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9 results for “Microbotryum”
Data from: Transmission and temporal dynamics of anther-smut disease (Microbotryum) on alpine carnation (Dianthus pavonius)
1. Theory has shown that sterilizing diseases with frequency-dependent transmission (characteristics shared by many sexually transmitted diseases) can drive host populations to extinction. 2. Anther-smut disease (caused by Microbotryum sp.) has become a model plant pathogen system for studying the dynamics of vector and sexually transmitted diseases: infected individuals are sterilized, producing spores instead of pollen, and the disease is spread between reproductive individuals by insect pollinators. We investigated anther-smut disease in a heavily infected population of Dianthus pavonius (alpine carnation) over an eight-year period to determine disease impacts on host population dynamics. 3. Over the eight years, disease prevalence remained consistently high (>40%) while the host population numbers declined by over 50%. 4. The observed rate of vector transmission to reproductive, adult hosts was inadequate to explain the high disease prevalence. Additional density-dependent aerial transmission to highly susceptible juveniles, indicated from experimental field and greenhouse studies, is likely to play a key role in maintaining the high disease prevalence. 5. Epidemiological models that accounted for the mixed transmission mode predicted an eventual decline in disease. 6. Synthesis: Our results demonstrate that high prevalence of a sterilizing disease does not necessarily drive host populations towards extinction and also highlights the importance of demographic studies for establishing the presence of alternative transmission modes.
Data from: Sympatry and interference of divergent Microbotryum pathogen species.
The impact of infectious diseases in natural ecosystems is strongly influenced by the degree of pathogen specialization and by the local assemblies of potential host species. This study investigated anther-smut disease, caused by fungi in the genus Microbotryum, among natural populations of plants in the Caryophyllaceae. A broad geographic survey focused on sites of the disease on multiple host species in sympatry. Analysis of molecular identities for the pathogens revealed that sympatric disease was most often due to co-occurrence of distinct, host-specific anther-smut fungi, rather than localized cross-species disease transmission. Flowers from sympatric populations showed that the Microbotryum spores were frequently moved between host species. Experimental inoculations to simulate cross-species exposure to the pathogens in these plant communities showed that the anther-smut pathogen was less able to cause disease on its regular host when following exposure of the plants to incompatible pathogens from another host species. These results indicate that multi-host / multi-pathogen communities are common in this system and they involve a previously hidden mechanism of interference between Microbotryum fungi, which likely affects both pathogen and host distributions.
Quantitative disease resistance in wild Silene vulgaris to its endemic pathogen Microbotryum silenes-inflatae collection sites
<p>Details presented on the collections sites of <em>Silene vulgaris</em> seeds from natural populations, for use in the study, Quantitative Disease Resistance in wild <em>Silene vulgaris</em> to its Endemic Pathogen <em>Microbotryum silenes-inflatae</em>. In this study the seeds were collected a mixed half and full sibling families (seeds from the same maternal plants) and used to produce plants that were then cloned by vegetative cuttings. The infection rates of these clones, as well as of their F1 offspring, by the fungus Microbotryum silenes-inflatae are also presented.</p>
Data from: Effect of the anther-smut fungus Microbotryum on the juvenile growth of its host Silene latifolia
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Data from: Sympatry and interference of divergent Microbotryum pathogen species.
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Quantitative disease resistance in wild Silene vulgaris to its endemic pathogen Microbotryum silenes-inflatae collection sites
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Data from: Transmission and temporal dynamics of anther-smut disease (Microbotryum) on alpine carnation (Dianthus pavonius)
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Data from: Distribution and population structure of the anther smut fungus Microbotryum silenes-acaulis parasitizing an arctic-alpine plant
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Data from: Specificity and seasonal prevalence of anther-smut disease Microbotryum on sympatric Himalayan Silene species
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