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41 results for “Macon County”
Fish and crayfish density and count data for Peeks Creek, Macon County, NC, USA 2005-2014, 2019, and 2022 following a catastrophic debris flow, as well as six reference streams
We followed the process of recovery of the fish and crayfish assemblage in Peeks Creek, a high-gradient second order stream in the Little Tennessee River watershed of North Carolina, after a debris flow devastated the channel and its riparian zone. After 15 years, the fish assemblage had recovered, and the channel and riparian zone had stabilized. Of the three major components of the fish assemblage, Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)), a strong swimmer, reappeared in year 1. Longnose Dace (Rhinichthys cataractae (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes)) reappeared in year 3. Mottled Sculpin (Cottus bairdii Girard), a weak swimmer, did not become established until year 6 and only resumed expected abundance in year 9. Appalachian Brook Crayfish (Cambarus bartonii cavatus Hay) numbers recovered quickly, though only one individual was found the year following the debris flow. Unassisted natural recovery occurred after a costly engineered restoration project had been rejected and arguably represents the preferable solution. However, recovery of the fish assemblage may not have been achieved if the stream flowed directly into an impoundment or low gradient river that lacked the source of species for recolonization, or if the stream had been located above a barrier to upstream movement.
Measurements of coarse woody debris at 10 hillslope sites at the Coweeta Hyrdological Laboratory, Macon County, North Carolina
Coarse woody debris was measured at 10 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments in Macon County, NC. The length, diameters, decay class, and species of coarse wood was measured within each of the twelve 10 x 10-m plots located within each of the 10 sites. Volume of coarse wood was then calculated. Data from a subset of the sites were used as a covariate for Aphaenogaster spp. ant occupancy rates.
Macon County, NC Middle School Climate Data
The climate station at the Macon Middle School near Franklin, NC was established in February 2000. The objectives were to: 1) locate a climate station outside of the Coweeta Basin, but within Macon County, North Carolina, measuring air temperature, air humidity, precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed, wind direction, vapor pressure, and barometric pressure 2) provide students and teachers at the school with a unique teaching tool, and 3) provide the public with an online archive of weather data.
Forest floor weights and Oe-Oa soil depths from 9 Hillslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
Forest floor samples were collected at 9 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments in Macon County, NC. Forest floor was divided into two categories: forest floor (i.e., Oi, Oe, & Oa layers) and wood <10 cm diameter. Afterwards, the combined depth of the Oe and Oa was measured in the middle of 3 sides of the subplot. Forest floor collections were later dried and weighed before being processed for C and N analyses.
Groundwater well chemistry from 7 Hillslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
Shallow groundwater wells were installed at 7 sites throughout Macon County, NC beginning in 2011. Sites represent a gradient of land use, including relatively undisturbed forests, valley bottomlands in agriculture, and mountain developments. Nine groundwater wells were placed along 3 "ridge-to-riparian" transects at each site. Collections were made every other week.
Soil bulk density measurements from 9 Hillslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
Soil bulk density samples were collected for the soil chemistry studies at the hillslope plots in Macon County, North Carolina. There were 9 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments. Sites were sampled 9/2013-11/2013. Samples were obtained from 4 plots in each site at 3 soil depths (0-10 cm, 10-30 cm, and 30+ cm).
Soil percent carbon and nitrogen from 9 hillslopes sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
Percent carbon and percent nitrogen of soil were analyzed as part of the hillslope plots in Macon County, North Carolina. There were 9 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments. There were 12 10 x 10-m plots at each site. A soil probe was used to collect soils from 3 depths at each plot: 0-10 cm, 10-30 cm, and 30 + cm. Soil was then dried, processed, and analyzed for percent C & N at the Coweeta Analytical Laboratory.
Forest floor carbon and nitrogen content from 9 Hillslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
Forest floor samples were collected at 9 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments in Macon County, NC. Forest floor was divided into two categories: forest floor (i.e., Oi, Oe, & Oa layers) and wood <10 cm diameter. Afterwards, the combined depth of the Oe and Oa was measured in the middle of 3 sides of the subplot. Forest floor collections were later dried and weighed before being processed for C and N analyses.
Forest floor cation content from 9 Hilllslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
Forest floor samples were collected at 9 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments in Macon County, NC. Forest floor was divided into two categories: forest floor (i.e., Oi, Oe, & Oa layers) and wood <10 cm diameter. Afterwards, the combined depth of the Oe and Oa was measured in the middle of 3 sides of the subplot. Forest floor collections were later dried and weighed before being processed for C and N and cation analyses.
Soil pH measurements from 9 Hillslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
Acidity of soil was analyzed as part of the hillslope plots in Macon County, North Carolina. There were 9 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments. There were 12 10 x 10-m plots at each site. A soil probe was used to collect soils from 3 depths at each plot: 0-10 cm, 10-30 cm, and 30 + cm. Soil was then dried, processed, and analyzed for pH at the Coweeta Analytical Laboratory.
Soil phosphorus measurements from 9 Hillslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the upper Little Tennessee River Basin
The percent of Phosphorus in soil was analyzed as part of the hillslope plots in Macon County, North Carolina. There were 9 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments. There were 12 10 x 10-m plots at each site. A soil probe was used to collect soils from 3 depths at each plot: 0-10 cm, 10-30 cm, and 30 + cm. Soil was then dried, processed, and analyzed for P at the Coweeta Analytical Laboratory.
Soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) from 9 Hillslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil was analyzed as part of the hillslope plots in Macon County, North Carolina. There were 9 hillslope sites representing a gradient of development, including forested, valley agriculture, and mountain housing developments. There were 12 10 x 10-m plots at each site. A soil probe was used to collect soils from 3 depths at each plot: 0-10 cm, 10-30 cm, and 30 + cm. Soil was then dried, processed, and analyzed for CEC at the Coweeta Analytical Laboratory.
Hourly water quality measurements from 21 sites in the Little Tennessee River watershed, Macon County, NC
Water quality was monitored at nine intensive sites, nine hillslope sites, and three river sites in the Little Tennnesse River watershed, Macon County, NC in 2010-2013. The intensive sites were monitored in 2010-2011, the hillslope sites were monitored in 2012-2013, and the river sites were monitored 2010-2013. A Hach Hydrolab MS5 data sonde measured stream temperature, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity every hour.
Hourly soil moisture, soil temperature, groundwater temperature, and groundwater stage height measurements from 9 Hillslope Study sites located in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
The Hillslope Study was established to directly link land use impacts to streamwater quality in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Nine sites were selected in the Little Tennessee River watershed in Macon County, NC, representing four land use types: forest, mountain development, traditional valley, and large river valley. At each of these sites, three subsurface flowpaths were identified, and four plots were established along the flowpath following the elevation gradient. At seven of the nine sites, the three lower elevation plots at one of the subsurface flowpaths had ground water wells installed in order to measure groundwater stage and temperature along an elevational gradient. Additional sensors were installed adjacent to the groundwater wells to measure soil moisture at 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm below the ground surface uphill and downhill of the well, and soil temperature at 5 cm below the ground surface. Measurements were taken every 60 seconds and output as hourly averages. Data were used as part of the Regional HydroEcological Simulation System (RHESSys) ecohydrologic model. Please see the accompanying well construction data for additional groundwater well information.
Groundwater stage height measurements of ten minute intervals from 9 sites located in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
The hillslope study was established to directly link land use impacts to streamwater quality in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Nine sites were selected in the Little Tennessee River watershed in Macon County, NC, representing four land use types: forest, mountain development, traditional valley, and large river valley. At each of these sites, three subsurface flowpaths were identified, and four plots were established along the flowpath following the elevation gradient. At seven of the nine sites, the three lower elevation plots at one of the subsurface flowpaths had ground water wells installed in order to measure groundwater stage along an elevational gradient. Measurements were taken every 60 seconds and output as ten minute averages. Data were used as part of the Regional HydroEcological Simulation System (RHESSys) ecohydrologic model. Please see the accompanying well construction data for additional groundwater well information.
Groundwater well specifications from 9 Hillslope Project sites in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
The hillslope study was established to directly link land use impacts to streamwater quality in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Nine sites were selected in the Little Tennessee River watershed in Macon County, NC, representing four land use types: forest, mountain development, traditional valley, and large river valley. At each of these sites, three subsurface flowpaths were identified, and four plots were established along the flowpath following the elevation gradient. At seven of the nine sites, the three lower elevation plots at one of the subsurface flowpaths had ground water wells installed in order to measure groundwater stage along an elevational gradient. A total of 61 groundwater wells were installed and their depths recorded.
Climate station measurements from 5 Hillslope Project sites located in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
The hillslope study was established to directly link land use impacts to streamwater quality in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Nine sites were selected in the Little Tennessee River watershed in Macon County, NC, representing four land use types: forest, mountain development, traditional valley, and large river valley. At five of the nine sites, a climate station was installed that measured air temperature, wind speed and direction, Relative Humidity, and Solar Radiation. Dew point, Wind Chill, and Heat index were also calculated based on these measurements. Sensor output was measured every minute and output as averages or totals every hour.
Manual well measurements from 9 Hillslope Project sites located in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin
The hillslope study was established to directly link land use impacts to streamwater quality in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Nine sites were selected in the Little Tennessee Riverwatershed in Macon County, NC, representing four land use types: forest, mountain development,traditional valley, and large river valley. At each of these sites, three subsurface flowpathswere identified, and four plots were established along the flowpath following the elevation gradient. At seven of the nine sites, the three lower elevation plots at each of the subsurface flowpaths had ground water wells installed in order to measure groundwater stage along an elevational gradient. Measurements were taken every two weeks. Water depth in these wells was manually measured every two weeks using a water level indicator. Please see the accompanying well construction data for additional groundwater well information.
Weekly grab samples and manual specific conductivity, temperature, and turbidity measurements of streams at the LTER intensive and hillslope sites located in Macon County, North Carolina, within the Little Tennessee River Basin
Weekly grab samples and manual specific conductivity, temperature, and turbidity measurements were taken at 21 streams and rivers in Macon County, NC. Nine intensive sites were monitored weekly in 2010-2011, nine hillslope sites were monitored biweekly in 2012-2013, and three river sites were monitored weekly in 2010-2011 and biweekly in 2012-2013. Data from a brief study of three streams at the Buck Creek Pine Barrens in Clay County, NC, also was completed, as well as one grab sample at Porters Creek, Mountain View Intermediate School. Water samples were analyzed for chemistry at the Coweeta Analytical Lab. Specific conductivity and temperature data were collected using a YSI 30 handheld conductivity meter. Turbidity data were collected using a Hach 2100P turbidimeter.
Stream sampling for total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), and chemistry during storm events at the Coweeta LTER intensive and hillslope sites in Macon County, NC.
Stream storm samples were collected at 21 streams and rivers in Macon County, NC. Nine intensive sites were monitored in 2010-2011, nine hillslope sites were monitored in 2012-2013, and three river sites were monitored from 2010-2013. An ISCO water sampler was used to collect stream water samples during storm events. Water samples were analyzed at the Coweeta Analytical Lab.
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