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Fig. 12 in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 12. Guestphalinus elephantinus Fend & Rodriguez sp. nov. A–B (upper) from Clearwater River, WA; C, H, K from Shale Creek, WA (type locality); D–E from Satsop River, WA; B (lower), F–G, N–Q from Guadalupe Creek, CA; I–J, L–M from Peavine Ridge, OR. A. Anterior end of cleared worm. B. Chaetae in II-III, comparing worms from northern (upper) and southern (lower) populations. C. Dorsal chaetae in II. D. The outer chaeta in II, showing the "secondary nodulus". E–F. Inner dorsal chaeta in II; E shows folded keel. G. Modified dorsal chaetae in II. H. Posterior ventral chaeta. I. Posterior ventral chaeta with bifid tip. J. Transverse section of anterior segment, showing lobes of pharyngeal glands. K. Body wall in anterior segment. L. Spermathecal pore. M. Male pore. N. Ectal part of spermatheca from a dissected, mated worm. O. Expanded atrial duct (type 2 penis?) at male pore. P. Copulatory gland. Q. Female funnel and pore on intersegment 10/11. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–I, K–M = 50 µm; J, N–Q = 100 µm.

Fig. 13 in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 13. BA consensus tree derived from the concatenated sequences of COI, 16S rRNA and 28S rRNA genes. Numbers beside internal branches indicate BA posterior probabilities (≥ 0.90) and ML bootstrap values (≥ 70%). The geographical location for two specimens of K. hexatheca Altman, 1936 is given under the taxon name.

Fig. 11 in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 11. Guestphalinus elephantinus Fend & Rodriguez sp. nov. A. Ventral view of two worms from Shale Creek, WA (type locality); upper drawing is the holotype, lower is a post-reproductive worm. B. Ventral view of segment IX, showing genital field of a mature worm from Guadalupe Creek, CA; secretory openings of 5 glands are visible, in addition to paired male and spermathecal pores. C. Anterior end, from Peavine Ridge spring, OR, showing position of chaetae in II-IV. D. Anterior end of worm from Middle Fork Satsop River, WA. E. Reproductive organs of a mated worm from Shale Creek (holotype). F. Segment IX of an unmated worm, Peavine Ridge. G. Atrium and spermatheca in IX of a mated, but slightly post-mature worm from Clearwater River, WA; sperm present in spermatheca, but atrium is reduced in size. H. Reproductive organs in segments VIII–XII of a mated, mature worm from Guadalupe Creek, CA.

Fig. 7 in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 7. Guestphalinus exilis Fend & Rodriguez sp. nov., external characters. A–C, E–G from Squaw Creek, CA (the type locality); D, H from South Fork Eel River, CA; I from Stony Creek, CA. A–B. Ventral views of two worms, showing positions of genital pores: A is partially-mature, with 3 glands opening around male and spermathecal pores; B is from a reproductively-mature worm, dashed line encloses the non-clitellar genital field with 5 glands opening around spermathecal and male pores. C–D. Anterior end, showing orientation of chaetae. E–G. Selected chaetae from typical specimens; G shows relative position of dorsal chaetae in II and III. H–I. Selected chaetae from partially-mature worms. Chaetae are numbered by segment (Roman numerals), followed by "d" (dorsal) or "v" (ventral). Scale bars: A–B = 2 mm; C–D = 1 mm; E–I = 100 Mm.

Fig. 5 in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend & Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal "duct" and "ampulla"; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm.

Fig. 10 in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 10. Guestphalinus elephantinus Fend & Rodriguez sp. nov., various sites, arranged approximately north-south; paired chaetae; d = dorsal bundle, v = ventral. A. From Shale Creek, WA (type locality). B–C. From Clearwater River, WA; C shows II and III in relative positions at top. D. West Fork Satsop River, WA. E. Tucannon River, WA; II dorsal bundle with 1 replacement chaeta. F. Euchre Creek, OR. G. Mule Creek at Rogue River, OR; II and III dorsal are shown in relative positions. H. Spring at Peavine Ridge, OR. I–J. A mature and immature worm from Guadalupe Creek, CA; II and III shown in relative positions; XL ventral and C ventral in I have partially-developed replacements; II ventral chaetae partially-developed in J. Scale bars: 100 µm.

Fig. 6 in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 6. Guestphalinus wiardi (Michaelsen, 1933); A–E a sectioned worm from Slovenia, Hrabě's collection; F–I, a dissected Italian specimen. A. Male duct and spermatheca in IX, reconstructed from sections; pore from a copulatory gland (not shown) opens next to spermathecal pore. B. Atrium and male porophore. C. Copulatory gland. D. Spermathecal pore and duct. E. Anterior male funnel with vas deferens entering pre-atrial segment. F. Posterior ventral chaeta, showing grooved dorsal tooth. G. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, figure rotated to face to right. H. Detail of G, showing position of copulatory gland, from median view. I. Branched lateral blood vessel in posterior segment. Scale bars: A, G–H = 200 Mm; B, E, I = 100 Mm; C–D, F = 50 Mm.

Fig. 2. Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936 from various sites. A, K–O in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 2. Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936 from various sites. A, K–O from the sagittally sectioned lectotype, Loomis Lake, WA; B–C from Hoh River, WA; D from Inglenook Fen, CA; E–I from Big Creek, OR; J from O'Brien, OR. A-I. Tips of chaetae in anterior segments. A. IV ventral. B. VI dorsal. C. V ventral. D. V dorsal. E. IV dorsal. F. V ventral, frontal view. G. V ventral, chaeta with keel folded over. H. Dorsal, posterior segment. I. XV, ventral. J. Transverse section of anterior segment, showing 3-lobed pharyngeal gland. K. Ringed proboscis. L. Body wall in anterior segment, showing bands of circular muscle. M. Spermathecal ampulla, with concentrated sperm. N. Male porophore and penis. O. Atrium, prostate glands and vas deferens. Scale bars: A–I = 50 µm; J, L–O = 200 µm; K = 500 Mm.

Fig. 3. Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936, reproductive organs. A–B in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 3. Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936, reproductive organs. A–B. From Hoh River, WA; (A) segments IX-XI; (B) atrium and spermathecae with expanded ampullae in IX-X. C–D. From Rogue River, OR; (C) reproductive organs in IX-XI from an atypical worm with long atria; (D) atrium and spermatheca in IX, from a typical worm.

Fig. 1. Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936 from various sites. A–B in On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species

Fig. 1. Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936 from various sites. A–B. Complete worms, ventral view of anterior segments, from McKenzie River, OR (A), and from Big Creek, OR (B). C–M. Representative (mostly anterior) chaetae from different populations (ordered approximately north-south); dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Hoh River, WA. D. Pool at Bogachiel River, WA. E. Salmon Creek watershed, WA, anterior dorsal pair. F–G. Two specimens from Big Creek, OR; tip of one dorsal chaeta with keel folded over. H. Rogue River, OR. I. From a Darlingtonia bog, O'Brien, OR. J–K. Two specimens from spring near Mule Creek, OR; K is from a smaller specimen, with simple-pointed chaetae. L. Illinois River, OR; older chaetae simple-pointed (worn?), replacements bifid. M. Inglenook Fen, CA. Scale bars: A–B = 2 mm; C–M = 200 Mm.

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FIGURE 2. Eremidrilus artzaini n in New Eremidrilus species (Clitellata: Lumbriculidae) from western North America Part 1, species with two spermathecal segments

FIGURE 2. Eremidrilus artzaini n. sp. from Summit Creek. A. Chaeta, VIII ventral. B. Atria, from a dissected worm. C. Atrium, sagittal section. D. Transverse section of atrium, near base of ampulla, with vas deferens deeply embedded in muscle layer. E. Vas deferens embedded in atrial muscle layer, from a transverse section. F. Detail of atrial ampulla, showing muscle layer, narrow epithelium and short prostates, transverse section. G. Male pore on small papilla within concave porophore, from a transverse section. H. First spermathecal ampulla, sagittal section. I, J. Spermathecal ducts, transverse sections. Note: in Figures 2A-C, the specimen is facing left.

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FIGURE 1. Eremidrilus artzaini n in New Eremidrilus species (Clitellata: Lumbriculidae) from western North America Part 1, species with two spermathecal segments

FIGURE 1. Eremidrilus artzaini n. sp. from Wildhorse Creek (A); East Fork Big Lost River (B–D, F); Summit Creek (E). A. Anterior end, external view of an unmounted worm; arrows indicate limits of clitellum. B. Chaetal pairs; left to right: III dorsal, III ventral, XII ventral. C. Atria, transverse section in X. D. Spermathecae, transverse section in XI; arrows indicate position of ventral chaetae. E. Reproductive organs, segments X–XII; both spermathecal pairs with sperm. F. Reproductive organs, segments X–XII; sperm funnels and spermatheca in XII without sperm.

FIGURE 16 in A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae), with description of a new species from western North America

FIGURE 16. Eclipidrilus palustris (AB, GH, from the type series, Polk Co., Florida), (C, EF, Rock Springs Run, Florida), (D, Tootoosahatchee Creek, Florida). A—sagittal section of X, showing ventral pad and associated muscle. B—male pore, showing epidermal fold, with part of penis protruding; sagittal section. C—transverse section of penial structure. D—ental end of penial structure; sagittal section of a partially mature worm. E—spermathecal vestibule, from a transverse section. F—atrial ampulla, transverse section showing muscle layers and small prostate glands. Gental part of atrial ampulla, with outer muscle layer diagonal to the long axis; sagittal section. Hectal part of atrial ampulla, with outer muscle parallel to long axis. Abbreviations: ad—atrial duct; ef—epidermal fold; lm—longitudinaldiagonal muscle; mu—muscle; pe—penis; pp—penial papilla; ps—penial sac; tm—transversecircular muscle. Scale bars 50 µm.

FIGURE 15 in A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae), with description of a new species from western North America

FIGURE 15. Eclipidrilus palustris (A, Hogan's Branch, Florida), (B, Roaring Creek, Florida), (C, Tootoosahatchee Creek, Florida). A—ventral view of a highly contracted specimen, showing protruded penes. B—sagittal view of male pore with protruded penis. C—atrium and penial structure of a partially mature worm, sagittal view. Abbreviations: aa—atrial ampulla; ef—epidermal fold; pe—penis; pp—penial papilla; ps—penial sac. Scale bars 1 mm (A), 100 µm (B–C).

FIGURE 14 in A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae), with description of a new species from western North America

FIGURE 14. Head and pharynx of Eclipidrilus species; sagittal sections. A—E. pacificus, from Peavine Ridge, Oregon, showing the thin ventral wall of the pharynx. B—E. lacustris, from the Swan River, Montana; the pharynx is nearly as thick ventrally as dorsally.

FIGURE 13 in A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae), with description of a new species from western North America

FIGURE 13. Eclipidrilus lacustris, from Swan River, Montana (AE); E. ithys, from Spicket River, Massachusetts (F). A—muscle layers of atrial ampulla, sagittal section: fibers of inner, transversediagonal layer appear crosshatched in center, and as alternating layers in sagittally sectioned wall; thin outer layer has longitudinal fibers. B—transverse section of atrial ampulla and prostate glands; a vas deferens is embedded between the thin longitudinal muscle layer and the thick inner layer. C—male pore, showing ectal end of atrial duct and the collar of thickened epidermis; from a transverse section. D—spermathecal pore, showing end of duct with narrow, terminal sphincter, sagittal section. E—spermathecal ampulla and part of duct; thinwalled ectal part of ampulla is to the left, thickwalled ental part to the right; sagittal section. F—ectal part of atrial duct, showing undifferentiated lining cells. Abbreviations: ag—accessory gland; ep—epithelium; lm—longitudinal muscle; muPmuscle; sa—spermathecal ampulla; sd—spermathecal duct; sp—spermathecal pore; tmtransversediagonal muscle. Scale bars 50 µm.

FIGURE 12 in A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae), with description of a new species from western North America

FIGURE 12. Eclipidrilus frigidus (A, C–E, Big Spring at Bassets, California), (B,F, Jackass Creek, California). A—penial sac, with penis extruded through the papilla, into the sac; sagittal section of a mature worm. B—ectal end of penial structure of a nearly mature worm, with partially developed sac and papilla, and irregular lumen; sagittal section. C—penial structure near ectal end, showing fibrous epithelium; sagittal section of a mature worm. D—outer (longitudinaldiagonal) muscle layer of atrial ampulla, sagittal section of a mature worm. E—atrial ampulla, transverse section of a mature worm. F—ectal duct of spermatheca, showing ectal expansion of duct, sagittal section of a nearly mature worm. Abbreviations: lm—longitudinaldiagonal muscle; mu—muscle; pe—penis; pp—penial papilla; pr—prostate gland; ps—penial sac; tm—transversecircular muscle. Scale bars 50 µm.

FIGURE 11 in A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae), with description of a new species from western North America

FIGURE 11. Eclipidrilus frigidus (A, Rainy Day Creek, Idaho), (BC, I, Upper Butt Valley Creek, California), (DE, Jackass Creek, California), (F, H, North Fork Stanislaus River, California), (G, Little Gallagher Creek, Idaho). A—anterior segments of a whole worm, showing lateral papilla at 10/11. B—ventral view of a cleared, mature whole mount, showing coiled penes extruded through the male pores. C—partially protruded penis of a mature whole mount, showing outer muscle layer and coiled lumen. DE—partially mature worms; ectal ends of atrial ducts (outer muscle coat not shown), showing partial development of the penial sac from an undifferentiated male duct. F—a mature worm, showing the partially protruded penis within the penial sac. GH—spermathecae of mature worms, from dissections. I—spermatheca of partially mature worm, with welldeveloped duct. Abbreviations: de—spermathecal duct expansion; ef—epidermal fold; mp—male pore; pepenis; pp—penial papilla; ps—penial sac; sa—spermathecal ampulla. Scale bars 1 mm (A), 100 µm (BI).