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14 results for “Mikania micrantha”
Data for: Increasing planting density increases fruit mass and reduces the dispersal ability of a range-expanding invasive plant, Mikania micrantha
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> Invasive plants may evolve a suite of distinctive traits during spread in the new range. Among these traits, dispersal ability is an important trait determining the invasion speed of exotic plants. There is evidence that higher dispersal ability is favored at the invasion front, where population density may be low. However, no study has explicitly tested how planting density in a common garden affects the dispersal ability of invasive plants.</p> <p><strong>Location:</strong> Hainan island of China.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> In this study, using 27 populations of an invasive plant, <em>Mikania micrantha</em>, which is expanding its range on Hainan island of China, we examine how three dispersal-related traits (i.e., dispersal ability, fruit mass, and pappus radius) change with distance from invasion centre and field population density, and how planting density in a common garden affects dispersal traits.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Dispersal traits did not change with distance from the invasion centre and field population cover either in the natural environment or in the common garden. In the common garden, increasing planting density from one to five plants per pot increased fruit mass and decreased dispersal ability, indicating that the effect of density on dispersal traits could not be detected in the field. The relationship between dispersal ability in the natural environment and that in the common garden was positive but significant only under the five plants per pot treatment, possibly because dispersal traits in natural conditions were selected under high density growth conditions.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions:</strong> Our results indicate that increasing population density may increase fruit mass and reduce the dispersal ability of range-expanding invasive plants. We suggest that further studies exploring the patterns of dispersal traits in range-expanding invasive plants in a common garden should consider intraspecific competition.</p>
Stand biomass decreases towards the edge of a range expanding invasive plant, Mikania micrantha, but only on thick soil layers
<p>During range expansion, invasive plants may evolve distinctive traits that make them rapidly occupy the suitable sites at the invasion front, but it is unknown how stand biomass (i.e., biomass production of dense monocultural stands, which may predict invasion speed and impacts) changes during range expansion, and if stand biomass is related to competitive ability. In this study, we examined how competitive ability against common intraspecific competitors and stand biomass when six plants from the same population were grown together change during range expansion, using 27 populations of the invasive <em>Mikania</em> <em>micrantha</em> on Hainan island of China. Competitive ability did not decrease towards the range edge. Stand biomass decreased towards the range edge in 11 L pots with a thick soil layer, but not in 3 L pots with a thin soil layer. Stand biomass was negatively correlated with root-to-shoot ratio in 3 L pots but not in 11 L pots. Stand biomass was unrelated to competitive ability. Our results indicate that edge populations of invasive <em>M. micrantha</em> may have reduced stand-level performance in habitats with thick soil layers. In habitats with shallow soil layers, populations may evolve greater allocation to roots and reduced stand-level performance.</p>
Stand biomass decreases towards the edge of a range expanding invasive plant, Mikania micrantha, but only on thick soil layers
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Data for: Increasing planting density increases fruit mass and reduces the dispersal ability of a range-expanding invasive plant, Mikania micrantha
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Data from: Suppression of reproductive characteristics of the invasive plant Mikania micrantha by sweet potato competition
Background: As a means of biologically controlling Mikania micrantha H.B.K. in Yunnan, China, the influence of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] on its reproductive characteristics was studied. The trial utilized a de Wit replacement series incorporating six ratios of sweet potato and M. micrantha plants in 25 m2 plots over two years. Results: Budding of M. micrantha occurred at the end of September; flowering and fruiting occurred from October to February. Flowering phenology of M. micrantha was delayed (P<0.05), duration of flowering and fruiting was reduced (P<0.05) and duration of bud formation was increased (P<0.05) with increasing proportions of sweet potato. Reproductive allocation, reproductive investment and reproductive index of M. micrantha were significantly reduced (P<0.05) with increasing sweet potato densities. Apidae bees, and Calliphoridae or Syrphidae flies were the most abundant visitors to M. micrantha flowers. Overall flower visits decreased (P<0.05) as sweet potato increased. Thus the mechanism by which sweet potato suppressed sexual reproduction in M. micrantha was essentially two-fold: causing a delay in flowering phenology and reducing pollinator visits. The number, biomass, length, set rate, germination rate, and 1000-grain dry weight of M. micrantha seeds were suppressed (P<0.05) by sweet potato competition. With proportional increases in sweet potato, sexual and asexual seedling populations of M. micrantha were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The mortality of both seedling types increased (P<0.05) with proportional increases in sweet potato. Conclusions: These results suggest that sweet potato significantly suppresses the reproductive ability of the invasive species M. micrantha, and is a promising alternative to traditional biological control and other methods of control. Planting sweet potato in conjunction with other control methods could provide a comprehensive strategy for managing M. micrantha. The scenario of controlling M. micrantha by utilizing a crop with a similar growth form may provide a useful model for similar management strategies in other systems.
Genome sequencing of Pachypeltis micranthus Mu et Liu (Hemiptera: Miridae), a potential biological control agent for Mikania micrantha
<p><span>The plant bug, <i>Pachypeltis micranthus</i> Mu et Liu (Hemiptera: Miridae), is a potential biological control agent for <i>Mikania micrantha</i> H.B.K. (Asteraceae; one of the most invasive weeds worldwide). To date, only a few studies have investigated plant bugs. Here, we performed a chromosome-level genome assembly of <i>P. micranthus</i> using MGISEQ-2000 short-read, Nanopore, PacBio long-read, and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) techniques. The assembled genome was 712.72 Mb in size, with a contig N50 of 16.84 Mb. Using the Hi-C technique, 71 scaffolds were assembled into 15 chromosomes, accounting for 99.96%. We predicted 11,746 protein-coding genes in <i>P. micranthus</i> with 96.20% complete benchmarking universal single-copy orthologs. Phylogenomic analysis showed that <i>P. micranthus</i> and two other Miridae bugs (<i>Apolygus lucorum</i> and <i>Nesidiocoris tenuis</i>) diverged from the common ancestor approximately 200.01 million years ago. Chromosome synteny analysis between <i>P. micranthus</i> and <i>A. lucorum</i> indicated high-level synteny. Many gene families including chemosensory genes and digestive and detoxification enzyme genes—were significantly expanded in the <i>P. micranthus</i> genome. These expanded gene families may indicate the bug to adapt to the single host plant. This high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly provides an invaluable resource for further molecular and evolutionary research on mirid bugs and also provides a basis for further research on biological control mechanisms for<i> M. micrantha</i>.</span></p>
Genome sequencing of Pachypeltis micranthus Mu et Liu (Hemiptera: Miridae), a potential biological control agent for Mikania micrantha
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Data from: Suppression of reproductive characteristics of the invasive plant Mikania micrantha by sweet potato competition
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Data from: Suppression of the invasive plant mile-a-minute (Mikania micrantha) by local crop sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) by means of higher growth rate and competition for soil nutrients
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Geographical variables of invasive Mikania micrantha populations
<p>Why invasive species can rapidly adapt to novel environments is a puzzling question known as the genetic paradox of invasive species. This paradox is explainable in terms of transposable elements (TEs) activity, which are theorized to be powerful mutational forces to create genetic variation. Mikania micrantha, a noxious invasive weed, in this sense provides an excellent opportunity to test the explanation. The genetic and epigenetic variation of 21 invasive populations of M. micrantha in southern China have been examined by using Transposon DisplayTD) and Transposon Methylation Display (TMD) techniques to survey 12 TE superfamilies. Our results showed that M. micrantha populations maintained an almost equally high level of TE-based genetic and epigenetic variation and they have been differentiated into subpopulations genetically and epigenetically. A similar positive spatial genetic and epigenetic structure pattern was observed within 300 m. Six and seven TE superfamilies presented significant genetic and epigenetic isolation by distance (IBD) pattern. In total, 59 genetic and 86 epigenetic adaptive TE loci were identified. Of them, 51 genetic and 44 epigenetic loci were found to correlate with 25 environmental variables (including precipitation, temperature, vegetation coverage, and soil metals). Twenty-five transposon-inserted genes were sequenced and homology-based annotated, which are found to be involved in a variety of molecular and cellular functions. Our research consolidates the importance of TE-associated genetic and epigenetic variation in the rapid adaptation and invasion of M. micrantha.</p>
Geographical variables of invasive Mikania micrantha populations
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Integrated analysis of transcriptome and small RNAome reveals the regulatory network for rapid growth in Mikania micrantha [sRNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE210299. Mikania micrantha. 15 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Integrated analysis of transcriptome and small RNAome reveals the regulatory network for rapid growth in Mikania micrantha [RNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE210298. Mikania micrantha. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Integrated analysis of transcriptome and small RNAome reveals the regulatory network for rapid growth in Mikania micrantha
GEO Series GSE210300. Mikania micrantha. 30 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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