Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Generalized model-based solutions to false positive error in species detection/non-detection data: DataS5.

Data/code associated with empirical case study (Gray fox relative abundance estimation/prediction) in article "Generalized model-based solutions to false positive error in species detection/non-detection data" [doi pending].

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2018View details →

New Ideas for Brain Modelling 4-Figure 4. LHS relates to neuron binding ensemble mass, with central column activated. RHS relates to hierarchy, with a direct mapping. The two red lines show where the ensemble is missing and so it needs to be learned. The blue lines show extra neurons from the hierarchy back to the ensemble, but can be removed as error. The other paired black squares represent where the patterns match and can oscillate together.

This paper continues the research that considers a new cognitive model based strongly on the human brain, last updated in Greer (2016). In particular, it considers figure 4 of that paper (Figure  below) and how it might be useful in practice. The paper also describes some new methods in the areas of image processing and behaviour simulation. The image processing introduces a most classical form of pattern cross-referencing, while the behaviour equations used feedback for a memory-type of cross-referencing. The work is all based on earlier research by the author and the new additions are intended to fit in with the overall design. For image processing, a grid-like structure is used with ‘full linking’, if you like. Each cell in the classifier grid stores a list of all other cells it gets associated with and this is used as the learned image that new input is compared with. For the behaviour metric, a new prediction equation is suggested, as part of a simulation, that uses feedback and history to dynamically determine its current state and course of action. While the new methods are from widely different topics, both can be compared with the binary-analog type of interface that is the main focus of the paper. Sensory input may be static and binary, but cross- references result in variable comparisons that make the input more dynamic. It is suggested that the simplest of linking between a tree and ensemble can explain neural binding and variable signal strengths.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Supplements for "Solvent Accessibility Promotes Rotamer Errors During Protein Modelling with Major Side-Chain Prediction Programs"

Supplements for "Solvent Accessibility Promotes Rotamer Errors During Protein Modelling with Major Side-Chain Prediction Programs" This supplement includes the following files: <ul> <li>Main_v02.R --- Script in R language to process files (in "PDBs.zip") and produce the dataset ("Dataset_v02.csv")</li> <li>PDBs.zip --- PDB files include filtered structures processed by three programs</li> <li>Dataset_v02.csv --- final filtered version of dataset produced in R language (by "Main_v02.R").   </li> <li>Dataset key.txt --- key to column names in Dataset_v02.csv     </li> </ul> The article featuring this dataset is published in: Journal:  Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling Title: "Solvent Accessibility Promotes Rotamer Errors During Protein Modelling with Major Side-Chain Prediction Programs" Author(s): Hameduh, Tareq; Mokry, Michal ; Miller, Andrew  ; Heger, Zbynek; Haddad, Yazan <a href="https://emea01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1021%2Facs.jcim.3c00134&data=05%7C01%7C%7C4876a5c33e5f4bd8daf008db7e55a28d%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C638242678496577396%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=NE%2F0dYvc4m5%2B8T0YQtqxY21yk1pA9ZpiADqzx3vEJ4Q%3D&reserved=0">https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00134</a>

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

Standard Error Estimates from ARRI ensemble GAM model outputs

Summary (Purpose) Basal area per acre (BAA) standard error estimate (SEE) for all trees, pine trees, and non-pine trees across three diameter at breast height (DBH) size classes, 2- to 10-inch, 10- to 14-inch, and 14+ inch. Models were informed by relative density rasters from 2018 Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) point clouds. Description The GAM_SEE_rasters are modelled basal area per acre standard error estimate single band rasters. The units for the rasters’ are square foot per acre. Rasters are divided into three tree species groups: 'All' trees, 'Pine' trees (defined as trees of the genus Pinus), and 'No-Pine' trees, and three size classes: LT 10 for trees with DBH between 2- and 10-inches, 10-14 for trees with DBH between 10- and 14- inch DBH, and GT 14 for trees with DBH greater than 14-inches. Ensemble generalized additive models (GAM) of estimated tree basal area per DBH class were created from Restore field plots and relative density canopy cover rasters, or RDCC (St. Peter, et al., 2023). This ensemble GAM model was created using the R script detailed in Hogland, 2021. The parameters used were 0.75 for the percent of data used to train the model (selected using random sampling with replacement), 50 models, and using gaussian family. The estimated BAA for each of the 50 ensemble GAM models for each cell were averaged (mean) to produce the GAM estimate, additionally the variability between these estimates was used to create the standard error estimate (SEE) for each cell.     The 246 Restore field plots used to train the GAM model of basal area include measurements of all trees within four non-overlapping 9m radius circular subplots within a 36m square plot. Tree diameter at breast height (DBH), species, count, and condition measurements were recorded. Measurements were summarized to the plot and DBH (square inches) was converted to basal area per acre (square feet per acre) using the formula 0.005454 * DBH^2. Restore field plots were measured in the Spring of 2018. The RDCC metrics are 5m resolution multiband rasters produced by applying a custom r software function that uses the r software’s ‘lidR’ package to produce forest metrics summarized from Light Imaging Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. ARSA LiDAR is a combination of three collections, Block 2 and 3 were collected in early 2018 and has a NPS of 0.7-m using a Riegl VQ-1560i lidar system. Leon county LiDAR data has a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.35-m and was acquired between February 05, 2018 and April 25, 2018 using the Leica ALS80 HP SN8137 and SN8235 lidar systems.  Choctawhatchee data was acquired in early 2017, using the Riegl LMS-Q1560 lidar system and has a NPS of 0.7-m. Rasters were generated in their vendor provided spatial projection before being reprojected to UTM Zone 16.   The 5m resolution RDCC bands were summarized to 40x40m to correspond with the area of our plots and used as predictor variables in the models of all trees basal area. Each 5m pixel value represents the estimated standard error of the basal area per acre estimate as if it was the center of a 40x40m (8x8 cells) plot surrounding that pixel.     Reference: Hogland, J. (2021). Ensemble Generalized Additive Models (EGAM). Retrieved from Jupyter Notebook: <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1GnRagruTUCoPJQZSkZ2vMKS9aAKgnhEw?usp=sharing">https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1GnRagruTUCoPJQZSkZ2vMKS9aAKgnhEw?usp=sharing</a> St. Peter, Joseph, Drake, Jason, Medley, Paul, & Ibeanusi, Victor. (2023). Relative Density Canopy Cover Outputs for Leon Lidar data in the Florida Panhandle 2018 [Data set]. In Remote Sensing (Vol. 13, Number 23, p. 4763). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8222114 Credits This dataset was built by Joseph St. Peter of FAMU’s Center for Spatial Ecology and Restoration using 2018 LiDAR data funded by Leon County, Northwest Florida Water Management District, US Geological Survey and the USDA Forest Service and processed using the r package lidR. Restore plots were funded by the Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council (RESTORE Council) through an interagency agreement with the USDA Forest Service (17-IA-11083150-001) for the Apalachicola Tate’s Hell Strategy 1 project. Use Limitations This spatial data is based on various data collection and processing techniques as well as on modeling or interpretation. While this data uses the most current and complete information available at the time of production, spatial data and derivative products may vary in accuracy. Spatial data are often developed from sources of differing accuracy which may be accurate only at certain scales. This data has been quality checked but may contain spurious errors or be incomplete or inappropriate for certain uses. Spatial data products used for purposes other than those for which they were created, may yield inaccurate or misleading results. The USDA Forest Service, Florida A&M University, and the Center for Spatial Ecology & Restoration (CSER) reserves the right to correct, update, modify, remove or replace GIS products at any time and without notification. This data may not be distributed without written permission from the Center for Spatial Ecology & Restoration (CSER) at Florida A&M University, and/or the USDA Forest Service.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Data for the publication "Reconciling compensating errors between precipitation constraints and the energy budget in a climate model"

These data are a set of 6yr simulations using the MIROC6-SPRINTARS global aerosol-climate model with different treatments (diagnostic and prognostic) of precipitation under the present-day (PD, aerosol emission at the year 2000) and preindustrial (PI, aerosol emission at the year 1850) conditions. The data are used in the manuscript entitled "Reconciling compensating errors between precipitation constraints and the energy budget in a climate model".

dryad36/100

Positional errors in species distribution modelling are not overcome by the coarser grains of analysis

The performance of species distribution models is known to be affected by the analysis grain and the positional error of species occurrences. Coarsening of the spatial analysis grain has been suggested to compensate for positional errors. Nevertheless, this way of dealing with positional errors has never been thoroughly tested. With increasing use of fine-scale environmental data in predictive models developed for conservation and climate change studies it is increasingly important to test this assumption. Species distribution models using fine-scale environmental data are more likely to be negatively affected by positional error as the inaccurate species occurrences might easier end up in unsuitable environment, which can result in inappropriate conservation actions. Here, we examine the trade-offs between positional error and analysis grain and provide recommendations for best practice. We generated virtual species using tree canopy height, topography wetness index, and altitude derived from LiDAR point clouds at 5 x 5 m fine-resolution. We simulated the positional error in the range of 5 m to 99 m and evaluated the effects of several spatial grains in the range of 5 m to 500 m. In total, we assessed 49 combinations of positional accuracy and analysis grain. We used three common modelling techniques (MaxEnt, BRT and GLM) and four discrimination metrics to evaluate model performance (Sørensen index, overprediction and underprediction rate, AUC and TSS). We found that model performance decreased with increasing positional error in species occurrences and coarsening of the analysis grain. Most importantly, we showed that coarsening the analysis grain to compensate for positional error did not improve model performance. Our results reject coarsening of the analysis grain as a solution to address the negative effects of positional error on model performance. We recommend fitting models with the finest possible analysis grain (i.e., depending on data availablity) even when available species occurrences suffer from positional errors. If there are significant positional errors in species occurrence data, users are unlikely to benefit from making additional efforts to obtain higher resolution environmental data unless they also minimize the positional errors of species occurrences.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Observing system simulation experiments to evaluate transport model error on CO2 flux estimates

Atmospheric CO2 inversion using coarse-resolution transport model can cause large errors on surface carbon flux estimates. The transport model errors on flux estimates are isolated using observing system simulation experiments presented here.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Calibration Dataset - HPOSS: A hierarchical portfolio optimization stacking strategy to reduce the generalization error of ensembles of models

Calibration dataset for the study case presented in the paper "HPOSS: A hierarchical portfolio optimization stacking strategy to reduce the generalization error of ensembles of models". It encompasses a .h5 file with a dataset called "Calibrations_LHS", which consists of a 80x5 numpy array of float numbers corresponding to (d1(m),d2(m),d3(m),d4(m),zeta_max(Pa)), where d_i, i = 1,...,4 are dimensions (in meters) of the I-beam and zeta_max is the maximum bending stress (in Pascals) developed in a simply such supported beam with 1 m of length after a point load of 1000N is applied at its center.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

Standard Error Estimates for ARRI Ensemble LM model outputs

Summary Basal area per acre (BAA) standard error estimate (SEE) for all trees, pine trees, and non-pine trees across three diameter at breast height (DBH) size classes, 2- to 10-inch, 10- to 14-inch, and 14+ inch. Models were informed by relative density rasters from 2018 Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) point clouds. Description The LM_SEE_rasters are modelled basal area per acre standard error estimate single band rasters. The units for the rasters’ are square foot per acre. Rasters are divided into three tree species groups: 'All' trees, 'Pine' trees (defined as trees of the genus Pinus), and 'No-Pine' trees, and three size classes: LT 10 for trees with DBH between 2- and 10-inches, 10-14 for trees with DBH between 10- and 14- inch DBH, and GT 14 for trees with DBH greater than 14-inches. Ensemble linear regression models (LM) of estimated tree basal area per DBH class were created from Restore field plots and relative density canopy cover rasters, or RDCC (St. Peter, et al., 2023). This ensemble LM model was created using a custom R script that was based off the work detailed in Hogland, 2021. The ensemble LM script was modified to use the lm() function in place of the GAM modelling functions. The parameters used were 0.75 for the percent of data used to train the model (selected using random sampling with replacement), 50 models, and using gaussian family. The estimated BAA for each of the 50 ensemble LM models for each cell were averaged (mean) to produce the LM estimate, additionally the variability between these estimates was used to create the standard error estimate (SEE) for each cell.   The 246 Restore field plots used to train the LM model of basal area include measurements of all trees within four non-overlapping 9m radius circular subplots within a 36m square plot. Tree diameter at breast height (DBH), species, count, and condition measurements were recorded. Measurements were summarized to the plot and DBH (square inches) was converted to basal area per acre (square feet per acre) using the formula 0.005454 * DBH^2. Restore field plots were measured in the Spring of 2018. The RDCC metrics are 5m resolution multiband rasters produced by applying a custom r software function that uses the r software’s ‘lidR’ package to produce forest metrics summarized from Light Imaging Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. ARSA LiDAR is a combination of three collections, Block 2 and 3 were collected in early 2018 and has a NPS of 0.7-m using a Riegl VQ-1560i lidar system. Leon county LiDAR data has a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.35-m and was acquired between February 05, 2018 and April 25, 2018 using the Leica ALS80 HP SN8137 and SN8235 lidar systems.  Choctawhatchee data was acquired in early 2017, using the Riegl LMS-Q1560 lidar system and has a NPS of 0.7-m. Rasters were generated in their vendor provided spatial projection before being reprojected to UTM Zone 16. The 5m resolution RDCC bands were summarized to 40x40m to correspond with the area of our plots and used as predictor variables in the models of all trees basal area. Each 5m pixel value represents the estimated standard error of the basal area per acre estimate as if it was the center of a 40x40m (8x8 cells) plot surrounding that pixel.   References: Hogland, J. (2021). Ensemble Generalized Additive Models (EGAM). Retrieved from Jupyter Notebook: <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1GnRagruTUCoPJQZSkZ2vMKS9aAKgnhEw?usp=sharing">https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1GnRagruTUCoPJQZSkZ2vMKS9aAKgnhEw?usp=sharing</a> St. Peter, Joseph, Drake, Jason, Medley, Paul, & Ibeanusi, Victor. (2023). Relative Density Canopy Cover Outputs for Leon Lidar data in the Florida Panhandle 2018 [Data set]. In Remote Sensing (Vol. 13, Number 23, p. 4763). Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8222114">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8222114</a> Credits This dataset was built by Joseph St. Peter of FAMU’s Center for Spatial Ecology and Restoration using 2018 LiDAR data funded by Leon County, Northwest Florida Water Management District, US Geological Survey and the USDA Forest Service and processed using the r package lidR. Restore plots were funded by the Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council (RESTORE Council) through an interagency agreement with the USDA Forest Service (17-IA-11083150-001) for the Apalachicola Tate’s Hell Strategy 1 project. Use Limitations This spatial data is based on various data collection and processing techniques as well as on modeling or interpretation. While this data uses the most current and complete information available at the time of production, spatial data and derivative products may vary in accuracy. Spatial data are often developed from sources of differing accuracy which may be accurate only at certain scales. This data has been quality checked but may contain spurious errors or be incomplete or inappropriate for certain uses. Spatial data products used for purposes other than those for which they were created, may yield inaccurate or misleading results. The USDA Forest Service, Florida A&M University, and the Center for Spatial Ecology & Restoration (CSER) reserves the right to correct, update, modify, remove or replace GIS products at any time and without notification. This data may not be distributed without written permission from the Center for Spatial Ecology & Restoration (CSER) at Florida A&M University, and/or the USDA Forest Service.

dryad36/100

Positional errors in species distribution modelling are not overcome by the coarser grains of analysis

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicJul 2022View details →

zenodo32/100

Ionospheric Horizontal Correlation Length Derived From IRI-2016 Model Errors

Ionospheric horizontal correlation length based on IRI-2016 model and JPL Global Ionospheric Maps. This metadata can be used for the construction of the covariance matrix for ionospheric data assimilation. each .nc file corresponds to one bin.  Binning in season (winter, summer, equinox): 00=month 1,2,11,12 01=month 5,6,7,8 02=month 3,4,9,10                     Binning in F10.7 solar flux (low, moderate, high): 00=0-100 s.f.u 01=100-150 s.f.u. 02=150-350 s.f.u.                                                  Binning in UT: 2-h frames.  Example:  The name of the .nc file:        Corr_Length_IRI_seazon_01_sf_00_UT_18.nc    would correspond to summer season, low solar flux, 18-20 UT.  Inside of the .nc files: longitudes=array of geomagnetic longitudes (degrees) latitudes=array of geomagnetic latitudes (degrees) zonal_corr_length=array of size (nlon, nlat), is a map of zonal correlation lengths merid_corr_length=array of size (nlon, nlat), is a map of meridional correlation lengths L_4d=array of size (nlon, nlat, 4), is a map of correlation lengths in 4 perpendicular azimuthal directions; 0=0 deg, 1=90 deg, 2=180 deg, 3=-90 deg L_az=array of size (nlon, nlat, 36), is a map of correlation lengths in 36 azimuthal directions (0,10,20,30,...,350 deg)

opencc-byJun 2020View details →

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Avoidable errors in the modeling of outbreaks of emerging pathogens, with special reference to Ebola

As an emergent infectious disease outbreak unfolds, public health response is reliant on information on key epidemiological quantities, such as transmission potential and serial interval. Increasingly, transmission models fit to incidence data are used to estimate these parameters and guide policy. Some widely used modelling practices lead to potentially large errors in parameter estimates and, consequently, errors in model-based forecasts. Even more worryingly, in such situations, confidence in parameter estimates and forecasts can itself be far overestimated, leading to the potential for large errors that mask their own presence. Fortunately, straightforward and computationally inexpensive alternatives exist that avoid these problems. Here, we first use a simulation study to demonstrate potential pitfalls of the standard practice of fitting deterministic models to cumulative incidence data. Next, we demonstrate an alternative based on stochastic models fit to raw data from an early phase of 2014 West Africa Ebola virus disease outbreak. We show not only that bias is thereby reduced, but that uncertainty in estimates and forecasts is better quantified and that, critically, lack of model fit is more readily diagnosed. We conclude with a short list of principles to guide the modelling response to future infectious disease outbreaks.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Occupancy models for data with false positive and false negative errors and heterogeneity across sites and surveys

False positive detections, such as species misidentifications, occur in ecological data, although many models do not account for them. Consequently, these models are expected to generate biased inference. The main challenge in an analysis of data with false positives is to distinguish false positive and false negative processes while modeling realistic levels of heterogeneity in occupancy and detection probabilities without restrictive assumptions about parameter spaces. Building on previous attempts to account for false positive and false negative detections in occupancy models, we present hierarchical Bayesian models that utilize a subset of data with either confirmed detections of a species' presence (CP model) or both confirmed presences and confirmed absences (CACP model). We demonstrate that our models overcome the challenges associated with false positive data by evaluating model performance in Monte Carlo simulations of a variety of scenarios. Our models also have the ability to improve inference by incorporating previous knowledge through informative priors. We describe an example application of the CP model to quantify the relationship between songbird occupancy and residential development, plus we provide instructions for ecologists to use the CACP and CP models in their own research. Monte Carlo simulation results indicated that, when data contained false positive detections, the CACP and CP models generated more accurate and precise posterior probability distributions than a model that assumed data did not have false positive errors. For the scenarios we expect to be most generally applicable, those with heterogeneity in occupancy and detection, the CACP and CP models generated essentially unbiased posterior occupancy probabilities. The CACP model with vague priors generated unbiased posterior distributions for covariate coefficients. The CP model generated unbiased posterior distributions for covariate coefficients with vague or informative priors, depending on the function relating covariates to occupancy probabilities. We conclude that the CACP and CP models generate accurate inference in situations with false positive data for which previous models were not suitable.

opencc-zeroAug 2019View details →

Data from: Detection error influences both temporal seroprevalence predictions and risk factors associations in wildlife disease models

Understanding the prevalence of pathogens in invasive species is essential to guide efforts to prevent transmission to agricultural animals, wildlife, and humans. Pathogen prevalence can be difficult to estimate for wild species due to imperfect sampling and testing (pathogens may not be detected in infected individuals and erroneously detected in individuals that are not infected). The invasive wild pig (Sus scrofa, also referred to as wild boar and feral swine) is one of the most widespread hosts of domestic animal and human pathogens in North America. We developed hierarchical Bayesian models that account for imperfect detection to estimate the seroprevalence of five pathogens (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, pseudorabies virus, Influenza A virus in swine, Hepatitis E virus, and Brucella spp.) in wild pigs in the United States using a dataset of over 50,000 samples across nine years. To assess the effect of incorporating detection error in models, we also evaluated models that ignored detection error. Both sets of models included effects of demographic parameters on seroprevalence. We compared our predictions of seroprevalence to 40 published studies, only one of which accounted for imperfect detection. We found a range of seroprevalence among the pathogens with a high seroprevalence of pseudorabies virus, indicating significant risk to livestock and wildlife. Demographics had mostly weak effects, indicating that other variables may have greater effects in predicting seroprevalence. Models that ignored detection error led to different predictions of seroprevalence as well as different inferences on the effects of demographic parameters. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating detection error in models of seroprevalence and demonstrate that ignoring such error may lead to erroneous conclusions about the risk associated with pathogen transmission. When using opportunistic sampling data to model seroprevalence and evaluate risk factors, detection error should be included.