Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-sa-4.0Nov 2013View details →

C3-EURO4M-MEDARE Mediterranean historical climate data

Historical surface climate data files and meta-data for stations in Mediterranean North Africa and Middle East areas (1852-2008)

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2018View details →

Simulated climate change reduced the capacity of lichen-dominated biocrusts to act as carbon sinks in two semi-arid Mediterranean ecosystems

Biocrust gas exchange measurements used as input data for this study. The methods are described in detail in the related identifier paper.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2021View details →

Wildfire and climate teleconnection data in the Western Mediterranean Basin

This dataset contains the data used to conduct all analyses of the manuscript entitled "Spatio-temporal domains of wildfire-prone teleconnection patterns in the Western Mediterranean Basin". Submitted to Geophysical Research Letters. File fire_data.csv contains monthly gridded data of total burned area (BA), number of fire ignitions (N) and the 95th percentile of fire size (S) at 0.5 degree spatial resolution. The spatial extent covers Portugal, Spain, Southern France, Corsica and Sardina. Original data sources have been acknowledged in the manuscript file. File teleconnections.csv contains monthly data of the the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the East Atlantic (EA), the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Mediterranean Oscillation (MOI), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), the Scandinavian pattern (SCAND) and the Western Mediterranean oscillation (WeMOi). Original data sources have been acknowledged in the manuscript file.

Supplementary material for "Increased sensitivity of marine invertebrates to metal toxicity in the past two decades linked to Climate Change and Ocean Acidification: revelations from a natural population of sea urchins in the Mediterranean Sea." by "Davide Sartori, Guido Scatena, Cristina Vrinceanu, Andrea Gaion".

Satellite observations of environmental factors and effect concentration 50 for copper to sea urchin, from 2003 to 2022.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Data and code for Haberle, Hackenberger et al.: Effects of climate change on gilthead seabream aquaculture in the Mediterranean

The submission was prepared to accompany the publication Haberle, Hackenberger et al. "Effects of climate change on gilthead seabream aquaculture in the Mediterranean" in Aquaculture (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.740052). The simulations source code is available through GitHub repository at: https://github.com/QuantEcoLab/SparusSim_Haberle_et_al_2023 The Zanodo archive contains GeoTIFF images underlying the figures in the publication, with the corresponding description in the Readme file.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2021View details →

Datasets from: Adaptation of Mediterranean forest species to climate: lessons from common garden experiments

We include information (raw Datasets) corresponding to the paper; Adaptation of Mediterranean forest species to climate: lessons from common garden experiments. Table Journal of Ecology Review.xls. Material used in the metaanalysis JoE Row data Common garden.xls. Raw data for survival and height used in the study. Multi-environment commong garden data for Pinus canariensis, P. halepensis, P. nigra, P. pinaster, Quercus ilex, and Q. suber. JoE Dataset4.xls. Data used for the analysis of local adaptation.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Restored off-channel pond habitats create thermal regime diversity and refuges within a Mediterranean-climate watershed

Cool-water habitats provide increasingly vital refuges for cold-water fish living on the margins of their historical ranges; consequently, efforts to enhance or create cool-water habitat are becoming a major focus of river restoration practices. However, the effectiveness of restoration projects for providing thermal refuge and creating diverse temperature regimes at the watershed scale remains unclear. In the Klamath River in Northern California, the Karuk Tribe Fisheries Program, the Mid-Klamath Watershed Council, and the U.S. Forest Service constructed a series of off-channel ponds that recreate floodplain habitat and support juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) along the Klamath River and its tributaries. We instrumented these ponds and applied multivariate auto-regressive time series models of fine-scale temperature data from ponds, tributaries, and the mainstem Klamath River to assess how off-channel ponds contributed to thermal regime diversity and thermal refuge habitat in the Klamath riverscape. Our analysis demonstrated that ponds provide diverse thermal habitats that are significantly cooler than creek or mainstem river habitats, even during severe drought. Wavelet analysis of long-term (10 years) temperature data indicated that thermal buffering (i.e. dampening of diel variation) increased over time but was disrupted by drought conditions in 2021. Our analysis demonstrates that in certain situations, human-made off-channel ponds can increase thermal diversity in modified riverscapes even during drought conditions, potentially benefiting floodplain-dependent cold-water species. Restoration actions that create and maintain thermal regime diversity and thermal refuges will become an essential tool to conserve biodiversity in climate-sensitive watersheds.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Climate change may alter the signal of plant facilitation in Mediterranean drylands

Facilitation is an ecological interaction that has allowed plant lineages to survive past climate aridification. This same interaction can be expected to buffer the effects of current climate change, which is tending to become more arid in the Mediterranean basin. However, facilitation may wane when stress conditions are extreme. Here we argue that the erosion of the facilitation signal between Quercus ilex and its nurses detected by García-Fayos et al. (2020) along 50 years in the eastern Iberian Peninsula may have been due to the reversion of facilitation to competition imposed by an increasingly arid climate. To support this speculation, we reconstructed the climatic niche of Q. ilex and its nurses as well as the local climate change occurring in the populations studied. We found that the decreasing trend in precipitation is pushing Q. ilex out of its climatic optimum in the stressful (semi-arid) but not in the mild (sub-humid) habitats. These results suggest that facilitation will be unable to mitigate the effects of climate change, especially those related to aridification. However, other scenarios linking climatic change with herbivory and rural abandonment should be considered to fully understand the past, present and future of facilitation interactions. Reconstructing past interactions can serve as an early warning signal about the future of populations in the face of climate change.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Seasonal analysis comparison of three air-cooling systems in terms of thermal comfort, air quality and energy consumption for school buildings in Mediterranean climates

Efficient air-cooling systems for hot climatic conditions, such as Southern Europe, are required in the context of nearly Zero Energy Buildings, nZEB. Innovative air-cooling systems such as regenerative indirect evaporative coolers, RIEC and desiccant regenerative indirect evaporative coolers, DRIEC, can be considered an interesting alternative to direct expansion air-cooling systems, DX. The main aim of the present work was to evaluate the seasonal performance of three air-cooling systems in terms of air quality, thermal comfort and energy consumption in a standard classroom. Several annual energy simulations were carried out to evaluate these indexes for four different climate zones in the Mediterranean area. The simulations were carried out with empirically validated models. The results showed that DRIEC and DX improved by 29.8% and 14.6% over RIEC regarding thermal comfort, for the warmest climatic conditions, Lampedusa and Seville. However, DX showed an energy consumption three and four times higher than DRIEC for these climatic conditions, respectively. RIEC provided the highest percentage of hours with favorable indoor air quality for all climate zones, between 46.3% and 67.5%. Therefore, the air-cooling systems DRIEC and RIEC have a significant potential to reduce energy consumption, achieving the user’s thermal comfort and improving indoor air quality.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2022View details →

Text-fig. 1. Modern vegetation proxies as delivered by the Drudge 1 and 2 tools for Parschlug. Left column results from KovarEder et al. (2021) based on the floristic spectrum published by Kovar-Eder et al. (2004). The other three columns result from three variants using the enlarged floristic spectrum herein. Differences between variants 1–3 from this study are caused by differences in assignment of some taxa and morphotypes (see Appendix 1). European vegetation formations: Formation C – Subarctic, boreal and nemoral-montane open woodlands as well as subalpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation; Formation D – Mesophytic and hygromesophytic coniferous and mixed broad-leaved-coniferous forests; Formation F – Mesophytic broadleaved deciduous and mixed broadleaved/conifer forests; Formation G – Thermophilous mixed deciduous broadleaved forests; Formation J – Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests and scrub; Formation K – Xerophytic coniferous forests, coniferous woodland and scrub. East Asian vegetation types: MCF China, Japan – Montane Coniferous Forests China, Honshu, Yakushima; BLDF N and NE Provinces, China – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forests of the Northern and Northeastern Provinces (China); BLDF Upper Yangtze, Honshu – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forest, Upper Yangtze Provinces, Mt. Emei, and Honshu; MMF China – Mixed Mesophytic Forest, Lower Yangtze Provinces; BLEF China, Japan – Broad-leaved Evergreen Forests, China, Japan; Meili Snow Mt. high altitude SCL and BLF, China – Meili Snow Mt., Sclerophyllous and broad-leaved forest zone (2,580-3,650 m alt.). (Designations of European vegetation formations follow Bohn et al. (2004) and Asian ones follow Kovar-Eder et al. (2021). in Floristic, Vegetation And Climate Assessment Of The Early/Middle Miocene Parschlug Flora Indicates A Distinctly Seasonal Climate

Text-fig. 1. Modern vegetation proxies as delivered by the Drudge 1 and 2 tools for Parschlug. Left column results from KovarEder et al. (2021) based on the floristic spectrum published by Kovar-Eder et al. (2004). The other three columns result from three variants using the enlarged floristic spectrum herein. Differences between variants 1–3 from this study are caused by differences in assignment of some taxa and morphotypes (see Appendix 1). European vegetation formations: Formation C – Subarctic, boreal and nemoral-montane open woodlands as well as subalpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation; Formation D – Mesophytic and hygromesophytic coniferous and mixed broad-leaved-coniferous forests; Formation F – Mesophytic broadleaved deciduous and mixed broadleaved/conifer forests; Formation G – Thermophilous mixed deciduous broadleaved forests; Formation J – Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests and scrub; Formation K – Xerophytic coniferous forests, coniferous woodland and scrub. East Asian vegetation types: MCF China, Japan – Montane Coniferous Forests China, Honshu, Yakushima; BLDF N and NE Provinces, China – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forests of the Northern and Northeastern Provinces (China); BLDF Upper Yangtze, Honshu – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forest, Upper Yangtze Provinces, Mt. Emei, and Honshu; MMF China – Mixed Mesophytic Forest, Lower Yangtze Provinces; BLEF China, Japan – Broad-leaved Evergreen Forests, China, Japan; Meili Snow Mt. high altitude SCL and BLF, China – Meili Snow Mt., Sclerophyllous and broad-leaved forest zone (2,580-3,650 m alt.). (Designations of European vegetation formations follow Bohn et al. (2004) and Asian ones follow Kovar-Eder et al. (2021).

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

When resilience is not enough: 2022 extreme marine heatwave threatens climatic refugia for a habitat-forming Mediterranean octocoral

Climate change is impacting ecosystems worldwide, and the Mediterranean Sea is no exception. Extreme climatic events, such as marine heat waves (MHWs), are increasing in frequency, extent, and intensity during the last decades, which has been associated with an increase in mass mortality events for multiple species. Coralligenous assemblages, where the octocoral Paramuricea clavata lives, are strongly affected by MHWs. The Medes Islands Marine Reserve (NW Mediterranean) was considered a climate refugia for P. clavata, as their populations were showing some resilience to these changing conditions. In this study, we assessed the impacts of the MHWs that occurred between 2016 and 2022 in seven shallow populations of the octocoral P. clavata from a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area. The years that the mortality rates increased significantly were associated with the ones with strong MHWs, 2022 being the one with higher mortalities. In 2022, with 50 MHW days, the proportion of total affected colonies was almost 70%, with a proportion of the injured surface of almost 40%, reaching levels never attained in our study site since the monitoring was started. We also found spatial variability between the monitored populations. Whereas few of them showed low levels of mortality, others lost around 75% of their biomass. The significant impacts documented here raise concerns about the future of shallow P. clavata populations across the Mediterranean, suggesting that the resilience of this species may not be maintained to sustain these populations face the ongoing warming trends.

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Data from: Climatic disequilibrium of recruit communities across a drought-induced die-off gradient in Mediterranean shrubland

Positive plant–plant interactions (facilitation) may enhance the recruitment and establishment of species less adapted to local macroclimatic conditions. A major cause of this effect is climatic buffering, which implies an increased mismatch between the macroclimatic conditions and the climatic requirements of the existing community – climatic disequilibrium – of plants living under canopies. Here we explore the effect of drought-induced defoliation of Mediterranean shrubland canopy on the recruitment of woody species. We analyzed the differences in the climatic disequilibrium across different categories of canopy defoliation and plant–plant interactions: facilitation, neutral and inhibition. Climatic disequilibrium was estimated as the Euclidean distance in the multivariate environmental space between observed macroclimate and community inferred climate. The inferred climate was calculated by averaging the coordinates of the species' climatic niche centroids, obtained from species distribution, weighted by the species' relative abundances in each community. We found that the recruiting community growing under canopy showed higher climatic disequilibrium than the community growing in the gaps. The facilitated recruiting community growing under dead and living canopy showed the highest disequilibrium, followed by the community growing under mid-affected canopy. The climatic disequilibrium of the recruiting communities experiencing neutral and inhibited interaction was not affected by canopy defoliation. These findings indicate that the climatic disequilibrium of the recruiting community is determined by the facilitation–competition balance. Living canopy provides climatic buffering, but it also implies competition, while dead canopy may provide some structural climatic buffering, without implying competition for resources. These results highlight the relevance of incorporating plant–plant interactions, particularly facilitation, to better forecast plant community responses to extreme climate events and climate change.

Fig. 5 in Climate-driven diversity changes of Mediterranean echinoids over the last 6 Ma

Fig. 5. Stratigraphic distribution and climatic preferences of regular and irregular echinoids recorded in the Miocene to Recent Mediterranean area.

Fig. 3 in Climate-driven diversity changes of Mediterranean echinoids over the last 6 Ma

Fig. 3. Biogeography of regular (A) and irregular (B) echinoid genera which occurred in the Mediterranean during the Late Miocene–Holocene.

Fig. 2 in Climate-driven diversity changes of Mediterranean echinoids over the last 6 Ma

Fig. 2. Current distribution by depth of shelf-preferring/exclusive echinoid genera that still live or lived in Mediterranean during the late Cenozoic. Data are expressed in percentage of the centennial bathymetric records collected by OBIS (https://obis.org).

Fig. 4 in Climate-driven diversity changes of Mediterranean echinoids over the last 6 Ma

Fig. 4. Rare echinoids from the Mediterranean late Cenozoic to Recent. A. Stirechinus scillae Desor, 1856, MG 1034.10, Early Pleistocene, Contrada Coilare (Messina, Sicily), in lateral view. B. Spatangus purpureus (Müller, 1776), MG 1038.01, Calabrian, Castell'Arquato, Italy, in aboral view. C. Sardospatangus rovasendai (Airaghi, 1901), MTPL.1246, Piacenzian of Pecetto Piemontese, Italy, in aboral (C1) and oral (C2) views. D. Schizechinus serialis Pomel, 1887, MCS Ss.17, Calabrian, Stirone River, Parma, Italy, in lateral view. E. Schizechinus serialis Pomel, 1887, MG Sz.15, Calabrian, Castell'Arquato, Italy, in aboral view. F. Tripneustes gahardensis (Seunes, 1896), MGUS 2040, late Tortonian–early Messinian, Espera, Spain, in aboral view. G. Gracilechinus acutus (Lamarck, 1816), MCS Ga.12 (ex Bussolati collection), Calabrian, Stirone River, Parma, Italy, in lateral view. H. Granopatagus subinermis (Pomel, 1887), MZUF.1359, Recent, off Livorno, Italy, in oral (H1) and aboral (H2) views.

Fig. 6 in Climate-driven diversity changes of Mediterranean echinoids over the last 6 Ma

Fig. 6. Mediterranean biostratigraphy of some regular (green) and irregular (blue) echinoid genera showing appearances and disappearances during the Pliocene–Holocene interval. Shaded parts of the δ18O curve indicate the beginning and the gradual intensification of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation A) according to Mudelsee and Raymo (2005), and the remarkable climate deterioration within the Gelasian at around 2.1 Ma (B). Chronostratigraphy is from Cohen et al. (2013).

Fig. 1 in Climate-driven diversity changes of Mediterranean echinoids over the last 6 Ma

Fig. 1. Stratigraphy (A) and location (B) of some echinoid key sites from Italy, showing some of the most significant appearances, disappearances and other occurrences of Mediterranean late Cenozoic echinoids. Lithology and stratigraphy are reconstructed from Borghi and Garilli (2017) and Crippa et al. (2019) for Stirone east; Cau et al. (2015) for Stirone west; Ceregato et al. (2007) for Campore; Capozzi and Picotti (2003) for Castrocaro; Di Bella et al. (2005) for Anzio; Borghi and Garilli (2017) for Sant'Andrea. The nannofossil biozones (CNPL) and the age of Discoaster tamalis last occurrence are after Backman et al. (2012). The foraminifer biozonation (MPL) is according to Lirer et al. (2019).