Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

How to produce a farm video - Legumes Translated online seminar

On September 1st, 2020 Legumes Translated and Thomas Alföldi of FiBL (Research Institute of Organic Agriculture) hosted an online seminar about the production of low-budget audio-visual material for research and innovation projects in the field of agriculture. In this webinar, affordable equipment for realising good quality videos are demonstrated and his experiences from planning, filming and editing videos are shared.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Regional legumes in pig feeding

Andreas Müller, farm manager of Müller Stiftsgrundhof GbR in Backnang, Germany, feeds his 800 fattening pigs, as well as 170 sows including piglets, completely with regional feed. The feed for his animals is largely produced on his own farm. In agriculture, Mr. Müller follows the approaches of regenerative agriculture. The farm has been using a variety of catch crops for 40 years. On 6.5 hectares, he grows alfalfa, which he processes into silage. Lucerne silage keeps the digestive system of our domestic pig healthy by meeting its raw fiber requirements. In addition, this legume contributes to a certain extent to the protein supply of the animals and has a positive effect on the arable soils. The webinar video is in German, with subtitles available in German and English.

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

Einführung in den Legume Hub

Was genau ist der Legume Hub? Für wen ist er gedacht? Wie können Sie sich beteiligen? Die Antworten finden Sie in diesem kurzen Video, welches einen Einblick in den Legume Hub bietet. Besuchen Sie den Legume Hub: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=QUFFLUhqbDdod2VuNTBnZ1laWk9sd0FDOVZPM0RIM0lBQXxBQ3Jtc0trdlpCSklwYjFZTWhPQmhIQ2xoakFBRVVtZkFIWHdFa3E0alRjQ2ZuekxpXzBPQ0NBQW52bjJPRUd3aERqU3B0blZxTXVNQVJCc2FKTGo1dXV2cEtSenljQXRHUWhaWkJqRkoyTlczdzM4OWx3VWxObw&q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legumehub.eu%2F&v=qT8iWZl0irs">https://www.legumehub.eu</a>

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

Introduction to the Legume Hub

What is the Legume Hub? Who does it serve? How can you get involved? Get the answers in this short video, introducing the Legume Hub. Visit the Legume Hub: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=QUFFLUhqblU0aGlnc0lheUhpbExxQ3djVWhwSXBkZzFMZ3xBQ3Jtc0trOGduVGNhTENnS1o0RjFIVmJhbWN2Z2xrQ1BBQ00zcGpQa3AxRHp6ZTlOZmdSa240eXRoMkEwLUVIRk5QdlJvdTZEekN5VERCU05NWkdfRlU5bzhzbGJSVGtVZUNrLUxkQzE4Sll2cl9JOGlMWXBTWQ&q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legumehub.eu%2F&v=L5EHlUucKyU">https://www.legumehub.eu</a>

edi44/100

Data and code from: A mixture of grass-legume cover crop species may ameliorate water stress in a changing climate, a greenhouse experiment at Dickinson College in Carlisle, PA, USA, 2021.

Data and R code associated with a greenhouse study investigating the influence of water stress on growth, root traits, and biomass of rye and crimson clover seedlings grown separately or together. Data were collected in the Dr. Inge P. Stafford Greenhouse of Dickinson College (Carlisle PA, USA) in June 2021.

openCC (other)Jul 2024View details →

opencc-by-sa-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Supplementary material for: "Seeds adapted to mixed cropping increase yield and drought resistance of cereal-legume mixtures"

Supplementary material for the research article: "Seeds adapted to mixed cropping increase yield and drought resistance of cereal-legume mixtures". <ul> <li>Raw data</li> <li>R analysis code</li> <li>Statistical analysis info: ANOVA and Tukey comparisons tables</li> </ul>   Abstract: Cropland diversification through mixed cropping has the potential of achieving a more sustainable agriculture while securing food production. This is of special relevance with climate change and the expected drier growing conditions in the future. Seed adaptation to this cropping method is hypothesised to be a fundamental factor to maximise these benefits, as well as the particular species combined. In this study we compared the performance of four cereal-legume mixed crops (wheat and oat mixed with lupin and lentil in pairs) with their respective monocrops. Each crop was sown using seeds adapted to monoculture and mixed cropping, respectively. Moreover, they were grown under early-season and late-season drought treatments and under control conditions. We measured above-ground vegetative biomass, seed yield and harvest index to evaluate crop production, drought resistance and the effect of seed adaptation on each mixed and monocrop. Our results show that mixed cropping either had a beneficial or neutral effect on crop yield, depending on the species combination and drought conditions, but harvest index was generally higher in monocrops. We also confirmed that seed adaptation to a particular type of cropping is clearly a determining factor in its performance. In accordance with the insurance hypothesis, mixed cropping has the effect of protecting crop yields in the case of a sudden bad performance of one of the species, for example, caused by adverse environmental conditions. It is necessary to focus on effective species combinations which have the best responses to mixed cropping. We show for the first time that wheat-lentil mixtures performed poorly, while wheat-lupin showed the most promising results improving yield and drought resistance. Oat mixed crops did not show differences with the respective monocrops, so they can be a viable cropping option as well and benefit from advantages of crop diversity not measured in this study.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Negotiating mutualism: a locus for exploitation by rhizobia has a broad effect size distribution and context-dependent effects on legume hosts

In mutualisms, variation at genes determining partner fitness provides the raw material upon which coevolutionary selection acts, setting the dynamics and pace of coevolution. However, we know little about variation in the effects of genes that underlie symbiotic fitness in natural mutualist populations. In some species of legumes that form root nodule symbioses with nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria, hosts secrete nodule-specific cysteine-rich (NCR) peptides that cause rhizobia to differentiate in the nodule environment. However, rhizobia can cleave NCR peptides through the expression of genes like the plasmid-borne Host range restriction peptidase (hrrP), whose product degrades target NCR peptides. Although hrrP activity can confer host exploitation by depressing host fitness and enhancing symbiont fitness, the effects of hrrP on symbiosis phenotypes depend strongly on the genotypes of the interacting partners. However, the effects of hrrP have yet to be characterized in a natural population context, so its contribution to variation in wild mutualist populations is unknown. To understand the distribution of effects of hrrP in wild rhizobia, we measured mutualism phenotypes conferred by hrrP in 12 wild Ensifer medicae strains. To evaluate context dependency of hrrP effects, we compared hrrP effects across two Medicago polymorpha host genotypes and across two experimental years for five E. medicae strains. We show for the first time in a natural population context that hrrP has a wide distribution of effect sizes for many mutualism traits, ranging from strongly positive to strongly negative. Furthermore, we show that hrrP effect size varies across both host genotype and experiment year, suggesting that researchers should be cautious about extrapolating the role of genes in natural populations from controlled laboratory studies of single genetic variants.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

A target capture approach for phylogenomic analyses at multiple evolutionary timescales in rosewoods (Dalbergia spp.) and the legume family (Fabaceae)

Understanding the genetic changes associated with the evolution of biological diversity is of fundamental interest to molecular ecologists. The assessment of genetic variation at hundreds or thousands of unlinked genetic loci forms a sound basis to address questions ranging from micro- to macro-evolutionary timescales, and is now possible thanks to advances in sequencing technology. Major difficulties are associated with i) the lack of genomic resources for many taxa, especially from tropical biodiversity hotspots, ii) scaling the numbers of individuals analyzed and loci sequenced, and iii) building tools for reproducible bioinformatic analyses of such datasets. To address these challenges, we developed a set of target capture probes for phylogenomic studies of the highly diverse, pantropically distributed and economically significant rosewoods (Dalbergia spp.), explored the performance of an overlapping probe set for target capture across the legume family (Fabaceae), and built a general-purpose bioinformatics pipeline. Phylogenomic analyses of Dalbergia species from Madagascar yielded highly resolved and well supported hypotheses of evolutionary relationships. Population genomic analyses identified differences between closely related species and revealed the existence of a potentially new species, suggesting that the diversity of Malagasy Dalbergia species has been underestimated. Analyses at the family level corroborated previous findings by the recovery of monophyletic subfamilies and many well-known clades, as well as high levels of gene tree discordance, especially near the root of the family. The new genomic and bioinformatics resources will hopefully advance systematics and ecological genetics research in legumes, and promote conservation of the highly diverse and endangered Dalbergia rosewoods.

opencc-zeroSep 2022View details →

Discordant population structure among rhizobium divided genomes and their legume hosts

Symbiosis often occurs between partners with distinct life history characteristics and dispersal mechanisms. Many bacterial symbionts have genomes comprised of multiple replicons with distinct rates of evolution and horizontal transmission. Such differences might drive differences in population structure between hosts and symbionts and among the elements of the divided genomes of bacterial symbionts. These differences might, in turn, shape the evolution of symbiotic interactions and bacterial evolution. Here we use whole-genome resequencing of a hierarchically-structured sample of 191 strains of Sinorhizobium meliloti collected from 21 locations in southern Europe to characterize the population structures of this bacterial symbiont and its host plant Medicago truncatula. Sinorhizobium meliloti genomes showed high local (within-site) variation and little isolation by distance. This was particularly true for the two symbiosis elements pSymA and pSymB, which have population structures that are similar to each other, but distinct from both the bacterial chromosome and the host plant. The differences in population structure may result from among-replicon differences in the extent of horizontal gene transfer, although given limited recombination of the chromosome, different levels of purifying or positive selection may also contribute to among-replicon differences. Discordant population structure between hosts and symbionts indicates that geographically and genetically distinct host populations in different parts of the range might interact with genetically similar symbionts, potentially minimizing local specialization.

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Data from: Mast fruiting in a large tropical African legume tree provides evidence for the nutrient resource limitation hypothesis

The large grove-forming tropical tree Microberlinia bisulcata (Fabaceae subfamily Detarioideae) at Korup, Cameroon, shows strong mast fruiting. Reproductive allocation is considerable. The site has very nutrient-poor soil. To test the nutrient resource limitation hypothesis, phenological recordings between 1989 and 2017 were matched with climate variables and analyzed using logistic time-series regression. Masting happened mostly on 2- or 3-year cycles. A strong predictor was mean daily rainfall in the dry season: low in the current year of masting and high in the year prior. Less strongly predictive was the increase in dry season radiation between prior and mast years. Masting events showed no relationship to annual stem increment, nor with local plantation yields. Later, the normally heavy mastings became moderate after two attacks by caterpillars. Collated studies of fallen leaf nutrient concentrations showed that P increased markedly, K rose and fell, but N and Mg changed little, in the inter-mast interval. P and K were likely being accumulated and stored and then triggered masting events when internal thresholds were crossed. The drier season prior to masting enabled a rise in C, and the wetter season the year before, with higher soil moisture, enabled better acquisition and uptake of nutrients by roots and mycorrhizas. The main storage of P may be in bark and branches, that for K on soil organic-colloids. A rooting-fruiting trade-off in C allocated over a minimal 2-year cycle is implied. The hypothesis is that synchrony among masting trees may be achieved, in part, by equilibration of P across the mycorrhizal network. The long-term driver appears to be the inherent year-to-year stochasticity of dry-season rainfall, the realization of which leads to an important refinement of the hypothesis. Life history strategy linked to nutrient resource dynamics provides a plausible explanation and more advanced hypothesis for the masting events observed.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Fig. 1 in New report of the exotic species Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infesting three commercial legumes in Nayarit, Mexico

Fig. 1. (A) Adult female of Megalurothrips usitatus; (B) thrips-infested flowers of Phaseolus vulgaris; (C) common bean inflorescence infested with thrips; (D) twisted and deformed pods of cowpeas; (E) inflorescence of jicama infested by thrips; (F) brown coloration produced by thrips feeding.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2019View details →

Datasets for "Intraspecific interactions in the annual legume Medicago minima are shaped by both genetic variation for competitive ability and reduced competition among kin"

Datasets for “Intraspecific interactions in the annual legume Medicago minima are shaped by both genetic variation for competitive ability and reduced competition among kin” Two datasets are provided. root_behavior_experiment_for_ms.csv: provides data relative to a root behaviour experiment where Medicago minima genotypes grew either with a kin or a non kin. Direction of root growth, root length and biomass were measured. Medicago_minima_biomass_dataMerge.csv: provides data relative to a minicommunity experiment where Medicago minima genotypes were grown surrounded by three kin genotypes, or three non-kin genotypes (i.e. stranger to the central plant but identical to each other) or three stranger genotypes (stranger to the central plant and to each other). For this second experiment above-ground growth and biomass were monitored. Detailed information on the dataset variables are provided in the metadata file. Code for data wrangling and analyses is included in the manuscript as an appendix.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Rhizobia-legume symbiosis mediates direct and indirect interactions between plants, herbivores and their parasitoids

Data and R scripts for statistical analyses for the article: Rhizobia-legume symbiosis mediates direct and indirect interactions between plants, herbivores and their parasitoids By: Carlos Bustos-Segura, Adrienne L. Godschalx, Lucas Malacari, Fanny Deiss, Sergio Rasmann, Daniel J. Ballhorn, Betty Benrey    Abstract Microorganisms associated with plant roots significantly impact the quality and quantity of plant defences. However, the bottom-up effects of soil microbes on the aboveground multitrophic interactions remain largely under studied. To address this gap, we investigated the chemically-mediated effects of nitrogen-fixing rhizobia on legume-herbivore-parasitoid multitrophic interactions. To address this, we initially examined the cascading effects of the rhizobia bean association on herbivore caterpillars, their parasitoids, and subsequently investigated how rhizobia influence on plant volatiles and extrafloral nectar. Our goal was to understand how these plant-mediated effects can affect parasitoids. Lima bean plants (Phaseoulus lunatus) inoculated with rhizobia exhibited better growth, and the number of root nodules positively correlated with defensive cyanogenic compounds. Despite increase of these chemical defences, Spodoptera latifascia caterpillars preferred to feed and grew faster on rhizobia-inoculated plants. Moreover, the emission of plant volatiles after leaf damage showed distinct patterns between inoculation treatments, with inoculated plants producing more sesquiterpenes and benzyl nitrile than non-inoculated plants. Despite these differences, Euplectrus platyhypenae parasitoid wasps were similarly attracted to rhizobia- or no rhizobia-treated plants. Yet, the oviposition and offspring development of E. platyhypenae was better on caterpillars fed with rhizobia-inoculated plants. We additionally show that rhizobia-inoculated common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) produced more extrafloral nectar, with higher hydrocarbon concentration, than non-inoculated plants. Consequently, parasitoids performed better when fed with extrafloral nectar from rhizobia-inoculated plants. While the overall effects of bean-rhizobia symbiosis on caterpillars were positive, rhizobia also indirectly benefited parasitoids through the caterpillar host, and directly through the improved production of high quality extrafloral nectar. This study underscores the importance of exploring diverse facets and chemical mechanisms that influence the dynamics between herbivores and predators. This knowledge is crucial for gaining a comprehensive understanding of the ecological implications of rhizobia symbiosis on these interactions.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2010View details →

Figure 1-4. Megacopta cribraria. 1 in Occurrence of the Old World bug Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius) (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) in Georgia: a serious home invader and potential legume pest

Figure 1-4. Megacopta cribraria. 1) Male, dorsal view. 2) Female, ventral view. 3) Male, ventral view. 4) Fifth instar nymph, dorsal view. Dimensional line equals 1.0 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

The genome of the mimosoid legume Prosopis cineraria, a desert tree

The mimosoid legumes are a clade of ~40 genera in the Caesalpinioideae subfamily of the Fabaceae that grow in tropical and subtropical regions. Unlike the better studied Papilionoideae, there are few genomic resources within this legume group. The tree Prosopis cineraria native to the Near East and Indian subcontinent, where it thrives in very hot desert environments. To develop a tool to better understand desert plant adaptation mechanisms, we sequenced the P. cineraria genome to near-chromosome assembly, with a total sequence length of ~691 Mb. We predicted 77,579 gene models (76,554 CDS, 361 rRNAs and 664 tRNAs) from the assembled genome, among them 55,325 (~72%) protein-coding genes that were functionally annotated. This genome was found to consist of over 58% repeat sequences, primarily long terminal repeats (LTR-) -retrotransposons. We find an expansion of terpenoid metabolism genes in P. cineraria and its relative P. alba, but not in other legumes. We also observed an amplification of NBS-LRR disease resistance genes correlated with LTR-associated retrotransposition, and identified 410 retrogenes with an active burst of chimeric retrogene creation that approximately occurred at the same time of divergence of P. cineraria from a common lineage with P. alba ~23 Mya. These retrogenes include many for biotic defense response and abiotic stress stimulus response, as well as the early Nodulin 93 gene. Nodulin 93 gene amplification is consistent with an adaptive response of the species to low nitrogen in arid desert soil.