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48 results for “Macaca fascicularis”
Fig. 2 in Preliminary Report On Mitochondrial Dna Variation In Macaca Fascicularis From Singapore
Fig. 2. Neighbor-joining trees for each of five mtDNA gene fragments including: A, cytochrome b; B, 12s rRNA; C, COI; D, COII; E, COIII. Bootstrap support values are presented at each node.
Fig. 3 in Preliminary Report On Mitochondrial Dna Variation In Macaca Fascicularis From Singapore
Fig. 3. Maximum parsimony trees for each of five mtDNA gene fragments including: A, cytochrome b; B, 12s rRNA; C, COI; D, COII; E, COIII. Bootstrap support values are presented at each node.
Fig. 1 in Preliminary Report On Mitochondrial Dna Variation In Macaca Fascicularis From Singapore
Fig. 1. Map of sample locations within the Bukit Timah (BTNR) and Central Catchment (CCNR) Nature Reserves.
Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis anatomical and functional MRI data
<p> </p> <p>The ION dataset includes anatomical, field map, and fMRI data from 8 monkeys: 4 <em>Macaca mulatta</em> and 4 <em>Macaca fascicularis.</em></p> <p>The data is provided both as a directory structure compressed as <code>all_the_data.zip</code>, and as individual files. The correspondence between the directory structure and the individual files is contained in the file <code>tree.json</code>. The bash command <code>source unflatten.sh</code> can be used to convert the individual files into the original directory structure.</p> <p><strong>Scanner Specifications</strong></p> <ul> <li>Siemens Tim Trio 3T whole-body scanner with or without head-only gradient insert (Siemens AC88)</li> <li>8-channel phased-array transceiver coils</li> <li>Optimization of the magnetic field prior to data acquisition: Manual shimming</li> </ul> <p><strong>Sample Description</strong></p> <ul> <li>Sample size: 8</li> <li>Age distribution: 3.80-5.99 years</li> <li>Weight distribution: 5.0-10.2 kg</li> <li>Sex distribution: 7 male, 1 female</li> </ul> <p>Click <a href="http://fcon_1000.projects.nitrc.org/indi/PRIME/files/ion.csv">here</a> for the full sample description (.csv download)</p> <p><strong>Scan Procedures and Parameters</strong></p> <p><em>Ethics approval:</em> All experimental procedures for nonhuman primate research were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee in the Institute of Neuroscience and by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and conformed to National Institutes of Health guidelines for the humane care and use of laboratory animals.</p> <p><em>Animal care and housing:</em> Animals were housed in single cage</p> <p><em>Any applicable training:</em> none</p> <p><strong>Scanning preparations</strong></p> <p><em>Anesthesia procedures:</em> Anesthesia of the animals was inducted with an intramuscular injection of a cocktail of dexmedetomidine (18 - 30 µg/kg) and midazolam (0.2 - 0.3 mg/kg), supplemented with atropine sulfate (0.05 mg/kg). After intubation, anesthesia was maintained using the lowest possible concentration of isoflurane gas via a MRI-compatible ventilator.</p> <p><em>Time between anesthesia and scanning:</em> Scanning lasted about 1.5 hours after induction.</p> <p><em>Head fixation:</em> Custom-built MRI-compatible stereotaxic frame</p> <p><em>Position in scanner and procedure used:</em> Sphinx position</p> <p><em>Contrast agent:</em> none</p> <p><strong>During scanning</strong></p> <p><em>Physiological monitoring:</em> Physiological parameters including blood oxygenation, ECG, rectal temperature, respiration rate and end-tidal CO<sub>2</sub> were monitored. Oxygen saturation was kept over 95%.</p> <p><em>Additional procedures:</em> Animals were ventilated by a MRI-compatible ventilator. Body temperature was kept constant using hot water blanket.</p> <p><strong>Scan sequences</strong></p> <ul> <li>Resting-state: <ul> <li>Gradient-echo EPI</li> <li>TR: 2000ms</li> <li>TE: 29ms</li> <li>Flip angle: 77°</li> <li>Field of view: 96 x 96 mm</li> <li>In plane resolution: 1.5 x 1.5 mm</li> <li>Slices number: 32</li> <li>Slice thickness: 2.5mm</li> <li>GRAPPA factor: 2</li> <li>Measurements: 200</li> <li>Slice direction: Coronal slice</li> </ul> </li> <li>Structural: <ul> <li>T1 MPRAGE Sequence</li> <li>Voxel resolution: 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 mm</li> <li>TE: 3.12ms</li> <li>TR: 2500ms</li> <li>TI: 1100ms</li> <li>Flip angle: 9°</li> <li>Slice direction: 44 sagittal slices</li> <li>Number of averages: 2</li> </ul> </li> <li>Additional: <ul> <li>Field map: a pair of gradient echo images</li> <li>TE1: 4.22ms</li> <li>TE2: 6.68ms</li> <li>Orientation and resolution: same as resting-state images</li> <li>Intended for EPI distortion correction</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Publications</strong></p> <ul> <li>Lv, Q., Yang, L., Li, G., Wang, Z., Shen, Z., Yu, W., Jiang, Q., Hou, B., Pu, J., Hu, H., & Wang, Z. (2016). Large-Scale Persistent Network Reconfiguration Induced by Ketamine in Anesthetized Monkeys: Relevance to Mood Disorders. Biological Psychiatry, 79(9), 765–775. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.02.028">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.02.028</a></li> </ul> <p><strong>Personnel</strong></p> <p>Zheng Wang<sup>1</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup>Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>The authors thank Drs. Lawrence Wald, Ravi Menon, John Gore, Franz Schmitt, Renate Jerecic, Thomas Benner, Kecheng Liu, Ignacio Vallines, and Hui Liu for their generous help and contribution to the construction of our custom-tuned gradient-insert (AC88) 3T MRI facility for nonhuman primate subjects.</p> <p><strong>Funding</strong></p> <ul> <li>Hundred Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Technology) (Zheng Wang)</li> <li>Chinese 973 Program (2011CBA00400)</li> <li>The “Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB02030004)</li> <li>The Outstanding Youth Grant (Hailan Hu)</li> </ul> <p>Detailed information can be found at <a href="http://fcon_1000.projects.nitrc.org/indi/PRIME/ion.html">http://fcon_1000.projects.nitrc.org/indi/PRIME/ion.html</a>.</p> <p><strong>Citation</strong> </p> <ul> <li>Wang, Z. (2019). Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis anatomical and functional MRI data [Data set]. Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3402112">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3402112</a>.</li> <li>Milham, M. P., Ai, L., Koo, B., Xu, T., Amiez, C., Balezeau, F., … Schroeder, C. E. (2018). An Open Resource for Non-human Primate Imaging. Neuron, 100(1), 61–74.e2. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.08.039">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2018.08.039</a>.</li> </ul>
Fig 1 in Evolutionary relationships of Macaca fascicularis fascicularis (Raffles 1821) (Primates: Cercopithecidae) from Singapore revealed by Bayesian analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences
Fig 1. Map of Southeast Asia showing the approximate location of the new (Singapore and Bali) and GenBank sequences included in the study. Numbers correspond to the following locations (haplotype IDs in parentheses): ★, Singapore (Sing1–3); 1, Vietnam (Viet1 & 2); 2, Cambodia (Camb1 & 2); 3, Thailand (Thai1); 4, Thailand (Thai2); 5, Malaysia (Selangor1 & 2); 6, Malaysia (Johor); 7, south Sumatra, Indonesia (Sumatra1 & 2, Java1); 8, Java (Java1); 9, Kalimantan, Borneo (Borneo3); 10, Sarawak, Borneo (Borneo1); 11, Sepilok, Borneo (Borneo2); 12, Bali, Indonesia (Bali1 & 2); 13, Sibuyan, Philippines (Phil1); 14, Bangkok, Thailand (Thai3 & 4); 15, Malaysia (W. Malay); 16, Malaysia (E. Malay2); 17 Malaysia (E. Malay1);18, north Sumatra (Sumatra3–6, 9); 19, west Borneo, Indonesia (Borneo9); 20, west Borneo, Indonesia (Borneo4–7); 21, central Borneo, Indonesia (Borneo4 & 6); 22, Bangka, south Sumatra (Sumatra 7 & 8); 23, Java, Indonesia (Java2 & 3); 24, northeast Borneo, Indonesia (Borneo8); 25, Mindanao, Philippines (Phil2); 26, Timor (Timor). Several Borneo haplotypes appear in multiple locations.
Fig 4. Median-joining haplotype network for M in Evolutionary relationships of Macaca fascicularis fascicularis (Raffles 1821) (Primates: Cercopithecidae) from Singapore revealed by Bayesian analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences
Fig 4. Median-joining haplotype network for M. fascicularis. The size of the circular nodes representing haplotypes is proportional to the number of sequences comprising the haplotype. Shading of circular nodes corresponds to general geographic groupings including Sundaic islands (white), mainland Indochina (gray), Malay Peninsula and northern Sumatra (dark gray), and Singapore (black). Haplotype identifications are presented in Table 1.
Fig 3 in Evolutionary relationships of Macaca fascicularis fascicularis (Raffles 1821) (Primates: Cercopithecidae) from Singapore revealed by Bayesian analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences
Fig 3. Phylogenetic tree topology from Bayesian inference of 12S/tRNA-val/16S mtDNA sequences using a Birth-Death speciation tree prior, and HYK+G+I nucleotide substitution model in BEAST v2.1.3. Lettered identifications for clades are presented below the branches at major nodes. Posterior probabilities are displayed above the branches at nodes. Numbers in parentheses appearing with haplotype identifications are presented in Table 1, and correspond to numbered locations presented on the Figure 1 map. The Singapore haplotypes form two phylogenetic subgroupings, one from the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (Sing1) and the other from the Central Catchment Nature Reserve (Sing2 & Sing3).
Fig 2 in Evolutionary relationships of Macaca fascicularis fascicularis (Raffles 1821) (Primates: Cercopithecidae) from Singapore revealed by Bayesian analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences
Fig 2. Map of central Singapore showing the sampling locations in the Bukit Timah (BTNR) and Central Catchment (CCNR) Nature Reserves. Map created using ArcGIS® (ESRI® 2015).
Plate 1 in Population status and distribution assessment of Nicobar Long-Tailed Macaque Macaca Fascicularis Umbrosus (Miller, 1902) in Nicobar Group of Islands
Plate 1. Nicobar Long tailed Macaque in its natural forested habitat.
Landmarks and 3D scan data of Macaca fascicularis
<p><b>Objectives</b>: Magnitudes of morphological integration may constrain or facilitate craniofacial shape variation. The aim of this study was to analyze how the magnitude of integration in the skull of <i>Macaca fascicularis</i> changes throughout ontogeny in relation to developmental and/or functional modules.</p> <p><b>Materials and Methods</b>: Geometric morphometric methods were used to analyze the magnitude of integration in the macaque cranium and mandible in 80 juvenile and 40 adult <i>M. fascicularis</i> specimens. Integration scores in skull modules were calculated using ICV (Integration Coefficient of Variation of eigenvalues) based on a resampling procedure. Resultant ICV scores between the skull as a whole, and developmental and/or functional modules were compared using Mann-Whitney U tests.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: Results showed that most skull modules were more tightly integrated than the skull as a whole, with the exception of the chondrocranium in juveniles without canines, the chondrocranium/face complex and the mandibular corpus in adults, and the mandibular ramus in all juveniles. The chondrocranium/face and face/mandibular corpus complexes were more tightly integrated in juveniles than adults, possibly reflecting the influences of early brain growth/development, and the changing functional demands of infant suckling and later masticatory loading. This is also supported by the much higher integration of the mandibular ramus in adults compared with juveniles.</p> <p><b>Discussion</b>: Magnitudes of integration in skull modules reflect developmental/functional mechanisms in <i>M. fascicularis</i>. However, the relationship between 'evolutionary flexibility' and developmental/functional mechanisms was not direct or simple, likely because of the complex morphology, multifunctionality, and various ossification origins of the skull.</p>
On following pages: 16. Arunachal Macaque (Macaca munzala); 17. Tibetan Macaque (Macaca thibetana); 18. Stump-tailed Macaque Macaca arctoides); 19. Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis); 20. Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta); 21. Japanese Macaque (Macaca fuscata); 22. Taiwanese Macaque (Macaca cyclopis). in Cercopithecidae
On following pages: 16. Arunachal Macaque (Macaca munzala); 17. Tibetan Macaque (Macaca thibetana); 18. Stump-tailed Macaque Macaca arctoides); 19. Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis); 20. Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta); 21. Japanese Macaque (Macaca fuscata); 22. Taiwanese Macaque (Macaca cyclopis).
Data from: Estimating densities and spatial distribution of a commensal primate species, the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Landmarks and 3D scan data of Macaca fascicularis
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Data from: Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) can use simple heuristics but fail at drawing statistical inferences from populations to samples
Human infants, apes, and capuchin monkeys engage in intuitive statistics: they generate predictions from populations of objects to samples based on proportional information. This suggests that statistical reasoning might depend on some core knowledge that humans share with other primate species. To aid the reconstruction of the evolution of this capacity, we investigated whether intuitive statistical reasoning is also present in a species of Old World monkey. In a series of 4 experiments, 11 long-tailed macaques were offered different pairs of populations containing varying proportions of preferred vs. neutral food items. One population always contained a higher proportion of preferred items than the other. An experimenter simultaneously drew one item out of each population, hid them in her fists and presented them to the monkeys to choose. Although some individuals performed well across most experiments, our results imply that long-tailed macaques as a group did not make statistical inferences from populations of food items to samples but rather relied on heuristics. These findings suggest that there may have been convergent evolution of this ability in New World monkeys and apes (including humans).
Figure 1 in Population status and distribution assessment of Nicobar Long-Tailed Macaque Macaca Fascicularis Umbrosus (Miller, 1902) in Nicobar Group of Islands
Figure 1. Forest cover map of study area. Showing the different forest types across the Nicobar group of Islands. Forest cover map has been classified in to open-forest, moderate-dense forest, very dense forest, Scrubland, no forest and water bodies.
Figure 2 in Population status and distribution assessment of Nicobar Long-Tailed Macaque Macaca Fascicularis Umbrosus (Miller, 1902) in Nicobar Group of Islands
Figure 2. Elevation map of study area. SRTM 1-Arc Sec. Global data sets depicting elevation profiles across the Nicobar group of Islands. The colour ramp signifies the ranging from high to low elevation across the landscape, where red colour indicates the high elevation ranges and green showing the lower elevation ranges.
Figure 3 from: Md Zain B, Muhammad Abu Bakar A, Ruslin F, vui fui v, Abu M, Japning J, Abdul-Patah p, lakim m, Roos C, Yaakop S (2014) Phylogenetic relationships of Malaysia's long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis, based on cytochrome b sequences. ZooKeys 407: 121-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.407.6982
Figure 3 - Neighbor joining phylogenetic tree using Kimura-2-Parameter algorithm with bootstrap values indicated on the branch.
Figure 1 from: Md Zain B, Muhammad Abu Bakar A, Ruslin F, vui fui v, Abu M, Japning J, Abdul-Patah p, lakim m, Roos C, Yaakop S (2014) Phylogenetic relationships of Malaysia's long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis, based on cytochrome b sequences. ZooKeys 407: 121-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.407.6982
Figure 1 - Distribution of the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Southeast Asia (Gumert et al. 2011).
Figure 4 from: Md Zain B, Muhammad Abu Bakar A, Ruslin F, vui fui v, Abu M, Japning J, Abdul-Patah p, lakim m, Roos C, Yaakop S (2014) Phylogenetic relationships of Malaysia's long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis, based on cytochrome b sequences. ZooKeys 407: 121-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.407.6982
Figure 4 - The Bootstrap 50% majority rule consensus maximum parsimony tree of Macaca fascicularis populations. Bootstrap values are indicated on the branch.
Figure 5 from: Md Zain B, Muhammad Abu Bakar A, Ruslin F, vui fui v, Abu M, Japning J, Abdul-Patah p, lakim m, Roos C, Yaakop S (2014) Phylogenetic relationships of Malaysia's long-tailed macaques, Macaca fascicularis, based on cytochrome b sequences. ZooKeys 407: 121-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.407.6982
Figure 5 - Bayesian inference of the 50% majority rule consensus tree of Cyt b sequence of Macaca fascicularis populations with Bayesian posterior probability (PP) are accordingly indicated on the branch.
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