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547 results for “Lizard Island”
Near-shore island lizard fauna shaped by a combination of human-mediated and natural dispersal
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Island biotas provide opportunities to study colonization and adaptation to novel environments. Islands, especially near-shore islands, may have a long record of human habitation such that some lineages result from human-assisted introductions. Here, we combine phylogenetic analyses with fossil data and historical specimen records to reconstruct colonization histories, characterize among-island divergence, and assess the role of humans in shaping the evolutionary history of lizards inhabiting a near-shore island archipelago.</p> <p><strong>Location: </strong>Channel Islands and adjacent mainland of California, USA.</p> <p><strong>Taxa: </strong>Western fence lizard ( <em>Sceloporus occidentalis</em>), southern alligator lizard (<em>Elgaria multicarinata</em>), common side-blotched lizard (<em>Uta stansburiana</em>).</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We sequenced mitochondrial DNA (ND1, cyt-b) from each of three lizard species, covering their entire island distributions plus the adjacent mainland. For each, we estimated diversity within and among each island, obtained maximum likelihood bootstrapped phylogenies, constructed haplotype networks, and tested for population expansion. We used museum specimen records and microfossil evidence to infer colonization scenarios.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong> <em>Sceloporus occidentalis</em> is characterized by a single island-colonization event, and exhibits the deepest divergences from mainland relatives and the highest among-island divergence. <em>Elgaria multicarinata</em> and <em>Uta stansburiana</em> each have at least three distinct colonization events, with fossil and historical data indicating that some of these occurred after humans arrived to the islands.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions:</strong> The evolution of Channel Island lineages for two lizard taxa has been mediated by ancient and contemporary anthropogenic activity, while the evolution of the third is shaped by natural dispersal and vicariance caused by sea-level rise. Genetic divergence corroborates the treatment of <em>S. occidentalis</em> as an endemic island species, <em>S. becki</em>. The unique histories of these three taxa are synthesized with other Channel Island lineages highlighting that taxa inhabiting islands with long histories of human activity should be carefully studied to assess the role of people in facilitating colonization and subsequent gene flow. </p>
FIGURE 2 in Massif Speciation Events in New Caledonian Lizards: Diversification in the Genus Marmorosphax (Scincidae) Tracks Isolation on the Island's Ultramafic Surfaces
FIGURE 2. Persistent high elevation cloud formation on northwest Massif Katépahié (adjacent to the Massif de Koniambo) during the dry season.
FIGURE 5 in Massif Speciation Events in New Caledonian Lizards: Diversification in the Genus Marmorosphax (Scincidae) Tracks Isolation on the Island's Ultramafic Surfaces
FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic relationships amongst the species and populations of Marmorosphax. Likelihood topology with UFboot and BPP Bayesian posterior probabilities shown respectively. UFboot equal to 100 and BPP equal to 1.0 are represented at nodes with black circles. The numbers in squares represent the four major groups of Marmorosphax and numbers present in circles represent groups for pairwise comparisons. – indicate nodes not recovered by both phylogenetic analyses.
Figure. The adult male of Podarcis lilfordi from Sa Dragonera, Mallorca (Balearic Islands), presenting a tail-like appendage in the left hind limb. in A case of limb regeneration in a wild adult Podarcis lilfordi lizard
Figure. The adult male of Podarcis lilfordi from Sa Dragonera, Mallorca (Balearic Islands), presenting a tail-like appendage in the left hind limb.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Lizard Island Research Station.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Lizard Island Research Station". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/c6ca96bc-7cf5-4fe7-ac44-d01e06394ef3">https://bionomia.net/dataset/c6ca96bc-7cf5-4fe7-ac44-d01e06394ef3</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/c6ca96bc-7cf5-4fe7-ac44-d01e06394ef3">https://gbif.org/dataset/c6ca96bc-7cf5-4fe7-ac44-d01e06394ef3</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: DNA barcoding the fishes of Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "DNA barcoding the fishes of Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/d03ce806-e16f-4cdb-a964-0b965523b908">https://bionomia.net/dataset/d03ce806-e16f-4cdb-a964-0b965523b908</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/d03ce806-e16f-4cdb-a964-0b965523b908">https://gbif.org/dataset/d03ce806-e16f-4cdb-a964-0b965523b908</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Figure 1 in Haematozoans, mites and body condition in the oceanic island lizard Gallotia atlantica (Peters and Doria, 1882) (Reptilia: Lacertidae)
Figure 1. Relationship between body condition and percent haematozoan (haemogregarine) infestation in the lizard Gallotia atlantica in the Alegranza islet (n534 lizards). The equation is a parametric regression (line) between the two parameters, showing the multiple correlation coefficient R-squared (not significant).
Near-shore island lizard fauna shaped by a combination of human-mediated and natural dispersal
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Data from: What need for speed? Lizards from islands missing predators sprint slower
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Character displacement in the midst of background evolution in island populations of Anolis lizards: a spatiotemporal perspective
<p>Negative interactions between species can generate divergent selection that causes character displacement. However, other processes cause similar divergence. We use spatial and temporal replication of island populations of <i>Anolis </i>lizards to assess the importance of negative interactions in driving trait shifts. Previous work showed that the establishment of <i>Anolis sagrei </i>drove resident <i>Anolis carolinensis </i>to perch higher and evolve larger toepads. To further test the interaction's causality and predictability, we resurveyed a subset of islands nine years later. <i>Anolis sagrei</i> had established on one island between surveys. We found that <i>A. carolinensis </i>on this island now perch higher and have larger toepads. However, toepad morphology change on this island was not distinct from shifts on six other islands whose <i>Anolis </i>community composition had not changed. Thus, the presence of <i>A. sagrei </i>only partly explains <i>A. carolinensis </i>trait<i> </i>variation across space and time<i>. </i>We also find that <i>A. </i><i>carolinensis</i> on islands with previously established <i>A. sagrei</i> now perch higher than a decade ago, and that current <i>A. carolinensis </i>perch height is correlated with <i>A. sagrei</i> density. Our results suggest that character displacement likely interacts with other evolutionary processes in this system, and that temporal data are key to detecting such interactions.</p>
Data from: Climate change, extinction, and Sky Island biogeography in a montane lizard
Around the world, many species are confined to "Sky Islands," with different populations in isolated patches of montane habitat. How does this pattern arise? One scenario is that montane species were widespread in lowlands when climates were cooler, and were isolated by local extinction caused by warming conditions. This scenario implies that many montane species may be highly susceptible to anthropogenic warming. Here, we test this scenario in a montane lizard (Sceloporus jarrovii) from the Madrean Sky Islands of southeastern Arizona. We combined data from field surveys, climate, population genomics, and physiology. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that this species' current distribution is explained by local extinction caused by past climate change. However, our results for this species differ from simple expectations in several ways: (1) their absence at lower elevations is related to warm winter temperatures, not hot summer temperatures; (2) they appear to exclude a low-elevation congener from higher elevations, not the converse; (3) they are apparently absent from many climatically suitable but low mountain ranges, seemingly "pushed off the top" by climates even warmer than those today; (4) despite the potential for dispersal among ranges during recent glacial periods (~18,000 years ago), populations in different ranges diverged ~4.5–0.5 million years ago and remained largely distinct; and (5) body temperatures are inversely related to climatic temperatures among sites. These results may have implications for many other Sky Island systems. More broadly, we suggest that Sky Island species may be relevant for predicting responses to future warming.
Data from: Genetic depletion does not prevent rapid evolution in island-introduced lizards
<p>Experimental introductions of species have provided some of the most tractable examples of rapid phenotypic changes, which may reflect plasticity, the impact of stochastic processes, or the action of natural selection. Yet to date, very few studies have investigated the neutral and potentially adaptive genetic impacts of experimental introductions. We dissect the role of these processes in shaping the population differentiation of wall lizards in three Croatian islands (Sušac, Pod Kopište, Pod Mrčaru), including the islet of Pod Mrčaru where experimentally introduced lizards underwent rapid (~30 generations) phenotypic changes associated to a shift from an insectivorous to a plant-based diet. Using a genomic approach (~82,000 ddRAD loci), we confirmed a founder effect during introduction, and very low neutral genetic differentiation between the introduced population and its source. However, genetic depletion did not prevent rapid population growth, as the introduced lizards exhibited population genetic signals of expansion and are known to have reached a high density. Our genome-scan analysis identified just a handful of loci showing large allelic shifts between ecologically divergent populations. This low overall signal of selection suggests that the extreme phenotypic differences observed among populations are determined by a small number of large-effect loci, and/or that phenotypic plasticity plays a major role in phenotypic changes. Nonetheless, functional annotation of the outlier loci revealed some candidate genes relevant to diet-induced adaptation, in agreement with the hypothesis of directional selection. Our study provides important insights on the evolutionary potential of bottlenecked populations in response to new selective pressures on short ecological timescales.</p>
Coral Reef Soundscapes - Lizard Island, Australia
<p>Repository to support the publication: Unlocking the soundscapes of coral reefs with artificial intelligence. Williams et al (2024) https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.02.578582.</p> <p>If using this data please cite or acknowledge the paper.</p> <p>This repository contains all the raw data from the Australian coral reef soundscape dataset. Note, some site names were switched for the publication, so differ to the raw files in this repository. For conversions use:</p> <p>This repo -> The publication</p> <p>SiteA -> Site A<br>SiteB -> Site G<br>SiteC -> Site D<br>SiteD -> Site E<br>SiteE -> Site B<br>SiteF -> Site I<br>SiteG -> Site H<br>SiteH -> Site L<br>SiteI -> Site C<br>SiteJ -> Site F<br>SiteK -> Site J<br>SiteL -> Site K</p>
Data for: The hydrodynamics of Lizard Island lagoon, Great Barrier Reef
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Data from: Hurricane-induced selection on the morphology of an island lizard
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Sex-specific consequences of juvenile dispersal for survival and reproduction in an island lizard
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Behavioural complementarity among frugivorous birds and lizards can promote plant diversity in island ecosystems
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Data from: Pulsed seaweed subsidies drive sequential shifts in the effects of lizard predators on island food webs
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Data from: Climate change, extinction, and Sky Island biogeography in a montane lizard
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Character displacement in the midst of background evolution in island populations of Anolis lizards: a spatiotemporal perspective
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