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261 results for “Litter and decomposition”
Litter Decomposition in Response to Nitrogen Addition and Soil Warming at Harvard Forest 2010-2012
The purpose of this study is to examine whether two environmental change stressors (warming and nitrogen deposition) differentially impact litter decomposition. We investigated this using a two year litterbag decomposition experiment at the chronic N amendment experiment and the Barre Woods Soil warming experiment, and measured litter decay dynamics, enzyme activities and litter chemistry. In both years mass loss of the mixed litter was suppressed under N addition, with most of the mass loss observed in the first year compared to the second year (70% and 30% of total mass loss, respectively). Both years showed either increased activity for some hydrolytic enzymes (e.g. cellobiohydrolase) or no difference (e.g. ß-N-acetylglucosaminidase) with increased N. The lignolytic enzymes (e.g. peroxidases) showed no difference in activity in the first year, but had a highly reduced activity in year 2 under elevated N conditions. Soil warming did not significantly affect litter mass loss, and only had an effect on the activity of a few enzymes. In the oak reciprocal litterbag study, decay of oak litter originating from the highest N addition plot was negatively affected by simulated N deposition in the first year of decomposition, while after two years, simulated N deposition negatively affected all litter, and litter originating from the highest N addition plot decayed more slowly than control litter even without added N (i.e. in the control plot). In addition, in the first year of decomposition lignolytic enzyme activities were suppressed in litter originating from the N addition treatments, but due to simulated N deposition in year two.
Dataset of the manuscript "Assessing the influence of Eisenia andrei on the decomposition of Casuarina equisetifolia litter in vermicompost."
<p>Data generated during an experiment of decomposition of <em>Casuarina equisetifolia</em> litter by the application of vermicompost (VC) or the combination vermicompost + the earthworm <em>Eisenia andrei</em> (E).</p> <p>Six files are included:</p> <p>"<strong>readme.csv</strong>" is a file where we explain the meaning of each column (and in which units is expressed) in each of the other five files.</p> <p>"<strong>earthworm_N_biomass.csv</strong>" is a table with the number of <em>Eisenia andrei</em> individuals and the total earthworm fresh weight in each of the experimental units we sampled</p> <p><strong>"FTIR_spectra.csv" </strong>is a file with the raw spectral data we obtained from the litter by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy combined with Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR). First column indicate the wavenumber (cm-1) and the other columns indicate the absorbance values of each litter sample for each wavenumber.</p> <p><strong>"litter_chemical_composition.csv"</strong> is a file with the raw data of the concentrations of different chemical elements measured in <em>C. equisetifolia</em> litter collected at different decomposition times.</p> <p><strong>"litter_mass_loss.csv"</strong> contains the dry weight data of the litter at time 0 and after each collection time, as well as the percentage of litter mass loss with time. .</p> <p>"<strong>mesofaunal_com.</strong><strong>csv</strong>" are the numbers of individuals of several groups of mesofaunal organisms (collembolans, mites, and others) we recovered in each of our experimental units.</p>
Oak litter decomposition parameters across 19 Nutrient Network grassland sites in response to NPK and herbivore exclusion treatments
These data are from a study examining how herbivory and nutrient supply affect long-term aboveground decomposition. A novel oak litter was decomposed across 19 grassland sites of the Nutrient Network distributed experiment. At each site, a full-factorial experiment of combined nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium plus micronutrients ('control' or 'NPK') and mammalian herbivore exclusion ('fencing') was carried out in a randomized block design. The duration of the decomposition experiment varied by site but litter bags were harvested at approximately annual intervals for up to seven years. Litter decay parameters were calculated using four alternative statistical models of litter decomposition. Covariate data describing site and plot-level abiotic and biotic characteristics were also measured, including climate, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, live and dead aboveground biomass, and percent cover.
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Gravimetric Soil Moisture
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Effects of ectomycorrhizal fungi on pine litter decomposition in temperate pine forests in California, Florida, and Minnesota
This experiment is designed to assess the generality of the effect of ECM fungi on leaf litter decomposition in temperate pine forests. To assess ECM fungal effects on decomposition, we established and ECM fungal knockdown experiment (via trenching) in nine temperate pine forests in California, Florida, and Minnesota. In litter bags incubated (July 2021-July 2022) in paired trenched and untrenched plots at each site we compared leaf litter decomposition (of native pine litter and a common Pinus strobus litter), fungal community composition (via high throughput sequencing), fungal abundance (via qPCR), decomposition enzyme expression, and soil nutrient availability. Contrary to widely cited theory and other results from a subset of our field sites, we found that ECM fungi either increased or did not impact pine litter decomposition in temperate pine forests.
Lignin, litter, and soil carbon decomposition from soil samples collected from 20 National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites in 2019
These data support the findings of a manuscript by Huang et al. (2023) published in Nature Communications (doi pending). We used incubations of soil and stable isotope measurements to measure lignin, litter, and SOC decomposition over an 18-month lab incubation and assessed their relationships with geochemical, microbial, N-related and climatic factors across 156 mineral soils collected from 20 National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites, which span broad biophysical gradients (climate, soil, and vegetation type) across North America. The soils were collected in 2019. Lignin decomposition and biogeochemical variables were also measured in an approximately 12-month field incubation.
Data for a leaf litter decomposition study and soil density fractionation analysis at a whole-watershed fertilization experiment in a temperate forest
To assess how elevated N deposition influences leaf litter decomposition dynamics and soil organic matter formation in a temperate deciduous forest, we coupled a reciprocal transplant leaf litter decomposition study with an analysis of the distribution of soil organic matter in mineral associated and particulate organic matter fractions at a long-term, whole-watershed, N fertilization experiment. We found that nearly 30 years of N additions slowed decay rates by about 11% for leaf litter decomposed in the fertilized watershed, regardless of the watershed from which the initial litter was collected. An apparent consequence of the altered rates of decomposition was that the soil in the fertilized watershed had about a 40% greater fraction of SOM in light particulate organic matter compared to the reference watershed, which was positively correlated with the bulk soil carbon to nitrogen ratio. Collectively, our results suggest that under conditions of N saturation, the physical transfer pathway of SOM formation is favored, which can have important implications for the future of the soil organic matter stock and nutrient cycling.
Litter decomposition from 2014 reciprocal transplant garden Toolik Lake, Coldfoot, and Sagwon, Alaska 2016
Data on litter decomposition of Eriophorum vaginatum leaves collected at Toolik Lake, Coldfoot, and Sagwon and distributed to all three sites. Litter bags from the three populations were deployed at CF (8/26/15), TL (8/24/16) and SG (8/25/16) sites approximately 40 meter away from the main transplant gardens (east of CF, east of TL and west of SG) into 5 blocks with 4 intended harvests at each plots.
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Cumulative Microbial Respiration
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Daily Microbial Respiration
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Microbial Biomass
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Fine Root Biomass and Chemistry
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Soil CN
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition: Soil pH
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Aggregate mesquite litter chemistry following soil-mixing and decomposition in a semi-arid grassland at the Jornada Basin LTER, 2010-2012
This dataset contains litter carbon content, nitrogen content, and associated chemistry data from a litter decomposition experiment at the Jornada Basin LTER in 2010 to 2012. To assess the role of soil-litter mixing (SLM) in aridland litter decomposition, litterbags were deployed in the Chihuahuan Desert and interrelationships between vegetation structure, SLM, and rates of decomposition were quantified. To assess the role of vegetation structure, litterbags were deployed in contrasting vegetation microsites, including grass, shrub, and bare ground microsites. This dataset contains litter chemistry data from the experiment including percent carbon, percent nitrogen, ash corrections, and the carbon to nitrogen ratio of litter in recovered bags. This study is complete.
Aggregate mesquite litter mass-loss following soil-mixing and decomposition in a semi-arid grassland at the Jornada Basin LTER, 2010-2012
This package contains litter mass loss data from a litter decomposition experiment at the Jornada Basin LTER. To assess the role of soil-litter mixing (SLM) in aridland litter decomposition, litterbags were deployed in the Chihuahuan Desert and interrelationships between vegetation structure, SLM, and rates of decomposition were quantified. To assess the role of vegetation structure, litterbags were deployed in contrasting vegetation microsites, including grass, shrub, and bare ground microsites. This dataset contains the mass-loss data (including ash-corrections) from the experiment. This study is complete.
OPD01 Konza Prairie standing dead and litter decomposition (1981-1983)
Standing dead and litter decomposition of big bluestem foliage and flowering stems were measured for two years using litterbag methods. Mass, nitrogen and phosphorus content were measured.
Leaf litter decomposition experiment In QPA and QPB - 2017-2019
We ran a leaf litter decomposition experiment over a seven-week period in each of three different years: 2017, 2018, and 2019. To assess leaf decomposition rates, we incubated leaf packs of freshly abscised Tabonuco (Dacryodes excelsa) leaves in pools in each of our two study stream reaches, and retrieved them at intervals over a seven-week period. We attempted to run experiments before onset of heavy rains which often occur in September-December. We chose to use leaves of Tabonuco for experimental leaf packs because it is a dominant riparian tree species along both of our study reaches. This dataset can be used to asses ecosystem function within tropical headwater streams. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Leaf Litter Decomposition Experiment in QPA and QPB – Insects - 2019
Macroinvertebrates collected from Tabonuco leaf packs associated with 50-day in-situ leaf litter decomposition experiment from 2019-07-1 – 2019-08-20 in Quebrada Prieta A and Quebrada Prieta B. This data may be used to examine insect colonization of leaf packs within streams. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
leaf litter decomposition experiment In QPA and QPB - visual shrimp observations 2019
Visual shrimp observations from pools associated with 2019 in-situ leaf litter decomposition experiment. Shrimp abundance was recorded over two-minute intervals within pools in Quebrada Prieta A and Quebrada Prieta B. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
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