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2,293 results for “Meaning”
Annual Maps of Mean Winter Temperature for Eastern North America 1951-2009
We developed annual raster maps depicting spatiotemporal variation in mean winter temperature for the purposes of modeling the spread of the hemlock woolly adelgid. The maps are based on the PRISM and WorldClim datasets as described in methods.
Annual mean estimates of aboveground net primary production (NPP) at 15 sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-ongoing
This package contains values of mean annual aboveground net primary production (NPP, in grams per square meter per year) at 15 NPP study sites on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. All sites are excluded from domestic grazing. Eleven sites are in non-grazed pastures, and at the other four sites 1 hectare areas around the observational plots were fenced in 1988. At all sites a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when sampling began in 1989. In fall, winter, and spring periods aboveground biomass was calculated for each species and quadrat at each NPP site. These calculations rely on two data sources: 1) non-destructive horizontal cover and vertical height measurements of individual plants, or plant parts, within each quadrat, and 2) linear regression coefficients for each plant species derived from off-quadrat cover, height, and harvested biomass measurements. NPP is then calculated as the positive biomass increment between seasons. The annual totals in this dataset are derived by summing mean site NPP values for winter (October - February), spring (February - May), and fall (May - October) increments for a single calendar year. Data collection is ongoing with new annual NPP values calculated after the conclusion of each growing season. Attention: 1) Calculated values in this data package have changed over time as the methodology for estimating biomass has changed. If you are updating or adding to an earlier analysis of these data we recommend consulting with the dataset authors or a Jorna
Plant richness of the terrestrial ecoregions of the world with a mean aridity index lower than 0.65
<p>Data used to compose the <strong>Figure 1</strong> and the <strong>Table S1</strong> of the paper <strong>Biogeography of Global Drylands</strong>, by Maestre <em>et al</em>. (2021).</p>
TCOM-CFC11 : TOMCAT CTM and Occultation Mesurement based daily zonal mean CFC-11 stratospheric profiles constructed using machine leaning (2000-2023)
<h3>TOMCAT CTM and Occultation measurement-based Stratospheric CFC11 (TCOM-CFC11) profile data data set </h3> <h3>Sandip S. Dhomse </h3> <p>School of Earth and Envio, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK</p> <p>National Centre for Earth Observations, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK</p> <p> email: s.s.dhomse@leeds.ac.uk</p> <p> </p> <h3>Methodology: TOMCAT simulation is performed at T64L32 resolution for the 2000-2024 time period. Collocated CFC11 (CFCl3) profiles are divided in five latitude bins: SH polar (90S-50S), SH mid-lat (70S-20S), tropics (40S-40N), NH mid-lat (20N-70N) and NH polar (50N-90N). Initially, model-measurement differences are calculated for each zonal bins (51 height levels, 10km to 60km). Separate XGBoost regression models are trained for the differences between TOMCAT and measurements at each level for a given latitude bin. XGBoost model is then used to estimate error corrections for all the TOMCAT grids. Estimated corrections for a given model grid that are added to the original TOMCAT simulated daily (at 1.30 local time) CFC-11 profiles. Height resolved data are then interpolated on 28-pressure levels (300 - 0.1hPa). For overlapping latitude bins, we use averages and then calculate daily zonal mean values. For more details see attached presentation.</h3> <h3>Dataset also includes two files containing daily mean zonal mean CFC11 profiles on height (10-60 km) and pressure (300-0.1 hPa) levels (8766 days/64 latitudes):</h3> <h3>zmcfc11_TCOM_hlev_T2Dz_2000-2024_V1.1.nc – height level data (10 to 60 km)</h3> <h3>zmcfc11_TCOM_plev_T2Dz_2000-2024_V1.1.nc – pressure level data (300 to 0.1 hPa)</h3> <h3>Daily 3D profiles on height and pressure levels would be made available on request. Xarrays “resample” can be used to get monthly means.</h3> <h3> </h3> <h3> </h3>
Global Extra-tropical Circulation Database based on the Jenkinson-Collison Classification calculated with 6-hourly mean sea-level pressure fields from various reanalysis datasets
<h1>Dataset Description</h1> <p>Global Extra-tropical Circulation Database based on the Jenkinson-Collison Classification calculated with 6-hourly mean sea-level pressure fields from several reanalysis datasets. This dataset is the result of an extension of the Jenkinson-Collison circulation type classification to the entire globe, including a modification of its original formulation for the southern hemisphere.</p> <p>A modified version of the IPCC-AR6 Reference Regions that excludes the intertropical range where the method is not applicable is also included, as used in the reference paper for global assessment.</p> <p>Further details in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06658-7" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06658-7 </a></p> <h2>Note for version 1.1.0</h2> <p>This version corrects an issue in the previous release, which was incorrectly labeled as <em>version 0.1</em>. That version was incomplete due to the omission of previously existing files, and should be considered <strong>incomplete</strong>. Version 1.1.0 restores all original files alongside the newly added one, ensuring the dataset is now complete and consistent. We apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused and appreciate your understanding.</p>
The Southern Ocean carbon cycle 1985-2018: Mean, seasonal cycle, trends and storage - Data
<p>Postprocessed data set used for RECCAP2 Southern Ocean chapter:</p><p>Hauck, Gregor, et al.: The Southern Ocean carbon cycle 1985-2018: Mean, seasonal cycle, trends and storage</p><p>The raw data is available at: Müller, Jens Daniel. (2023). RECCAP2-ocean data collection [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7990823</p><p>Scripts for plotting are available at https://github.com/RECCAP2-ocean/Southern-Ocean and a frozen version of the scripts is deposited at:</p><p>Judith Hauck, Luke Gregor, Cara Nissen, Lavinia Patara, Mark Hague, & Precious Mongwe. (2023). The Southern Ocean carbon cycle 1985-2018: Mean, seasonal cycle, trends and storage - Scripts. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10076121</p><p> </p>
Resilience estimates of Amazon and Congo rainforests based on mean annual precipitation and root zone storage capacity
<p>Resilience refers to the capacity of the ecosystem to absorb perturbations and remain in its native stable state. Here, we quantified forest resilience of South American and African ecosystems using mean annual precipitation and root zone storage capacity (2000-2019). We adopted Hirota et al. (2011) methodology for calculating resilience using logistic regression. This logistic regression predicts the probability of forest (tree cover > 50%) as a function of the independent variable. The predicted resilience estimates range between 0 to 1, where 1 represents the highest probability of finding forest – interpreted as highly resilient forest ecosystems.</p> <p>For more information, check: <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/gcb.16115">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/gcb.16115</a></p>
LAGOS-US DEPTH v1.0: Data module of observed maximum and mean lake depths for a subset of lakes in the conterminous U.S.
The LAGOS-US LAKE DEPTH v1.0 module (hereafter, called DEPTH) contains in situ measurements of lake depth for a subset of all lakes (n = 17,675) in the conterminous U.S. > 1 ha (3.7% of 479,950) that are in the LAGOS-US LOCUS v1.0 data module (Smith et al. 2021). All 17,675 lakes in DEPTH have a maximum depth value and 6,137 lakes have a mean depth. DEPTH includes approximately 65 data sources obtained from community, government, and university monitoring programs, as well as academic reports and commercial websites. DEPTH includes lake identifiers, lake location, lake area, lake depth (both maximum and mean depth when available), source information, and data flags. The unique lake identifier (lagoslakeid) for all lakes is the same one used in LAGOS-US LOCUS v1.0.
Middle Rio Grande New Mexico, Bernalillo 550 Bridge, Water Quality Daily Means 2010-2018
This data package includes daily mean data for streamflow, turbidity, light, and gross primary production for a site on the Middle Rio Grande located at the Bernalillo 550 Bridge in Bernalillo New Mexico, USA, from 2010-01-01 to 2018-12-31.
Bonanza Creek LTER: Hourly Air Temperature Measurements (mean, min, max) at Various Heights from 1995 to Present in the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed near Fairbanks, Alaska
This dataset contains the hourly output from Temperature sensors for the Cariou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed (CPCRW). Any temperature data collected in this area is reported here. This includes Level 3 weather stations as well as smaller scale and temporal studies. This data can be sorted and viewed by site, year, hour, height of measurement, mean, min, and max value. Updates of each site are different since some are still on going while other had only a 2-3 year life cycle. This information can be found in the site descriptions and in the metadata.
Bonanza Creek LTER: Hourly Relative Humidity Measurements (mean, min, max) at 50 cm and 150 cm from 1988 to Present in the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest near Fairbanks, Alaska
This dataset contains the hourly output from relative humidity sensors for the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest (BCEF). Most sites have two sensors, one at 50 cm and one at 150cm. This includes Level 3 weather stations as well as smaller scale and temporal studies. This data can be sorted and viewed by site, year, hour, height of measurement, mean, min, and max value. Updates of each site are different since some are still on going while other had only a 2 - 3 year life cycle. This information can be found in the site descriptions and in the metadata.
Bonanza Creek LTER: Hourly Relative Humidity Measurements (mean, min, max) at Various Heights from 1992 to Present in the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed near Fairbanks, Alaska
This dataset contains the hourly output from the relative humidity sensors for the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed (CPCRW) climate data stations.
Mean radiant temperature along a common route for people experiencing homelessness in downtown Phoenix, Arizona (USA) on August 20, 2024
This tabular dataset contains mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) measurements collected using MaRTy, a mobile biometeorological, along a route frequently traveled by people experiencing homelessness in downtown Phoenix, Arizona (USA). It includes Tmrt, air temperature (Tair), relative humidity (RH), wind speed, and wind direction at pedestrian height at 2-second intervals for a typical summer day (August 20, 2024; peak air temperature of 43.3 degrees Celsius) at 0700, 1300, and 1700 (local times). This dataset can inform heat mitigation strategies for vulnerable populations in Phoenix.
NOAA Monthly Mean Sea Level Summary Data for the Key West Water Level Station (NOAA/NOS Co-OPS ID 8724580), Florida, USA, January 1913 - ongoing
Monthly Mean Sea Level Summary Data for the Key West, Florida, Water Level Station (NOAA/NOS CO-OPS ID 8724580). Data is in meters relative to the STND-Key West Station Datum.
Mean Seagrass Epiphyte Accumulation for Florida Bay, South Florida (FCE) from December 2000 to September 2001
Total epiphyte and epiphyte chlorophyll-a loads were measured from artificial seagrass leaves (Mylar) deployed for periods up to the approximate Thalassia leaf turnover period. Data were collected in Florida Bay, within Everglades National Park.
Standard Lengths and Mean Weights for Prey-base Fishes from Taylor River and Joe Bay Sites, Everglades National Park (FCE), South Florida from January 2000 to April 2004
Prey-base fishes. The small demersal fishes of the coastal wetlands are a keystone element in this ecosystem. They are the primary and secondary consumers of the plants mentioned above and they are the primary food resource for myriad piscine (e.g. game species of fish), reptilian (e.g. juvenile crocodiles) and avian (e.g. wading birds) predators. The community dynamics of these fishes are dictated by hydrologic and hydrographic parameters so they also respond predictably to water management practices. Because they are a bottle-neck in the food web, their abundance and availability dictate the success of higher trophic levels. Fish are sampled in June, September and monthly from November through April at five locations. A 9m2 drop trap designed specifically for this habitat are used to quantify fish use. Nine traps are used at each site.
SEV-LTER Mean - Variance Experiment Plains Grassland Soil Moisture and Temperature
We designed novel field experimental infrastructure to resolve the relative importance of changes in the climate mean and variance in regulating the structure and function of dryland populations, communities, and ecosystem processes. The Mean - Variance Experiment (MVE) adds three novel elements to prior designs that have manipulated interannual variance in climate in the field (Gherardi & Sala, 2013) by (i) determining interactive effects of mean and variance with a factorial design that crosses reduced mean with increased variance, (ii) studying multiple dryland biomes to compare their susceptibility to transition under interactive climate drivers, and (iii) adding stochasticity to our treatments to permit the antecedent effects that occur under natural climate variability. This new infrastructure enables direct experimental tests of the hypothesis that interactions between the mean and variance of precipitation will have larger ecological impacts than either the mean or variance in precipitation alone. A subset of plots have soil moisture and temperature sensors to evaluate treatment effectiveness by addressing, How do MVE manipulations alter the mean and variance in soil moisture and temperature? And How does micro-environmental variation among plots influence how treatments alter soil moisture profiles over three soil depths? This data package includes sensor data from the Mean x Variance experiment in the Plains grassland ecosystem at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro, NM, which is dominated by the grass species Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama).
SEV-LTER Mean x Variance Experiment Desert Grassland Soil Moisture and Temperature
We designed novel field experimental infrastructure to resolve the relative importance of changes in the climate mean and variance in regulating the structure and function of dryland populations, communities, and ecosystem processes. The Mean x Variance Experiment (MVE) adds three novel elements to prior designs (Gherardi & Sala 2013) that have manipulated interannual variance in climate in the field by (i) determining interactive effects of mean and variance with a factorial design that crosses a drier mean with increased (more) variance, (ii) studying multiple dryland ecosystem types to compare their susceptibility to transition under interactive climate drivers, and (iii) adding stochasticity to our treatments to permit the antecedent effects that occur under natural climate variability. This new infrastructure enables direct experimental tests of the hypothesis that interactions between the mean and variance of precipitation will have larger ecological impacts than either the mean or variance in precipitation alone. A subset of plots have soil moisture and temperature sensors to evaluate treatment effectiveness by addressing, How do MVE manipulations alter the mean and variance in soil moisture and temperature? And, how does micro-environmental variation among plots influence how much MVE treatments alter soil moisture profiles over three soil depths? This data package includes soil moisture and temperature sensor data from the Mean x Variance Climate experiment in the Desert grassland ecosystem at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro, NM.
Mean Seagrass Meadow Metabolism by Time of Day in Virginia, USA
The study examined benthic O2 fluxes over a seagrass meadow using the aquatic eddy covariance technique, while measuring variables that have been shown to affect metabolism (PAR, temperature, O2 concentration, current velocity). Accurate daily metabolic estimates of respiration, gross primary production, and net ecosystem metabolism are widely used to assess ecosystem health and blue carbon sequestration and storage in vegetated coastal ecosystems. Aquatic eddy covariance allows direct measurements under naturally varying in situ conditions of oxygen (O2) fluxes between a benthic substrate and the water above. Here, we used hourly O2 fluxes measured with this approach to examine how respiration for a Zostera marina seagrass meadow varies through night and day, and how this affects commonly performed metabolic estimates. Fitting our database of 2,115 hourly benthic O2 fluxes for a seagrass meadow revealed that respiration decreased linearly by 29% through the night. We primarily attribute this to consumption of highly labile compounds that are formed by photosynthesis and accumulate during daytime. Furthermore, a corresponding linear increase in respiration through the day coupled with photosynthetic production described by a standard photosynthesis irradiance curve provided an accurate prediction of measured O2 fluxes (R2 = 0.993). These results document that night- and daytime respiration vary significantly in a seagrass meadow, and that both can be described accurately by a piecewise linear relationship. Many studies have questioned the widely used assumption in metabolic estimates that night- and daytime respiration are constant and equal. However, if night- and daytime respiration can be approximated as we found here by piecewise linear relationships, these standard means for calculating daily metabolic numbers remain valid. It is, however, important that such estimates are based on full 24-h records of benthic flux data.
SPARC Data Initiative monthly zonal mean composition measurements from stratospheric limb sounders (1978-2018)
<p>The SPARC Data Initiative dataset is the most comprehensive compilation of vertically resolved stratospheric composition measurements to date and consists of four decades of monthly zonal mean climatologies (1978-2018) from a range of satellite limb sounders including LIMS, SAGE I/II/III, HALOE, UARS-MLS, POAMII/III, OSIRIS, SMR, MIPAS, GOMOS, SCIAMACHY, ACE-FTS, ACE-MAESTRO, Aura-MLS, HIRDLS, SMILES, OMPS-LP and SAGE III-ISS. The dataset includes most major long-lived trace gases (O<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O, N<sub>2</sub>O, CH<sub>4</sub>, CCl<sub>3</sub>F, and CCl<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub>), transport tracers (HF, SF<sub>6</sub>, HCl, CO, HNO<sub>3</sub>, NOy), and shorter-lived trace gases important to stratospheric chemistry including nitrogens (NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, NOx, N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>,and HNO<sub>4</sub>), halogens (BrO, ClO, ClONO<sub>2</sub> and HOCl), and other minor species (OH, HO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>2</sub>O, CH<sub>3</sub>CN). The observations considered have been compiled in units of volume mixing ratio (VMR) and on a common latitude-pressure grid, covering the region from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere (300-0.1 hPa) with a latitudinal resolution of 5 degrees.</p> <p> </p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.