Find research datasets worth reusing

FIGURE 11 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 11.—Maximum likelihood tree depicting evolutionary relationships within Leucostethus and Colostethinae inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Bayesian posterior probabilities> 95 and bootstrap support> 70% are indicated by an asterisk (*). The inset map indicates the type locality of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. (yellow dot), and localities of Leucostethus sp., Epipedobates boulengeri and E. sp. (aff. darwinwallacei). Colored species next to the clades are species occurring in the Isla Gorgona and the Pacific lowlands of Ecuador.

FIGURE 10 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 10.—Sonogram of the advertisement call of adult male Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. recorded on 5 January 2004 (tape MR2004-1-12); specimen not collected but photographed in life (see Fig. 4B). Three consecutive notes selected from near the center of a call consisting of 84 notes.

FIGURE 9 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 9.—Ventral view of hyoid plate and mandible (A) and scapular girdle (B) of the skeleton of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. (CJ 7775, female). Scale = 3 mm. Photos by Steven Guevara.

FIGURE 7 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 7.—Testes (indicated by arrows) and eggs of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov., showing differences in pigmentation: (A) both testes unpigmented white (INABIO 3632); (B) one testis unpigmented white, and one testis brown (QCAZ 14700); (C) eggs (CJ 7765). Photos (A, B) by Verónica Armas-Ortiz and HMOA and (C) by Diego Acosta-López and Andrea Terán-Valdez.

FIGURE 6 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 6.—Dorsal (upper row) and ventral (lower row) aspects of preserved paratype specimens of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. (A) INABIO 3632, adult male; (B) INABIO 3786, adult male; (C) INABIO 3649, juvenile female; (D) INABIO 3785, sub-adult female). Note dark spotting on the chin of adult males (INABIO 3632 and 3786), in contrast to pale unmarked ventral surfaces of females (INABIO 3649 and 3785), and dark spotting extending ventro-laterally on adult male INABIO 3632. Photos by HMOA.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 3.—Live adults of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. depicting variation in coloration: (A) CJ 8423, female, SVL = 25.8 mm); (B) CJ 7765, female, SVL = 25.0 mm). Photos by Diego Acosta-López.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 4.—Live adults of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. showing variation: (A) QCAZ 14699, gravid adult female, SVL = 27.4 mm; (B) Not collected, adult male; (C) INABIO 3786, adult male, SVL = 23.0 mm; (D) INABIO 3785, subadult female, SVL = 22.0 mm; (E) ventral view of male (call recording MR2004-1-12) showing gular-chest marks; (F) male (CJ 7213, SVL = 22.8 mm) carrying tadpoles. Photos by GOV (A), MR (B, E), HMO (C, D), SH (F).

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 1.—(A) Map showing the collection sites of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov.; (B) habitat of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. at Duchas stream. Reserva Biológica Bilsa, Provincia Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Map by Gustavo Pazmiño-Otamendi; photo by SH.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 5.—Flash coloration, hands, and feet in Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. (A–E) live adult female CJ 7765; (F–G) live adult male holotype CJ 8311. Note the mustard-yellow paracloacal marks on the dorsal thighs (A), and the mustard-yellow flash marks on axillae, groin, and hind limbs (B, C). Photos by Diego Acosta-López.

FIGURE 8 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 8.—High-resolution computed tomography reconstructions of the skeleton of the male holotype (CJ 8311) of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov. (A) dorsal view; (B) lateral, dorsal and ventral view of skull; (C) coccyx, ischia and pubes in lateral view; (D) ventral view of pectoral girdle; (E) ventral view of manus; (F) ventral view of pes. Scale = 5 mm.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Cordillera Mache-Chindul in northwestern Ecuador, with comments on similar Colostethus and Hyloxalus

FIGURE 2.—Live adult holotype (CJ 8311) of Leucostethus bilsa sp. nov., SVL = 24.3 mm. There is a skin lesion on the anterodorsal left thigh. Photos by Diego Acosta-López.

FIGURE 9 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 9. Leucostethus jota sp. nov. A) Vocalizing male; uncollected specimen B) Adult male carrying tadpoles; uncollected specimens. Photos by Juan M. Daza.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 4. Testes color in (A) Leucostethus fraterdanieli (MHUA-A 8176) and (B) Leucostethus jota sp. nov. (MHUA-A 9534). Arrows indicate testes position.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 3. Foot and hand morphology of Leucostethus jota sp. nov. A) Right foot of adult male holotype MHUA-A 8138. Foot length = 8.8 mm). B) Right hand of adult male holotype showing swelling along the preaxial side of finger III. Hand length = 5.2 mm. C) Right hand of adult female paratype MHUA-A 8137. Hand length = 5.1 mm. Finger III not swollen.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 2. Holotype of Leucostethus jota sp. nov. adult male MHUA-A 8138 in life. SVL 19.32 mm. Photo by Juan M. Daza.

FIGURE 11 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 11. Lateral view of Leucostethus jota sp. nov. and Leucostethus fraterdanieli "complex". Note the absence of a straight pale ventrolateral stripe in the L. fraterdanieli "complex" and the presence in L. jota sp. nov. (A) Leucostethus ramirezi, MHUA-A 8000, Urrao, Antioquia. (B) Leucostethus brachistriatus, MHUA-A 10155, Sonsón, Antioquia. (C) L. fraterdanieli, MHUA-A 8823, Guatapé, Antioquia. (D) L. jota sp. nov., JMD 2047, Alejandría, Antioquia. Photos by Esteban Alzate (A), Carlos M. Marín (B), Juan M. Daza (C-D).

FIGURE 8 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 8. Acoustic activity in a population of Leucostethus jota sp. nov. inferred from 27788 calls, obtained during November-December 2012 and January through September 2014 in the municipality of Alejandría, Antioquia.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood tree (-lnL=120317.99) depicting evolutionary relationships within Colostethinae inferred from a partitioned analysis using 11978 characters, 16 genomic regions, and 183 terminals. Colored symbols next to the clades are represented as point localities in figure 10.

FIGURE 10 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 10. Geographic distribution of sequenced specimens of Leucostethus jota sp. nov. and Leucostethus fraterdanieli "complex" in Colombia. Colored symbols represent the clades shown in figure 1.

FIGURE 7 in A new species of Leucostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the eastern versant of the Central Cordillera of Colombia and the phylogenetic status of Colostethus fraterdanieli

FIGURE 7. PCA plot of bioacoustic parameters from L. jota sp. nov. and L. fraterdanieli. PCA was performed with 3 spectral parameters (Low frequency, High frequency and Peak frequency) and 1 temporal parameter (Call duration).