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9 results for “Little Ice Age”
Influence of Little Ice Age on New England Vegetation from 2000 BP to Present
This multi-proxy study uses paleoecological, paleolimnological, and historical approaches to reconstruct climate, vegetation, and cultural dynamics over the past 1500 years at sites arrayed across the climatic and forest gradients of New England and to place these results in a regional framework through analysis of pollen records from the North American Pollen Database. High resolution records were obtained using pollen to interpret vegetation history; chironomids, stable isotopes, geochemistry, and diatoms, supplemented by historical reconstructions, to interpret climate history; charcoal and land-use data to document the human impacts; and Pb-210 and C-14 for chronological control. Results will provide: (1) an objective characterization of the Little Ice Age and climate history in New England, (2) comparison of pre- and post-European forest dynamics in relationship to independent environmental and land-use histories, (3) a reexamination of historical vegetation dynamics in light of prior climate an vegetation change, and (4) widespread availability of data and results through publications, symposium presentation, and the Harvard Forest Archives and web pages.
Advance and retreat of glaciers during the end of the Little Ice Age in Europe
<p>Input data and model results of Huss&Förster (2019), L'avancée et le recul des glaciers pendant le Petit Age Glaciaire. Actes du colloque du Giétro, 14./15.juin, 2018. In: Annales Valaisannes, publication of the SHVR.</p> <p>Refer to file header for the description of all variables.</p> <p> </p>
Reevaluating the Little Ice Age: Novel insights from oceanic and terrestrial records on unexpected warm winters
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Supplementary data for: "Emergence of Potential Anadromous Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus) Habitats in the Svalbard Archipelago after the End of the Little Ice Age"
<p><strong>Supplementary data for: “Emergence of Potential Anadromous Arctic Charr (<em>Salvelinus alpinus</em>) Habitats in the Svalbard Archipelago after the End of the Little Ice Age” </strong></p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008367">https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008367</a></p> <p> </p> <p>Abstract: Glaciers in the Svalbard Archipelago are retreating rapidly in response to climate change. The retreat of glaciers leads to alteration of the hydrological and thermal regimes of the freshwater ecosystems. In this delicate context, existing anadromous Arctic charr (<em>Salvelinus alpinus</em>) populations are at severe risk and might disappear from the archipelago. However, the retreat of glaciers also promotes the formation of new lake systems that might be suitable for colonization by anadromous Arctic charr. These systems may provide a substantial opportunity for the establishment of new populations of anadromous charr, potentially buffering the decline in existing systems. To date, there is a lack of information on the number of recently deglaciated lake systems that have emerged since the end of the Little Ice Age (ca. 1920) that might be suitable for charr colonization. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to provide an initial assessment of the number of these lakes. To this end, and in accordance with previously published research, this study assesses whether a recently deglaciated lake system is potentially open to colonization based on gradient, river length, and lake surface area. Depending on the applied threshold (four in total), up to 24 lake systems are classified as potentially open to colonization by anadromous Arctic charr, with Spitsbergen emerging as a colonization hotspot. The findings of this paper might serve as basis for new studies and for implementing proactive management and conservation strategies to protect anadromous charr populations.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data description:</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><em>Recently_Deglaciated_Systems</em> [EPGS: 25833] - Shapefile containing the information of 168 lake systems that emerged between 1936/1938 and 2020 in the Svalbard Archipelago</p> <p>ID: Identification number</p> <p>X: Easting</p> <p>Y: Northing</p> <p>Fall?: Presence of the lake system in fall (with dates when the lake was visible in satellite images)</p> <p>Spring?: Presence of the lake system in spring (with dates when the lake was visible in satellite images)</p> <p>Info: information regarding the type of system (i.e., larger lake surrounded by lakes and ponds or system of multiple lakes and ponds). If blank, lake is considered single.</p> <p> </p> <p><em>Analysis</em> [EPGS: 25833] - Shapefile containing the analysis of 125 lake systems with connection to the ocean.</p> <p>ID: Identification number</p> <p>X: Easting</p> <p>Y: Northing</p> <p>Surface (km<sup>2</sup>): Surface of the connected recently deglaciated lake system (km<sup>2</sup>)</p> <p>Elevation (m): Elevation of the outlet (m)</p> <p>Length (m): River length (m)</p> <p>Slope (%): Slope of the river (%)</p> <p>SV1: Result of the classification with SV1</p> <p>SV2: Result of the classification with SV2</p> <p>HY: Result of the classification with HY</p> <p>NO: Result of the classification with NO</p>
Maps of anomalies in heavy rainfall across Central Europe from the Little Ice Age to near present
<p>This dataset includes the data displayed in</p> <p>Förster, K., Thiele, L.-B. (2020): Variations in sub-daily precipitation at centennial scale. <em>npj Clim Atmos Sci</em> <strong>3, </strong>13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0117-1</p> <p>For each year, a csv file is provided containing anomalies as xyz point data (latitude, longitude, anomaly), referring to the center of each grid cell (~30 km).</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
The Vegetation Dynamics in Response to Cooling Events from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age in Southeast China
<p>Full palynological dataset from three-peats (Wangdongyang peat bog: WDY, 27°40′48″N、119°38′15″E, elevation: 1303 m; Xiyaohu peat bog: XYH15, 28°44′N, 115°40′E, elevation: 735m and XYH14 is close to XYH15; Yuhuashan peat bog: YHS2, 27°50′29″N, 115°38′54.98″E, elevation: 882 m) in the southeast of China.</p> <p>The dataset contains raw counts for pollen and ferns.</p>
Using a Web Map Service to map Little Ice Age glacier extents at regional scales
<p>Extending the record of glacier area changes into the past improves our understanding of climate change impacts. Although analogue maps showing historic glacier extents are abundant, digital outlines from before the satellite era are sparse as the digitisation of moraines and trimlines on freely available satellite images is challenging. With the now available very high-resolution images provided by Web Map Services (WMS), new doors are open for the precise digitisation. Here, we used the ESRI WMS to digitise Little Ice Age (LIA) glacier extents and present area changes since the LIA in four selected regions along with a detailed uncertainty analysis. We used modern glacier outlines as a starting point and additionally consulted Sentinel-2 images, the ArcticDEM and historic maps for interpretation. Dating records from the literature allowed calculating area change rates. In total, 493 LIA glaciers (4640 km2, now 891 ice bodies with 3590 km2) were digitised, yielding relative area changes of −20% (−0.14% a−1), −15% (−0.10% a−1), −26% (−0.16% a−1) and −61% (−0.19% a−1) for Alaska, Baffin Island, Novaya Zemlya and the tropics, respectively. The ESRI WMS images are a great asset to precisely map moraines and trimlines, but information about the timing of the related extents requires further sources.</p>
Data from: Spatio-temporal changes of Svalbard lagoon systems in the post-Little-Ice-Age period (1936–2021)
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A continuous margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet for the Little Ice Age maximum
<p>The LIA extent was identified and extracted using known techniques of band combinations in remote sensing but applied to look at a terrestrial landscape through a new lens. The marginal zone of the LIA is denoted by little or no vegetation, disturbed sediment, moraines, trimlines, little or no soil development and the exposed rock surfaces are unweathered. Sentinel 2 images were downloaded from USGS Earth Explorer from July- September 2021 to show the peak vegetation season. Scenes with less than 10% cloudiness were chosen. The band combination to identify the LIA extent is B11 (Short Wave Infrared: SWIR), B8 (Near Infrared: NIR), and B2 (Blue). </p><p>The Reclassify Spatial Analyst tool was used to perform an unsupervised classification and geoprocessing to change the value in a raster, from a range to a single value. Image classification is the conversion of a multi-band raster image, such as Sentinel-2, to a single-band raster with defined categories to represent the desired land cover.</p><p>The mask is a visual map of the entire area covered by the GrIS during the LIA maximum. </p><p> The LIA mask was created in projection Stereographic North (ESPG3413) to match the BedMachine product. The data is available for use in 30 x 30m, 150 x 150m and 1 x 1km resolutions in NetCDF Files. It is also available as .tif in 30 x 30m, 150 x 150m and 1 x 1km resolutions and a .shp and .kmz files to be useable in modelling, GIS (Arc & QGIS), and Google Earth. </p>
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