in: Barbosa and Siqueira. Direct and indirect effects of climate and land use change on food webs in lakes and streams. A preprint is available at https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.18.488700</p> <p>We compiled multicontinental data to investigate how climate and land use change are related to the structure of freshwater food webs, considering the inherent differences in lentic and lotic ecosystems. We analyzed the direct and indirect relationships between land use intensity, and temperature and precipitation changes, and food webs using multi-group structural equation modeling. Freshwater food webs were obtained from three sources: the Mangal interaction database, using the rmangal package in R, the GlobAl databasE of traits and food Web Architecture (GATEWAY) version 1.0, and the Interaction Web Data Base (IWDB). We also included food webs acquired from a search in the Web of Science Core Collection. Land use data was compiled from the global ESA CCI database, an annually generated land cover product at 300 m resolution for the period 1992 – 2015. Climate data was compiled from the TerraClimate database, a monthly generated product for climate and climatic water balance for global terrestrial surfaces at ~ 4 km for the period 1958 – 2015. </p>
Study of wildfire smoke effects on ecosystem metabolism in 10 California lakes (2018, 2020, 2021)
This dataset was collected as part of a large-scale study to assess impacts of smoke cover on gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (R) in California lakes. The 10 study lakes span large gradients in elevation, size, nutrient concentrations, and water clarity. They include 5 ponds and lakes in Sequoia National Park, Lake Tahoe, Dulzura Lake, Clear Lake, Castle Lake, and a site in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. Metabolic rates in the upper mixed layer of each lake was estimated from hourly in-situ sensor data during the three smokiest years in California since 2006 (2018, 2020, 2021). The dataset includes daily estimates of GPP and R, mean daily values of variables used in metabolism models (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, mixed layer depth, photosynthetically active radiation, wind speed), and mean daily values of metrics related to smoke cover (shortwave radiation, PM2.5, smoke density derived from remote-sensing).
Higgins et al. 2024 study on dissolved organic matter controls and effects at the IISD Experimental Lakes Area, Northwestern Ontario, Canada, 1970-2019
This dataset represents long-term ecological reserch data collected at the IISD Experimental Lakes Area, Northwestern Ontario, Canada (1970 - 2019) used to support a research study reported in (Higgins et al. 2024). The study examines the relationships between long-term changes in precipitation, dissolved organic matter (DOM) loading and lake concentrations, and various physical, chemical and biological indicators.
Macrosystems EDDIE Module 1: Climate Change Effects on Lake Temperatures
Climate change is modifying the thermal structure of lakes around the globe. Because it is difficult to predict how lakes will respond to the many different aspects of climate change (e.g., altered temperature, precipitation, wind, etc.), many researchers are using models to manipulate climate scenarios and simulate lake responses. Lake simulation models provide a powerful tool for exploring the sensitivity of lake thermal structure characteristics to weather. In this module, students will learn how to set up a lake model (General Lake Model; GLM) and "force" the model with climate scenarios of their own design to test hypotheses about how lakes may change in the future. Once students have mastered running one climate scenario for their lake, they will learn how to use distributed computing tools to scale up and run hundreds of different climate scenarios for their lakes. The overarching goal of this module is for students to explore new modeling and computing tools while learning fundamental concepts about how climate change will affect lakes. The A-B-C structure of this module makes it flexible and adaptable to a range of student levels and course structures. This dataset contains instructional materials and the files necessary to run the complete module. Readers are referred to the GLM science manual (Hipsey et al. 2014) for further details on model configuration.
Effect of varying post field collection filtration times on lake water nutrient analysis for Green Lake 3 and Green Lake 4, 2025.
After field collection, filtration time on lake and stream samples can vary. To test how this affects nutrient measurements we filtered samples from Green Lakes 3 and 4 at the time of collection in the field, immediately upon returning to the lab, 24 hours, and 48 hours after collection. Samples were then frozen and analyzed for chloride, nitrate and sulfate. Chloride and nitrate were below detection limits so only sulfate is reported. There was no statistically significant loss of sulfate as time progressed, indicating current filtration methods (<48 hours after collection) are acceptable for samples being analyzed via ion chromatography.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.