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12 results for “Mate guarding”
Data from: Male mate guarding in a polyandrous and sexually cannibalistic praying mantid
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Data from: Working with what you've got: unattractive males show greater mate-guarding effort in a duetting songbird
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Data from: Mate guarding and frequent copulation in birds: a meta-analysis of their relationship to paternity and male phenotype
In many birds males are presumed to protect their paternity by closely guarding their mate or copulating frequently with her. Both these costly behaviours are assumed to reduce the risk and/or intensity of sperm competition. However, despite many studies on avian extra-pair paternity, it remains unclear how strongly these behaviours are related to fitness and other key life-history traits. Here we conduct meta-analyses to address two questions. First, are mate guarding and/or frequent copulation positively correlated with a male's share of paternity at his nest? We find a significant positive correlation between both presumed paternity protection behaviours and paternity share. The relationship is, however, weak (r = 0.08-0.23). This is perhaps unsurprising if the risk of partner infidelity, hence the need to protect paternity, varies among males. For example, more attractive males might have less need to protect their paternity. Second, do males with higher indices of so-called male 'quality' (phenotypic measures, usually subjectively defined by researchers as predictors of male attractiveness) exhibit lower levels of paternity protection behaviour? We find a negative correlation between male quality and paternity protection. This finding might partly explain the weak relationship between paternity protection and paternity, although we discuss other, non-mutually exclusive possibilities.
Data from: Female crickets assess relatedness during mate guarding and bias storage of sperm toward unrelated males
Recent evidence shows that females exert a post-copulatory fertilization bias in favour of unrelated males to avoid the genetic incompatibilities derived from inbreeding. One of the mechanisms suggested for fertilization biases in insects is female control over transport of sperm to the sperm-storage organs. We investigated post-copulatory inbreeding-avoidance mechanisms in females of the cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus. We assessed the relative contribution of related and unrelated males to the sperm stores of double-mated females. To demonstrate unequivocally that biased sperm storage results from female control rather than cryptic male choice, we manipulated the relatedness of mated males and of males performing post-copulatory mate guarding. Our results show that when guarded by a related male, females store less sperm from their actual mate, irrespective of the relatedness of the mating male. Our data support the notion that inhibition of sperm storage by female crickets can act as a form of cryptic female choice to avoid the severe negative effects of inbreeding.
Couple of Chrysoprasis auriventris auriventris Redtenbacher, 1868 engaged in the mate-guarding behavior
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Data from: Spawning behaviour of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus): spawning synchrony, vibrational communication and mate guarding
A mismatch between male and female gamete release in external fertilizers can result in reduced or failed fertilization, sperm competition and reduced paternity. Here, spawning behaviour of free-living Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) was video recorded, and their reproductive behaviour was analysed. From evaluating 157 spawning events we observed that females mainly spawned with a guarding male and the female and the guarding male synchronized timing of gamete releaseunder sperm competition. Although sneakers spawned with higher synchrony than the guarding male in single male spawning events, the average sneaker released his milt 0.6 seconds after the spawning female under sperm competition. Approximately 50% of the recorded spawning events occurred under sperm competition, where each event included an average of 2.7 males. Additionally, sneakers were more exposed to sperm competition than guarding males. An influx of males, in close proximity to the female, occurred during the behavioural sequences leading up to egg release, but this influx seemed not dependent on egg release, suggesting that something else than gonadal product attracts sneaker males to the spawning female. Just before and during the actual release of gametes the spawning couple vibrates their bodies in close contact and it seems likely that vibrational communication between the spawning couple reveals time of gamete release to surrounding sneaker males. This might explain the relative high level of synchrony in gamete release between the female and the males from both reproductive tactics under sperm competition. Thus, vibrational communication between the guarding male and the female comes with the cost of higher detectability from surrounding males and may represent a "double-edged sword" for the guarding male.
Genotype-by-environment interactions for precopulatory mate guarding in a lek-mating insect
In sexually reproducing species males often experience strong pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection leading to a wide variety of male adaptations. One example is mate guarding, where males prevent females from mating with other males either before or after they (will) have mated themselves. In case social conditions vary short-term and in an unpredictable manner and if there is genetic variation in plasticity of mate guarding (i.e. genotype-by-environment interaction, G x E), adaptive behavioral plasticity in mate guarding may evolve. Here, we test for genetic variation in the plasticity of precopulatory mate guarding behavior in the lek-mating lesser wax moth Achroia grisella. When offered two females in rapid succession, virgin males of this species usually copulate around 10-20 min with the first female. With the second female, however, they engage in copulation posture for many hours until they have produced another spermatophore, an unusual behavior among insects possibly functioning as precopulatory mate guarding. Previous studies showed the mating latency with the second female to be shorter under higher perceived sperm competition risk. We accordingly measured the mate guarding behavior of males from six inbred lines under either elevated perceived male-male competition risk or under control conditions allowing us to test for G x E interactions. We found significant inbred line-by-competitor treatment interactions on mating latency and copulation duration with the second female suggesting genetic variation in the degree of behavioral plasticity. However, we found no significant G x E interaction on the sum of mating latency and copulation duration. Our results suggest a potential for adaptive evolution of mate guarding plasticity in natural populations of lek-mating species. Future studies using selection experiments and experimental evolution approaches in laboratory populations, or comparisons of multiple natural populations will be helpful to study under which conditions plasticity in male mate guarding behavior evolves.
Data from: Mate-guarding by male mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) is associated with female MHC genotype
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Data from: Female crickets assess relatedness during mate guarding and bias storage of sperm toward unrelated males
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Data from: Spawning behaviour of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus): spawning synchrony, vibrational communication and mate guarding
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Data from: Mate guarding and frequent copulation in birds: a meta-analysis of their relationship to paternity and male phenotype
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Genotype-by-environment interactions for precopulatory mate guarding in a lek-mating insect
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