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Fig. 1 in The metabolic sensitivity of hydrogen isotope fractionation differs between plant compounds

Fig. 1. Schematic, simplified overview of plant leaf carbohydrate, acetogenic lipid, and phytol synthesis. Reactions altered by impaired enzyme activities through mutations in the starch synthesis pathway marked in red for A. thaliana, or otherwise annotated for different species. Arrows in blue indicate putative reactions where C-bound H-exchange can occur. NADPH production is marked in purple and NADPH consumption is marked in pink. All used mutants accumulate trace amounts of starch, *except for the adg2-1 genotype, which accumulates around 40% of WT starch levels (Lin et al., 1988a). The MEP and acetogenic pathways are highlighted by yellow and orange dashed lines, respectively. Night-time starch degradation can provide a source of 2H-depleted carbohydrates in WT plants and is marked with brown dashed lines. Transport of G6P across the chloroplast membrane, indicated by the dashed black line, may occur when chloroplast G6P reach excess levels, like in pgm mutants (Kunz et al., 2010). Organic compounds extracted and measured for δ2H are shown in outlined white boxes. Abbreviations: 3PGA, 3-phosphoglycerate; Acetyl-CoA, acetyl coenzyme A; ADPGlc, ADP-glucose; CBB cycle, Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle; DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate; DOXP, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate; F1,6BP, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate; F6P, fructose 6-phosphate; FA, fatty acid; Fd, ferredoxin; FNR, ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase; G6P, glucose 6-phosphate; G1P, glucose 1-phosphate; GAP, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; GGPP, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate; Glc, glucose; IPP, isopentenyl pyrophosphate; Mal, maltose; MEP, 2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate; oxPPP, oxidative pentose phosphate pathway; Sucrose 6P, sucrose 6-phosphate; UDPGlc, UDP-glucose. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 5 in The metabolic sensitivity of hydrogen isotope fractionation differs between plant compounds

Fig. 5. Schematic overview of the origin of H positions from phytol (A), n-C16:0 (B), and G6P and F6P (C). Red H represents that originating from RuBP and are annotated with possible positions in superscript, following nomenclature from Wieloch et al. (2022a): H1, H2, H6S and H6R, where H1 and H6S, and H2 and H6R are interchangeable at the triose-phosphate level, noted as H 1/6S and H 2/6R, respectively. Blue H represent those derived from surrounding water. Green H represent those derived from NADPH. Tallies of H atoms from specific sources are shown for different compounds. In these tallies, numbers of H1/6S are separately counted, highlighting that H 1/6S is contributing more H in phytol and carbohydrates compared to in acetogenic lipids. Superscript numbers on C atoms follow C positions 1 through 6 in hexose molecules. Although numbers on C atoms should also be considered interchangeable at the triose-phosphate level, we did not visualize this to maintain better traceability of C throughout reactions. Simplified visualization of RuBisCO carboxylation and oxygenation shows exchange of H 2/6R with water and 2H-enrichment of H1/6S in the photorespiration pathway, which end up in 3PGA. During the PGI reaction between F6P and G6P, H2/6R can transfer intramolecularly or H 2/6R can be exchanged with water, which should be considered if H 2/6R is thought to be an important driver for δ2 H values. Information compiled from different publications (Cormier et al., 2018; Eisenreich et al., 2004; Gutbrod et al., 2019; Lichtenthaler, 1999; Schleucher et al., 1999; Schmidt et al., 2003). Abbreviations: 3PGA, 3-phosphoglycerate; DMAPP, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate; DOXP, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate; F6P, fructose 6-phosphate; G6P, glucose 6-phosphate; GAP, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; GGPP, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate; IPP, isopentenyl pyrophosphate; MEP, 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate; RuBP, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate; TPP, thiamine pyrophosphate. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 3 in The metabolic sensitivity of hydrogen isotope fractionation differs between plant compounds

Fig. 3. Δεbio values of different compounds across starchless mutants of species with respect to WT mean value. Boxplot structure is explained in Fig. 2. Asterisks indicate a significant difference from zero (***p <0.001, **p <0.01, *p <0.05). Letters at the top of the plotting area indicate significant differences between the species within each respective compound (p <0.05). Letters below the plotting area indicate significant differences between compounds within a species (p <0.05), where species are separated by lines and fill colors, and letter positions are aligned with the respective mutant and compounds. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 4 in The metabolic sensitivity of hydrogen isotope fractionation differs between plant compounds

Fig. 4. Comparison of εbio values among species and mutants between phytol and n-C16:0 (A), and between phytol and cellulose (B). Dashed lines represent significant (p <0.05) correlations, with the black line representing the correlation across all species and genotypes, and the colored lines representing the correlations across genotypes within a species. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

ClinicalTrials.gov32/100

Effects of Berries and Berry Fractions on Metabolic Diseases

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01860547. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

ClinicalTrials.gov32/100

Effects of Faba Bean Fractions as Ingredients in Novel Food Products on Glycemia, Appetite and Metabolic Control

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02658591. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

ClinicalTrials.gov28/100

Variability in Human Fatty Acids Profiles Based on Blood Fractions and Metabolic Conditions

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06731400. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.

openGEO-OpenDec 2019View details →

geo24/100

Epigenetic and transcriptomic characterization of pure adipocyte fractions from obese pigs identifies candidate pathways controlling metabolism

GEO Series GSE136754. Sus scrofa. 57 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing.

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Myeloid Fatty Acid Metabolism Activates Neighboring Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Fuel Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

GEO Series GSE288048. Mus musculus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.

openGEO-OpenMar 2025View details →

Study to Characterize Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of 14C PF-06651600 and to Evaluate the Absolute Oral Bioavailability and Fraction Absorbed of PF-06651600.

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03929510. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.

Abnormal Vascular, Metabolic, and Neural Function During Exercise in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03465072. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.

Cardiac and Metabolic Effects of Semaglutide in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05371496. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.

A Clinical Study of Ultrasound-derived Fat Fraction to Assess Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06487325. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.

Effects of Faba Bean Fractions as Ingredients in Novel Food Products on Glycemia, Appetite and Metabolic Control

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02666586. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.

Modulation of Circulating Levels of the Ketone Body 3-hydroxybutyrate in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Metabolic Effects. (KETO-HFpEF-Metabolic)

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05159570. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.

zenodo20/100

Fig. 2 in The metabolic sensitivity of hydrogen isotope fractionation differs between plant compounds

Fig. 2. Δεbio values from different compounds across the A. thaliana mutants, relative to the mean of the WT. Boxes represent interquartile range and median values. The whiskers extend to observations that fall within 1.5 times above or below the box size; individual points represent observations that fall out of this range. Asterisks indicate a significant difference from zero (***p <0.001, **p <0.01, *p <0.05). Letters at the top of the plotting area indicate significant differences between the different mutants within each respective compound (p <0.05). Letters below the plotting area indicate significant differences between compounds within a mutant (p <0.05), where mutants are separated by lines and fill colors, and letter positions are aligned with the respective compound and mutant. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)