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13 results for “Land leech”
Data from: Nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal the regional genetic structure and phylogeographical history of a sanguivorous land leech, Haemadipsa japonica, in Japan
Recent molecular studies have indicated that phylogeographical history of Japanese biota is likely shaped by geohistory along with biological events, such as distribution shifts, isolation, and divergence of populations. However, the genetic structure and phylogeographical history of terrestrial Annelida species, including leech species, are poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to understand the genetic structure and phylogeographical history across the natural range of Haemadipsa japonica, a sanguivorous land leech species endemic to Japan, by using nine polymorphic nuclear microsatellites (nSSR) and cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI) sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Analyses using nSSR revealed that H. japonica exhibited a stronger regional genetic differentiation among populations (G'ST = 0.77) than other animal species, probably because of the low mobility of land leech. Analyses using mtDNA indicated that H. japonica exhibited two distinct lineages (A and B), which were estimated to have diverged in the middle Pleistocene and probably because of range fragmentation resulting from climatic change and glacial and interglacial cycles. Lineage A was widely distributed across Japan, and lineage B was found in southwestern Japan. Analyses using nSSR revealed that lineage A was roughly divided into two population groups (i.e., northeastern and southwestern Japan); these analyses also revealed a gradual decrease in genetic diversity with increasing latitude in lineage A and a strong genetic drift in populations of northeastern Japan. Combined with the largely unresolved shallow polytomies from the mtDNA phylogeny, these results implied that lineage A may have undergone a rapid northward migration, probably during the Holocene. Then, the regional genetic structure with local unique gene pools may have been formed within each lineage because of the low mobility of this leech species.
FIGURE 1 in Vampire in the darkness: a new genus and species of land leech exclusively bloodsucking cave-dwelling bats from China (Hirudinda: Arhynchobdellida: Haemadipsidae)
FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Haemadipsidae species represented in China. Distribution data on species other than Sinospelaeobdella gen. n. spp. are based on Yang (1996), Chen et al. (1998), Tan et al. (2000), Lai et al. (2011), Seo et al. (2013), Nakano (2017), Morishima et al. (2018). Species abbreviations used in the legend: SW: Sinospelaeobdella wulingensis sp. n., SC: S. cavatuses comb. n., TT: Tritetrabdella taiwana, HP: H. picta, HR: H. rjukjuana, HGC: H. guangchuanensis chuandianensis, HGG: H. g. guangchuanensis, HYB: H. yanbianensis, HYY: H. yanyuanensis, HS: H. sylvestris, HZA: H. zeylanica agilis, HZZ: H. z. zeylanica, HT: H. tianmushana, HH: H. hainana, HQ: H. qomolangma, HJ: H. japonica.
FIGURE 4 in Vampire in the darkness: a new genus and species of land leech exclusively bloodsucking cave-dwelling bats from China (Hirudinda: Arhynchobdellida: Haemadipsidae)
FIGURE 4. The dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views of Sinospelaeobdella wulingensis sp. n., and the specimen (HNSND1) deposited in 70% alcohol photographed before (A); the reproductive system of new species (B). Abbreviations: an, anus; ♂, male gonopore; ♀, female gonopore; cod, chief oviduct; de, ejaculatory duct; eb, ejaculatory bulb; ep, epididymis; o, ovary; od, oviduct; pr, prostate gland; ps, penis sac; t1, first pair of testes; va, vagina sac; vad, vaginal duct; vd, vas deferens.
FIGURE 6 in Vampire in the darkness: a new genus and species of land leech exclusively bloodsucking cave-dwelling bats from China (Hirudinda: Arhynchobdellida: Haemadipsidae)
FIGURE 6. Phylogenetic relationship of "Tritetrabdellinae" based COI sequences resolved using with MrBayes 3.2.6 (Ronquist et al. 2012). Two independent MCMC runs were run with the following parameters: 10 million gens, nst = 6, rates = gamma, sample frequency = 1/1,000, burn-in = 30%, and otherwise default. The length of branches is drawn to scale of genetic distance and the number over branches is posterior probability of a branch. The final tree was rooted with the outgroup (Chtonobdella sp.) based on published phylogeny of Haemadipsidae (Borda et al. 2008; Borda & Siddall, 2010). (S. = Sinospelaeobdella gen. n., T. = Tritetrabdella).
FIGURE 5 in Vampire in the darkness: a new genus and species of land leech exclusively bloodsucking cave-dwelling bats from China (Hirudinda: Arhynchobdellida: Haemadipsidae)
FIGURE 5. The four stages (A, mating behavior; B, external feature of reproductive individual; C, cocoon; D, larva) of life cycle in Sinospelaeobdella wulingensis sp. n. and blood-sucking on the hindfoot of Rhinolophus sinicus (E).
Data from: Nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal the regional genetic structure and phylogeographical history of a sanguivorous land leech, Haemadipsa japonica, in Japan
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FIGURE 3 in Vampire in the darkness: a new genus and species of land leech exclusively bloodsucking cave-dwelling bats from China (Hirudinda: Arhynchobdellida: Haemadipsidae)
FIGURE 3. Arrangement of eyes in S. wulingensis sp. n. (A) and S. cavatuses comb. n. (B).
Figure 3 from: Chen J, Lai Y, Nakano T (2011) Three species of land leeches from Taiwan, Haemadipsa rjukjuana comb. n., a new record for Haemadipsa picta Moore, and an updated description of Tritetrabdella taiwana (Oka). ZooKeys 139: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1711
Figure 3 - Tritetrabdella taiwana. A Dorsum. B Dorsal head. C Reproductive system. atr. Atrium; eb. Ejaculatory bulb; ep. Epididymis; ov. Ovary; vs. Vaginal sac. XI and XIX indicate the orders of the ganglia. Each scale indicates 1 mm in the Figure respectively.
Figure 2 from: Chen J, Lai Y, Nakano T (2011) Three species of land leeches from Taiwan, Haemadipsa rjukjuana comb. n., a new record for Haemadipsa picta Moore, and an updated description of Tritetrabdella taiwana (Oka). ZooKeys 139: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1711
Figure 2 - Haemadipsa picta. A Dorsum. B Dorsal head. C Reproductive system. atr. Atrium; eb. Ejaculatory bulb; ed. Ejaculatory duct; ep. Epididymis; ov. Ovary; te. Testisacs; vad. Vaginal duct; vd. Vas deferens; vs. Vaginal sac. XI and XV indicate the orders of the ganglia. Each scale indicates 1 mm in the figure respectively.
Figure 1 from: Chen J, Lai Y, Nakano T (2011) Three species of land leeches from Taiwan, Haemadipsa rjukjuana comb. n., a new record for Haemadipsa picta Moore, and an updated description of Tritetrabdella taiwana (Oka). ZooKeys 139: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1711
Figure 1 - Haemadipsa rjukjuana. A Dorsum. B Venter. C Dorsal head. D Venter of caudal sucker. E Reproductive system. atr. Atrium; cod. Common oviduct; eb. Ejaculatory bulb; ep. Epididymis; od. Oviduct; ov. Ovary; te. Testisacs; vad. Vaginal duct; vd. Vas deferens; vs. Vaginal sac. XI and XVI indicate the orders of the ganglia. Each scale indicates 1 mm in the Figure respectively.
Figure 5 from: Chen J, Lai Y, Nakano T (2011) Three species of land leeches from Taiwan, Haemadipsa rjukjuana comb. n., a new record for Haemadipsa picta Moore, and an updated description of Tritetrabdella taiwana (Oka). ZooKeys 139: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1711
Figure 5 - Neighbor joining tree of bloodfeeding land leeches based on COI sequences. Bootstrap values above 50 are shown. Specimens of Haemadipsa rjukjuana, Haemadipsa picta and Tritetrabdella taiwana from Taiwan are marked in bold.
Figure 4 from: Chen J, Lai Y, Nakano T (2011) Three species of land leeches from Taiwan, Haemadipsa rjukjuana comb. n., a new record for Haemadipsa picta Moore, and an updated description of Tritetrabdella taiwana (Oka). ZooKeys 139: 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1711
Figure 4 - The distribution map of collecting sites for the specimens of the three land leech species collected in recent surveys.
FIGURE 2 in Vampire in the darkness: a new genus and species of land leech exclusively bloodsucking cave-dwelling bats from China (Hirudinda: Arhynchobdellida: Haemadipsidae)
FIGURE 2. Comparison of reproductive gonopore locations between the three trignathous genera of Haemadipsidae sensu Borda & Siddall (2010), i.e., Haemadipsa (H. tianmushanensis) (A), Tritetrabdella (T. taiwana) [B (Nakano & Sung 2014)], and Sinospelaeobdella (S. wulingensis sp. n.) (C).
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