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33 results for “Lightning flash”
Data files for: Comparison of high-speed optical observations of a lightning flash from space and the ground
<p>This dataset accompanies the paper in the AGU open acces journal <em>Earth and Space Science</em>, special section "A New Era of Lightning Observations From Space"<em> </em>and contains data of the lightning flash in Colombia detected by:</p> <ul> <li>Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) </li> <li>Lightning Imaging Sensor on the International Space Station (ISS-LIS) </li> <li>Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor - Modular Multi-spectral Imaging Array (ASIM MMIA)</li> <li>High-speed intensified Phantom V7.3 camera fielded in Cartagena, Colombia.</li> </ul> <p>The high-speed video .cine files can be read by (free) CineViewer and PCC software of Vision Research Inc. which can convert to avi files. For any questions, contact the first author.</p>
Supporting information for the paper: The temporal relationship between Terrestrial Gamma-ray flashes and associated optical pulses from lightning
<p>Supporting information for the paper: The temporal relationship between Terrestrial Gamma-ray flashes and associated optical pulses from lightning, consisting of 2 data files and 221 presentations of TGF-Optical emission events observed by ASIM between end of March 2019 and November 2020.</p> <p>See 0_READ_ME for information about the individual files and variables.</p>
Initiation Process of a Winter Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flash
<p>Lightning location results data. This dataset includes complete data, which means it has not undergone quality control. The time needs to be subtracted from the corresponding paper (Initiation Process of a Winter Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flash) by 1.165ms.</p>
Characteristics of the initial stage and return stroke currents of rocket-triggered lightning flashes in southern China
<p>This study investigates the initial stage (IS) and return stroke (RS) currents of 50 triggered lightning flashes (TLFs) that were conducted in southern China. The IS of the negative TLFs has a longer duration, and larger average current, charge transfer, and action integral than those reported elsewhere, with geometric means (GMs) of 347.9 ms, 132.5 A, 45.1 C, and 10.0 × 10<sup>3</sup> A<sup>2</sup> s, respectively. Two positive TLFs containing no RS have much greater average currents, charge transfers, and action integrals in the IS when compared with the negative TLFs. The RS has a greater peak current (17.2 kA; GM, same to below), charge transfer within 1 ms (1.3 C), and action integral within 1 ms (5.8 × 10<sup>3</sup> A<sup>2</sup> s), and shorter 10% to 90% rise time (0.4 μs) than elsewhere. The peak current is prominently correlated with the rate of rise, charge transfer within 1 ms, and action integral within 1 ms. Furthermore, when the total duration of the RS and any following continuing currents is longer than 40 ms, the peak current, charge transfer within 1 ms, and action integral within 1 ms of the RS are seldom greater than 25 kA, 2.6 C, and 15 × 10<sup>3</sup> A<sup>2</sup> s, respectively. It is indicated that TLFs containing RSs tend to have a longer duration but a smaller charge transfer during the IS than those without RS. The peak current of the RS is weakly correlated with its preceding silence period when there was no channel base current.</p>
Preliminary Breakdown Process of Winter Positive Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flash and Its relation to the Following First Return Stroke
<p>The file <em>+CG statistics.xlsx</em> contains various statistical parameters for 60 +CG events.</p> <p>The files <em>3D_UPB.dat</em>, <em>3D_DPB.dat</em>, <em>3D_IRPB1.dat</em>, and <em>3D_IRPB2.dat</em> provide the 3D location results for the four example events discussed in the main text. Each file includes data organized in four lines, representing time (ms), x (m), y (m), and z (m), respectively.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p>
Abnormal Upward Attempted Leaders Before the First Return Stroke of a Rocket-triggered Lightning Flash
<p><span>The electric field and optical data</span></p>
Examining the charge transfer in an unusual negative rocket-triggered lightning flash with branched upward positive leaders
<p>The data of the Case Tr_201807, figures, Optical images </p>
Production of Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes During the Early Stages of Lightning Flashes
<p>Supporting data to the paper "Production of Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes During the Early Stages of Lightning Flashes", Lindanger et al., 2022, JGR</p>
Characteristics of negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes associated with their peak currents of first return strokes
<p>These are the data that were used to draw the figures in an submitted manuscript ("<span>Characteristics of negative cloud-to-ground lightning flashes associated with their peak currents of first return strokes</span>").</p>
Properties of negative initial leaders and lightning flash size in a cluster of supercells
<p>It is the figure data of the paper titled as "Properties of negative initial leaders and lightning flash size in a cluster of supercells". The abstract of this paper is as follows:</p> <p>Properties of negative initial leaders (NILs) and flash size in a cluster of supercells with generally inverted charge structure in Oklahoma on 10 − 11 May 2010 are examined, primarily using Lightning Mapping Array data. A method to identify NILs from LMA source is proposed, and helps to reveal the multiple NILs properties and their distributions. The NILs in the supercell cluster have smaller speed (median 3D displacement speed: 0.65 × 10<sup>5</sup> m s<sup>−1</sup>), relative to the previous reports in “normal” thunderstorms. Furthermore, median NIL speeds initially decrease with increasing height, but begin increasing above 12 km. The NILs tend to decelerate during the early stage. The parameters characterizing flash duration and spatial size are also investigated. It is found they all follow lognormal distributions and the spatial flash size is relatively small on average (median horizontal distance: 5.54 km). Most flashes (83.18%) extend primarily in the horizontal direction. Flash area shows an inverse relationship with flash density at their fast changes during storm evolution. Although large flash initiation density (FID) generally occurs in regions with small flash size, the smallest flash size is nearly not collocated with large FID value. In the regions with large FID, average flash duration roughly increases with increasing FID, while average flash area changes little. We proposed that the pattern of charge pockets and variation of charge density dominated by the strong kinematics are responsible for some new findings about the properties of NIL and flash size in the supercell cluster.</p>
Initial leader properties during the preliminary breakdown processes of lightning flashes and their associations with initiation positions
<p>It is the dataset assocaited with the figures in the paper titled "Initial leader properties during the preliminary breakdown processes of lightning flashes and their associations with initiation positions" which was submitted to the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres for publication. It can be accessed using Matlab. The abstract of the manuscript is as follows.</p> <p>The properties of initial leaders (ILs) of 1056 flashes in two thunderstorms in Guangzhou, China, are analyzed. The median values of IL properties are 11.1 ms for duration, 2.2 km for vertical distance, 2.7 km for 3-D distance, 1.9 × 10<sup>5</sup> m s<sup>−1</sup> for vertical speed, 2.4 × 10<sup>5</sup> m s<sup>−1</sup> for 3-D speed, 28° for angle between the IL’s displacement direction and the vertical direction, 1.1 per ms for pulse rate, 179 m for vertical step length and 224 m for 3-D step length. All the IL properties follow lognormal distributions. Strong monotonic relationships of IL duration with speed and pulse rate and pulse rate with speed and step length are revealed. With increasing initiation altitude, IL duration and step length tend to increase, and IL speed and pulse rate tend to decrease. The ILs initiated at approximately the −20 ℃ isotherm are more vertically orientated on average than those initiated at lower or higher levels. The ILs initiated in the strong kinematic areas generally had a greater speed and pulse rate but smaller duration, distance and step length relative to those initiated in the weak kinematic areas. The possible impacts of the charge distribution patterns and density on the IL properties in different types of thunderstorms or thunderstorm areas are discussed.</p>
High-speed videos for the paper "Correlation between speed of the stepped leader and peak current of the return stroke of lightning flashes"
<p>This page contains one spreadsheets with the data of the analyzed lightning flashes (.xlsx file). And it also has high-speed camera video files (.cine files) that are located inside the Lighning Flashes.rar folder. The videos can be watched frame by frame to reproduce the analysis done in the paper titled "Correlation between speed of the stepped leader and peak current of the return stroke of lightning flashes", submitted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters.</p> <p>Instructions to watch the videos: </p> <p>Download and use the software Phantom Camera Control (PCC) available at:</p> <p>https://www.phantomhighspeed.com/resourcesandsupport/phantomresources/pccsoftware</p> <p>The Phantom Camera Control (PCC) software is compatible with Windows 7 Pro and Windows 8.1 and Windows 10, for both 32 and 64-bit operating systems.</p>
Data files for "Flash development at sub-pixel resolution with the Geostationary Lightning Mapper"
<p>This depository includes the data files used to produce results in the paper "Resolving sub-pixel flash development with the Geostationary Lightning Mapper."</p> <p>Each lightning mapping array (LMA) file in OKLMA.tar is a text file. Each Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) file in ENTLN.tar is a csv file. Each Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) file in GOES16_GLM.tar is a netcdf file.</p> <p>Oklahoma lightning mapping array data is available from the NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory website: https://data.nssl.noaa.gov/thredds/catalog/WRDD/OKLMA/catalog.html.</p> <p>Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) data can be accessed through several links found at https://goes-r.nsstc.nasa.gov/home/.</p> <p>We thank Dr. Jeff Lapierre and Earth Networks for free use of ENTLN data for scientific purposes.</p>
High-speed videos for the paper "Upward bipolar lightning flashes originated from the connection of recoil leaders with intracloud lightning"
<p>This page contains high-speed video files as .cine files, that can be watched frame by frame to reproduce the analysis done in the paper titled "Upward bipolar lightning flashes originated from the connection of recoil leaders with intracloud lightning", submitted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters.</p> <p><em>Instructions to watch the videos</em>: <strong>UP 44.cine </strong>and<strong> UP 76.cine:</strong></p> <p>Download and use the software Phantom Camera Control (PCC) available at:</p> <p><a href="https://www.phantomhighspeed.com/resourcesandsupport/phantomresources/pccsoftware">https://www.phantomhighspeed.com/resourcesandsupport/phantomresources/pccsoftware</a></p> <p>The Phantom Camera Control (PCC) software is compatible with Windows 7 Pro and Windows 8.1 and Windows 10, for both 32 and 64-bit operating systems.</p>
High-speed video observations of needles evolving into negative leaders in a positive cloud-to-ground lightning flash
<p>The data supports the manuscript entitled “<strong>High-speed video observations of needles evolving into negative leaders in a positive cloud-to-ground lightning flash</strong>”. The high-speed video data files of the positive cloud-to-ground lightning (20200603_082539, denoted F20065) of *.cihx and *.avi can be opened by Photron Camera Control software (Photron Fastcam Viewer) that can be download from this link: https://photron.com/photron-support/</p> <p>In addition, MATLAB can open the *.mat file (electric field change data), and Microsoft Excel can open the *.xlsx file (Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Lightning Location data (20200603082523-20200603082556).</p> <p>The data can be used freely for scientific purposes with the appropriate citation.</p>
Determining a lower limit of luminosity for the first satellite observation of a reverse beam terrestrial gamma-ray flash associated with a cloud to ground lightning leader
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Observation of Electrical Alignment Signatures in An Isolated Thunderstorm by Dual-Polarized Phased Array Weather Radar and the Relationship with Intracloud Lightning Flash Rate
<div> <p>The data of the Dual-polarized Phased Array Weather Radar (DP-PAWR), from 2019-08-20 16:10:15 to16:41:04 on August 20, 2019. </p> <p> </p> </div>
Continuous Initial Breakdown Development of In-cloud Lightning Flashes
<p>The data contained in the MATLAB .fig files support the manuscript submitted to JGR-Atmospheres titled "Continuous Initial Breakdown Development of In-cloud Lightning Flashes".</p>
Spatiotemporal correlation between artificially triggered and adjacent natural lightning flashes
<p>Triggered lightning flash (TLF) provides a unique perspective on the relationship between spatiotemporal proximity flashes, owing to its determined location and time, convenient direction measurement, and explicit association with the charge region. In this study, 3-D lightning location, current measurement, and atmospheric average electric field (AAEF) data were used to investigate the spatiotemporal relationship of TLFs (68 samples in South China) with adjacent natural lightning flashes (NLFs). The TLF-related negative charge regions had an average core height of 5.2 km and ambient temperature of approximately −1.7 °C. The effective negative charge region (the charge density that was high enough for the occurrence of lightning discharge) can be approximately equivalent to a circle with an average diameter of 10.3 km. For approximately 93% of (all) the TLFs, no NLF channel (initiation) was located within 5 km of the flash-triggered position, within 5 s before and after their occurrence. In situations where spatiotemporally adjacent NLFs and TLFs occurred, they were either associated with different charge layers, or the same charge layer but different charge positions. Most NLFs that caused significantly sharp AAEF changes just before or after the TLFs were not associated with the TLF-related negative charge. Therefore, the recovery of the AAEF, which has usually been referenced as the timing choice of the triggering operation, was not directly associated with the TLF-related charge region. The average interval between the TLFs and NLFs that occurred within 10 min before and after the TLFs and neutralized the TLF-related negative charge was approximately 145 s.</p>
Effects of M-components on needle activity in positive cloud-to-ground lightning flashes
<p>The data supports the manuscript entitled “Effects of M-components on needle activity in positive cloud-to-ground lightning flashes”. The high-speed video data files of the positive cloud-to-ground lightning lighnting (F20064 and F20065) of *.avi can be opened by Photron Camera Control software (Photron Fastcam Viewer) that can be download from this link: https://photron.com/photron-support/</p> <p>In addition, MATLAB can open the *.mat file (electric field change data), and Microsoft Excel can open the *.xlsx file (Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Lightning Location data (F20064 & F20065).</p> <p>The data can be used freely for scientific purposes with the appropriate citation.</p>
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