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94 results for “Maternity analysis”
Data from: The impact of aid sanctions on maternal and child mortality, 1990–2019: A panel analysis
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Maternal Mediterranean diet in pregnancy and newborn DNA methylation: a meta-analysis in the PACE Consortium
<p>Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy may be related to offspring cord blood DNA methylation. In a meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) in 2802 mother-child pairs from 5 cohorts we calculated the relative Mediterranean diet (rMED) score and an adjusted rMED excluding alcohol (rMEDp). rMEDp was associated with cord blood DNA methylation at cg23757341.</p>
Maternal survival costs in an asocial mammal: Data and analysis
<p><strong>Abstract. </strong>Maternal characteristics, social dynamics, and environmental factors can all influence reproduction and survival as well as shape trade-offs that might arise between these components of fitness. Short-lived mammals like the golden-mantled ground squirrel (GMGS; <em>Callospermophilus lateralis</em>) tend to maximize effort towards current reproduction at the expense of survival but may be complicated by other aspects of the species' life history and environment.. Here, we use 25 years of data (1995-2020) collected from a population of GMGS at the Rocky Mountain Biological Research Laboratory in Gothic, Colorado, to test the effect of several maternal characteristics (e.g., age, experience, timing of litter emergence), social context (e.g., litter sex ratio, kin density), and environmental context (e.g., date of bare ground, length of vegetative growing season) on survival of reproductive female GMGS using Cox proportional hazard models. Our results indicated that social dynamics (i.e., density) and environmental conditions (i.e., standardized first day of permanent snow cover and length of growing season) explained significant variation in annual maternal survival, while maternal characteristics did not. A higher density of related breeding females and the total number of females (both related and unrelated to the focal mother) were associated with an increase in the mortality hazard. A later standardized date of the first day of permanent snow cover and a shorter growing season both reduced the maternal mortality hazard. Together, our results suggest that factors extrinsic to the squirrels affect maternal survival, and thus may also influence local population growth and dynamics in GMGS and other short-lived, territorial mammal species.</p>
A meta-analysis of pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index and placental DNA methylation identifies 27 CpG sites with implications for mother-child health
<p>Higher maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) is associated with increased neonatal morbidity, as well as with pregnancy complications and metabolic outcomes in offspring later in life. Placenta is a key organ in fetal development and has been proposed to act as a mediator between the mother and different health outcomes in children. The overall aim of the present work is to investigate the association of ppBMI with epigenome-wide placental DNA methylation (DNAm) in 10 studies from the PACE consortium, amounting to 2,631 mother-child pairs. We identify 27 CpG sites at which we observe placental DNAm variations of up to 2.0% per 10 ppBMI-unit. The CpGs that are differentially methylated in placenta do not overlap with CpGs identified in previous studies in cord blood DNAm related to ppBMI. Many of the identified CpGs are located in open sea regions, are often close to obesity-related genes such as GPX1 and LGR4 and altogether, are enriched in cancer and oxidative stress pathways. Our findings suggest that placental DNAm could be one of the mechanisms by which maternal obesity is associated with metabolic health outcomes in newborns and children, although further studies will be needed in order to corroborate these findings.</p> <p>File descriptions:</p> <ul> <li>ppBMI_placenta_unadjustedmodel_NFJ.csv = EWAS summary statistics for the EWAS of ppBMI using the unadjusted model</li> <li>ppBMI_placenta_adjustedmodel_NFJ.csv = EWAS summary statistics for the EWAS of ppBMI using the adjusted model</li> </ul> <p>Upload of this dataset was completed by The EWAS Catalog team. The data can be queried along with hundreds of other EWAS at ewascatalog.org. To upload your EWAS summary statistics and have a Zenodo DOI generated for you go to ewascatalog.org/upload.</p>
Cognitive development among children in a low-income setting: cost-effectiveness analysis of a maternal nutrition education intervention in rural Uganda
<p><span>Inadequate nutrition and insufficient stimulation in early childhood can lead to long-term deficits in cognitive and social development. Evidence for policy and decision-making regarding the cost of delivering nutrition education is lacking in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). In rural Uganda, we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) examining the effect of a maternal nutrition education intervention on developmental outcomes among children aged 6–8 months. This intervention led to significantly improved cognitive scores when the children reached the age of 20–24 months. When considering the potential for this intervention's future implementation, the desired effects should be weighed against the increased costs.</span><span> This study therefore aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of this education intervention compared with current practice.</span><span> Health outcome data were based on the RCT. Cost data were collected via interviews with researchers involved in processing the intervention. This study considered a healthcare provider perspective for an 18-month time horizon.</span><span> The control group was considered as the current practice for the future large-scale implementation of this intervention. </span><span>A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed, including calculations of incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). In addition, uncertainty in the results was characterized using one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. The ICER for the education intervention compared with current practice was USD ($) 16.50 per cognitive composite score gained, with an incremental cost of </span><span>$265.79 and an incremental cognitive composite score of 16.11. The sensitivity analyses indicated the robustness of these results. The ICER was sensitive to changes in cognitive composite score and the cost of personnel, but the education intervention can be considered cost-effective compared with the current practice. The outcome of this study, including the cost analysis, health outcome, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity analysis, can be useful to inform policymakers and stakeholders about effective resource allocation processes in Uganda and possibly other LMIC.</span></p>
Comparative Analysis of Maternal Gene Expression Patterns: Unraveling Evolutionary Signatures Across Reproductive Modes
<p>Dataset used to reproduce the analysis performed in "Comparative Analysis of Maternal Gene Expression Patterns: Unraveling Evolutionary Signatures Across Reproductive Modes" publication. The directory structure is the following:</p> <ul> <li>Gene_models - directory containing gene models (.gtf or .gff3 files) used for feature length comparisons across species</li> <li>intermediate_data - directory containing intermediate results from various scripts, the main purpose is to speed up the reproducibility of some longer running scripts <ul> <li>batch_adjusted_normalised_gene_expression_matrix.tsv - gene expression matrix used for evolutionary model fitting</li> <li>fc.tsv - fold change matrix used for evolutionary model fitting</li> <li>dated_species_tree.tre - species tree used throughout the model fitting step (newick format)</li> <li>DGE_script_enviorment.RData - saved R environment from differential gene expression analysis</li> <li>downregulated_IDs.RDS - gene IDs which undergo down-regulation throughout maternal-to-zygotic transition</li> <li>maternal_IDs.RDS - gene IDs which meet the cut-off criteria for being considered as maternally expressed</li> <li>N0_blasted.tsv - orthogroup annotations through blasting to a sequence database</li> <li>N0.tsv - orthogroups inferred from OrthoFinder</li> <li>OG_categories.tsv - classification of orthogroups based on them (I) having genes with maternal expression, but no significant down regulation, (II) having genes with maternal expression and significant down regulation throughout maternal-to-zygotic transition or (III) no maternal expression</li> <li>OG_presence.tsv - binary matrix coding for which orthogroup which species have gene expression values</li> <li>Paralog_variances.tsv - matrix containing variance metrics for paralogs in each species from before normalization across species</li> </ul> </li> <li>Pannzer2_annotation - directory containing GO annotations for all species from the Pannzer2 tool, used for GO analyses</li> <li>quantification_files - directory containing all salmon quantification outputs</li> <li>transcriptomes - <em>de novo</em> assembled transcriptomes for non-model species</li> </ul>
Cognitive development among children in a low-income setting: cost-effectiveness analysis of a maternal nutrition education intervention in rural Uganda
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Maternal survival costs in an asocial mammal: Data and analysis
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Pregnancy outcomes in facility deliveries in Kenya and Uganda: A large cross-sectional analysis of maternity registers illuminating opportunities for mortality prevention
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Multi-year impact of maternal provisioning on a juvenile elasmobranch: pitfalls of tissue type and tracer number for stable isotope analysis
<p>Stable isotope data and R script for all the analysis referred to in the manuscript.</p>
Data from: Newspaper coverage of maternal health in Bangladesh, Rwanda, and South Africa: a quantitative and qualitative content analysis
Objective: To examine newspaper coverage of maternal health in three countries that have made varying progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5 (MDG 5): Bangladesh (on track), Rwanda (making progress, but not on track) and South Africa (no progress). Design: We analysed each country's leading national English-language newspaper: Bangladesh's The Daily Star, Rwanda's The New Times/The Sunday Times, and South Africa's Sunday Times/The Times. We quantified the number of maternal health articles published from 1 January 2008 to 31 March 2013. We conducted a content analysis of subset of 190 articles published from 1 October 2010 to 31 March 2013. Results: Bangladesh's The Daily Star published 579 articles related to maternal health from 1 January 2008 to 31 March 2013, compared to 342 in Rwanda's The New Times/The Sunday Times and 253 in South Africa's Sunday Times/The Times over the same time period. The Daily Star had the highest proportion of stories advocating for or raising awareness of maternal health. Most maternal health articles in The Daily Star (83%) and The New Times/The Sunday Times (69%) used a 'human-rights' or 'policy-based' frame compared to 41% of articles from Sunday Times/The Times. Conclusions: In the three countries included in this study, which are on different trajectories towards MDG 5, there were differences in the frequency, tone and content of their newspaper coverage of maternal health. However, no causal conclusions can be drawn about this association between progress on MDG 5 and the amount and type of media coverage of maternal health.
Data from: Postpartum family planning integration with maternal, newborn, and child health services: a cross-sectional analysis of client flow patterns in India and Kenya
Objectives: Maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) services represent opportunities to integrate postpartum family planning (PPFP). Objectives were to determine levels of MNCH-family planning (FP) integration and associations between integration, client characteristics, and service delivery factors in facilities that received programmatic PPFP support. Design and setting: Cross-sectional client flow assessment conducted May–July 2014, over 5 days at 10 purposively selected public sector facilities in India (four hospitals) and Kenya (two hospitals, four health centers). Participants: 2,158 client visits tracked (1,294 India; 864 Kenya). Women aged 18 or older accessing services while pregnant and/or with a child under 2 years. Interventions: PPFP/postpartum intrauterine device—Bihar, India (2012–2013); Jharkhand, India (2010–2014); Embu, Kenya (2008–2012). Maternal, infant, and young child nutrition/FP integration—Bondo, Kenya (2011–2013). Primary outcome measures: Proportion of visits where clients received integrated MNCH-FP services, client characteristics as predictors of MNCH-FP integration, and MNCH-FP integration as predictor of length of time spent at facility. Results: Levels of MNCH-FP integration varied widely across facilities (5.3% to 63.0%), as did proportion of clients receiving MNCH-FP integrated services by service area. Clients traveling 30–59 minutes were half as likely to receive integrated services versus those traveling under 30 minutes (odds ratio [OR] 0.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–0.7, p<.001). Clients receiving MNCH-FP services (versus MNCH services only) spent an average of 10.5 minutes longer at the facility (95% CI −0.1–21.9, not statistically significant). Conclusions: Findings suggest importance of focused programmatic support for integration by MNCH service area. FP integration was highest in areas receiving specific support. Integration does not seem to impose an undue burden on clients in terms of time spent at the facility. Clients living furthest from facilities are least likely to receive integrated services.
Interventions to Improve Maternal- and Paternal-Fetal Bonding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Age-by-maternal-age Markov chain with rewards analysis of variance in LRO in rotifers
<p>This set of data and code files is a supplement to the American Naturalist paper:<br> van Daalen et al. 2021 The contributions of maternal age heterogeneity to variance in lifetime reproductive output</p> <p>It provides the user the matrices (as first presented in Hernandez et al., 2020, PNAS) and the code to reproduce our analysis or apply the methods to their own data. Two multistate, age-by-maternal-age matrices with basic demographic information (survival and transitions, and fertility) are provided, as well as data to paramaterize a reward matrix. The code presents a Markov chain with rewards approach to calculating mean and variance in lifetime reproductive output from a multistate matrix model, and a method to decompose variance into contributions by individual heterogeneity (from maternal age) and stochasticity (due to inherent randomness in the outcomes of age-specific survival probabilities and age-specific reproductive output).</p>
Figure S1: Two-tailed intergroup Pearson analysis between patient age, COVID-19 detection, de-livery time, gravida, and termination week (Y-axis) with maternal and neonatal anti-COVID-19 immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) (X-axis), depicted as a three-point color map (lowest = blue, 0 = white, highest = red) showed no significant correlation (at p>0.05).
<p>Figure S1: Two-tailed intergroup Pearson analysis between patient age, COVID-19 detection, de-livery time, gravida, and termination week (Y-axis) with maternal and neonatal anti-COVID-19 immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) (X-axis), depicted as a three-point color map (lowest = blue, 0 = white, highest = red) showed no significant correlation (at p>0.05).</p>
Haplotype analysis of the mitochondrial DNA d-loop region reveals the maternal origin and historical dynamics among the indigenous goat populations in east and west of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
<p><span>This study aimed at assessing haplotype diversity and population dynamics of three Congolese indigenous goat populations that included Kasai goat (KG), small goat (SG), and dwarf goat (DG) of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The 1,169 bp <em>d-loop</em> region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced for 339 Congolese indigenous goats. The total length of sequences was used to generate the haplotypes and evaluate their diversities, whereas the hypervariable region (HVI, 453 bp) was analyzed to define the maternal variation and the demographic dynamic. A total of 568 segregating sites that generated 192 haplotypes were observed from the entire <em>d-loop</em> region (1,169 bp <em>d-loop</em>). Phylogenetic analyses using reference haplotypes from the six globally defined goat mtDNA haplogroups showed that all the three Congolese indigenous goat populations studied clustered into the dominant haplogroup A, as revealed by the Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree and median-joining (MJ) network. Nine haplotypes were shared between the studied goats and goat populations from Pakistan (1 haplotype), Kenya, Ethiopia and Algeria (1 haplotype), Zimbabwe (1 haplotype), Cameroon (3 haplotypes), and Mozambique (3 haplotypes). The population pairwise analysis (<em>F<sub>ST</sub></em>) indicated a weak differentiation between the Congolese indigenous goat populations. Negative and significant (<em>p</em>-value < 0.05) values for <em>F</em>u's <em>F</em>s (-20.418) and Tajima's (-2.189) tests showed the expansion in the history of the three Congolese indigenous goat populations. These results suggest a weak differentiation and a single maternal origin for the studied goats. This information will contribute to the improvement of the management strategies and long-term conservation of indigenous goats in DRC</span><span>.</span></p>
Data from: Genomic analysis reveals depression due to both individual and maternal inbreeding in a free-living mammal population
There is ample evidence for inbreeding depression manifested as a reduction in fitness or fitness-related traits in the focal individual. In many organisms, fitness is not only affected by genes carried by the individual, but also by genes carried by their parents, for example if receiving parental care. While maternal effects have been described in many systems, the extent to which inbreeding affects fitness directly through the focal individual, or indirectly through the inbreeding coefficients of its parents, has rarely been examined jointly. The Soay sheep study population is an excellent system in which to test for both effects, as lambs receive extended maternal care. Here, we tested for both maternal and individual inbreeding depression in three fitness-related traits (birthweight and weight and hindleg length at 4 months of age) and three fitness components (first-year survival, adult annual survival and annual breeding success), using either pedigree-derived inbreeding or genomic estimators calculated using ~37 000 SNP markers. We found evidence for inbreeding depression in 4-month hindleg and weight, first-year survival in males, and annual survival and breeding success in adults. Maternal inbreeding was found to depress both birthweight and 4-month weight. We detected more instances of significant inbreeding depression using genomic estimators than the pedigree, which is partly explained through the increased sample sizes available. In conclusion, our results highlight that cross-generational inbreeding effects warrant further exploration in species with parental care and that modern genomic tools can be used successfully instead of, or alongside, pedigrees in natural populations.
Zinc Supplementation During Pregnancy: Analysis of Maternal Serum Zinc, Cord Blood Osteocalcin and Neonatal Birth Length
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04559152. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Postpartum family planning integration with maternal, newborn, and child health services: a cross-sectional analysis of client flow patterns in India and Kenya
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Data from: Newspaper coverage of maternal health in Bangladesh, Rwanda, and South Africa: a quantitative and qualitative content analysis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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