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Fig. 13 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 13. Distribution of Leptodoras oyakawai in Tapajós and Xingu basins, central Brazil (type locality represented by open circle).

Fig. 10 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 10. Branchial skeleton of Leptodoras oyakawai, based on MZUSP 95722, 73 mm SL, in dorsal view. BB2-4 basibranchials, CB1-5 ceratobranchials, EB1-5 epibranchials, HB1-3 hypobranchials, PB2-4 pharingobranchials, TPL tooth plate. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 5 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 5. Gas bladder of Leptodoras oyakawai, MZUSP 87028, 54 mm SL in (a) ventral and (b) dorsal views; MZUSP 95722, 88 mm SL in (c) ventral and (d) dorsal views; MZUSP 97395, 121.9 mm SL in (e) ventral and (f) dorsal views. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 2 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 2. Leptodoras oyakawai in lateral view: (a) MZUSP 97395, paratype, 222.4 mm SL, rio Jamanxim, Tapajós basin, photographed immediately after preservation (right side of body), (b) MZUSP 91979, 108.7 mm SL, rio Culuene, upper Xingu basin, photographed live (left side of body).

Fig. 4 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 4. First gill arch of Leptodoras oyakawai, MZUSP 97395, paratype, showing accessory lamellae, in (a) lateral and (b) medial views. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 6 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 6. Anteriormost vertebrae, in ventral view, showing the bony capsules (arrows) of (a) Anduzedoras oxyhynchus, ANSP178551, 138 mm SL, and (b) Leptodoras cataniai, ANSP 179242, 157 mm SL, and cup-like expansions in (c) Leptodoras oyawakai, ANSP 187336, 120 mm SL. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 8 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 8. Suspensorial and opercle series in Leptodoras oyakawai, based on MZUSP 95722, 73 mm SL, in lateral view. AAR anguloarticular, DEN dentary, HYO hyomandibula, IOP interopercle, MSP mesopterygoid, MTP metapterygoid, OPE opercle, POP preopercle, QUA quadrate. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 1. Leptodoras oyakawai, MZUSP 97909 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 1. Leptodoras oyakawai, MZUSP 97909, holotype, 120.5 mm SL, in (a) lateral, (b) dorsal and (c) ventral views. Brazil, Pará, Novo Progresso, rio Jamanxim (Tapajós basin), at Prainha, near Novo Progresso.

Fig. 3 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 3. Mouth, barbels and lips of Leptodoras oyakawai, MZUSP 97909, holotype, 120.5 mm SL, in ventral view. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 9 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 9. Hyoid arch of Leptodoras oyakawai, based on MZUSP 95722, 73 mm SL, in ventral view. ACH anterior ceratohyal, BRR branchiostegal rays, DHH dorsal hypohyal, ICH interceratohyal cartilage, PCH posterior ceratohyal, UHY urohyal, VHH ventral hypohyal. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 11 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 11. Pectoral girdle of Leptodoras oyakawai, MZUSP 95722, 73 mm SL, in ventral view. CLE cleithrum, COR coracoid, COR-pp coracoid posterior process. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 7 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 7. Head of Leptodoras oyakawai, ANSP 187336, paratype, 120 mm SL, in (a) dorsal and (b) lateral (left side) views. acf anterior cranial fontanel, ANP anterior nuchal plate, CLE-pp postcleithral process, DEN dentary, EPO epioccipital, EPO-p epioccipital posterior process, FRO frontal, INS infranuchal scute, IO1-4 infraorbitals, LET lateral ethmoid, MAX maxilla, MET mesethmoid, MNP middle nuchal plate, NAS nasal, nf nuchal foramina, OPE opercle, pcf posterior cranial fontanel, PNP posterior nuchal plate, PAL autopalatine, PTO pterotic, SOC parieto-supraoccipital, SCL posttemporal-supracleithrum, SPO sphenotic, TyS tympanal scutes. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 12 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 12. Pelvic girdle of Leptodoras oyakawai, based on MZUSP 95722, 73 mm SL, in dorsal view. BPT basipterygium, eap external anterior process of BPT, iap internal anterior process of BPT, lp lateral process of BPT, PFR pelvic-fin rays, pp posterior process of BPT. Scale bar 5 mm.

Fig. 15 in New species of thorny catfish, genus Leptodoras Boulenger (Siluriformes: Doradidae), from Tapajós and Xingu basins, Brazil

Fig. 15. Distribution of Leptodoras species, based on Sabaj (2005). In a, Leptodoras praelongus represented by red circle, L. nelsoni by black circle, and L. rogersae by blue circle. In b, L. myersi represented by red square, L. acipenserinus by black square, and L. linnelli by blue square. In c, L. copei represented by red triangle, and L. juruensis by blue triangle. In d, L. cataniai represented by red lozenge, and L. hasemani by blue lozenge (type localities represented by opened symbols).

Fig. 28 in Taxonomic assessment of Leptodoras (Siluriformes: Doradidae) with descriptions of three new species

Fig. 28. Leptodoras myersi, paratype, ANSP 112319 (SL 76 mm), río Amazonas (Atlantic dr.), vicinity of Iquitos, Loreto, Peru.

Fig. 17. Leptodoras acipenserinus, FMNH 92385 in Taxonomic assessment of Leptodoras (Siluriformes: Doradidae) with descriptions of three new species

Fig. 17. Leptodoras acipenserinus, FMNH 92385 (SL 196.5 mm), río Bobonaza (Pastaza–Marañon dr.), Ecuador.

Fig. 10. Leptodoras copei, ANSP 162466 in Taxonomic assessment of Leptodoras (Siluriformes: Doradidae) with descriptions of three new species

Fig. 10. Leptodoras copei, ANSP 162466 (SL 141.5 mm), río Orinoco (Atlantic dr.), near mouth of río Iguapo, Amazonas, Venezuela.

Fig. 6 in Taxonomic assessment of Leptodoras (Siluriformes: Doradidae) with descriptions of three new species

Fig. 6. Lateral (left) and medial (right) views of 1st gill arch. a. Leptodoras copei, ANSP 162466 (SL 141.5 mm). b. Leptodoras cataniai, ANSP 161532 (SL 148 mm).

Fig. 4 in Taxonomic assessment of Leptodoras (Siluriformes: Doradidae) with descriptions of three new species

Fig. 4. Variation in oral-hood morphology in Anduzedoras and Leptodoras. a. A. oxyrhynchus, ANSP 160628 (SL 124.6 mm). b. L. praelongus, ANSP 162464 (SL 124.9 mm). c. L. copei, ANSP 162461 (SL 95.9 mm). d. L. hasemani, ANSP 175889 (SL 86.7 mm). e. L. linnelli, ANSP 175883 (SL 94 mm). f. L. nelsoni, MCNG 13167 (SL 93 mm). g. L. cataniai, ANSP 161533 (SL 162.5 mm). h. L. juruensis, INHS 39465 (SL 117.4 mm). i. L. myersi, ANSP 112319 (SL 72.6 mm).

Fig. 2 in Taxonomic assessment of Leptodoras (Siluriformes: Doradidae) with descriptions of three new species

Fig. 2. Landmarks and measurements used for morphometric analysis (shown on generalized doradids). See Material and Methods for explanations of abbreviations.