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3 results for “Moquiniastrum”
Data from: Phylogenomic loci define the generic boundaries of Gochnatieae and improve resolution at the species level in Moquiniastrum (Compositae)
<p>Understanding the evolution of the tribe Gochnatieae (Compositae) has been the subject of considerable effort in the past decade. This is due to the key position of this tribe in the phylogeny of the sunflower family and the corresponding implications for biogeographic and morphological evolution of Compositae. Previous studies have confirmed the monophyly of this tribe as well as most of the genera that belong to it. However, phylogenetic resolution of Gochnatieae at both the genus- and species-level has remained poor. A subset of new phylogenomic loci used in this study has proven effective and has improved phylogenetic resolution in this group. The results of this work demonstrate Gochnatieae is a well-supported clade comprised of nine genera (<em>Anastraphia</em>, <em>Cnicothamnus</em>, <em>Cyclolepis</em>, <em>Gochnatia</em>, <em>Moquiniastrum</em>, <em>Nahuatlea</em>, <em>Pentaphorus</em>, <em>Richterago</em>, <em>Tehuasca</em>). One recently described genus, <em>Vickia</em>, was not included in this study; but its placement in Gochnatieae as a tenth genus in the tribe is well-justified. The monospecific <em>Cyclolepis</em>, which had been circumscribed within the tribe since its inception but was subsequently removed and designated as <em>incertae sedis</em> since 2014, is also shown to belong to Gochnatieae. We confirmed the monophyletic <em>Moquiniastrum</em> with two well-supported subclades. Ancestral area reconstruction analyses show that Gochnatieae originated in Eastern South America about 53 my. Apparently, except for <em>Cyclolepis</em> and <em>Richterago</em>, the ancestors of the other genera of Gochnatieae originated about 44 my from an area that now corresponds to the central Andes. The presence of the genera in the Chaco phytogeographic province, central Chile, and Mexico-United States-Caribbean is a result of dispersal from the central Andes. The ancestral distribution of <em>Moquiniastrum</em> corresponds to a large area comprising Eastern South America and the current central Andes, about 32 my. Ancestral character state reconstruction that included four characters indicates several states associated with complex plant reproductive biology such as gynodioecy, gynomonoecy, and polygamodioecy are derived in Gochnatieae as are heterogamous capitula (in <em>Moquiniastrum</em> and <em>Richterago</em>), dimorphic and subdimorphic corollas (in <em>Cnicothamnus</em>, <em>Moquiniastrum</em>, and <em>Richterago</em>), and the presence of marginal female corollas (in <em>Moquiniastrum</em> and <em>Richterago</em>). Within <em>Moquiniastrum</em>, two subclades (Densicephalum and Polymorphum) exhibit divergent patterns of trait evolution associated with these reproductive characters which suggests this genus can serve as a model to understand the sexual system evolution in plants.</p>
Data from: Phylogenomic loci define the generic boundaries of Gochnatieae and improve resolution at the species level in Moquiniastrum (Compositae)
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FIGURE 1. A. Moquiniastrum polymorphum, capitulum with female florets. B. M in Moquiniastrum (Gochnatieae, Asteraceae): disentangling the paraphyletic Gochnatia
FIGURE 1. A. Moquiniastrum polymorphum, capitulum with female florets. B. M. blanchetianum, paniculiform synflorescence, capitula with female florets. C. M. cinereum, paniculiform synflorescence, capitula with hermaphrodite florets. D. M. barrosoae, shrub habit. E. M. cordatum, sub-shrub habit. F. M. haumanianum, sub-shrub habit. G. M. polymorphum, tree habit. Photographs: A, D, G, F by G. Sancho; B, C, E by N. Roque.
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