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13 results for “Multi-taxon”
Data from: Multi-taxon inventory reveals highly consistent biodiversity responses to ecospace variation
Amidst the global biodiversity crisis, identifying general principles for variation in biodiversity remains a key challenge. Scientific consensus is limited to a few macroecological rules, such as species richness increasing with area, which provide limited guidance for conservation. In fact, few agreed ecological principles apply at the scale of sites or reserve management, partly because most community-level studies are restricted to single habitat types and species groups. We used the recently proposed ecospace framework and a comprehensive data set for aggregating environmental variation to predict multi-taxon diversity. We studied richness of plants, fungi, and arthropods in 130 sites representing the major terrestrial habitat types in Denmark. We found the abiotic environment (ecospace position) to be pivotal for the richness of primary producers (vascular plants, mosses, and lichens) and, more surprisingly, little support for ecospace continuity as a driver. A peak in richness at intermediate productivity adds new empirical evidence to a long-standing debate over biodiversity responses to productivity. Finally, we discovered a dominant and positive response of fungi and insect richness to organic matter accumulation and diversification (ecospace expansion). Two simple models of producer and consumer richness accounted for 77 % of the variation in multi-taxon species richness suggesting a significant potential for generalization beyond individual species responses. Our study widens the traditional conservation focus on vegetation and vertebrate populations unravelling the importance of diversification of carbon resources for diverse heterotrophs, such as fungi and insects.
EOL computer vision pipelines: Object Detection for Image Cropping: Multi-taxon
<p>Produced by EOL Multitaxon Object Detection Model. Automatically crops images of snakes & lizards (Squamata), beetles (Coleoptera), frogs (Anura), and carnivores (Carnivora) to square dimensions centered around animal(s). Model available in the <a href="https://www.kaggle.com/models/eolorg/multitaxa-crops-thumbnails" target="_blank" rel="noopener">EOL Model Zoo on Kaggle</a>.</p> <ul> <li>Anura = 42646 rows</li> <li>Coleoptera = 115276 rows</li> <li>Squamata = 132680 rows</li> <li>Carnivora = 31132 rows</li> </ul>
Data from: Multi-taxon inventory reveals highly consistent biodiversity responses to ecospace variation
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Where are we now with European forest multi-taxon biodiversity and where can we head to? - Supplementary Material
<p>Supplementary material of the paper "WHERE ARE WE NOW WITH EUROPEAN FOREST MULTI-TAXON BIODIVERSITY AND WHERE CAN WE HEAD TO?"</p>
iNaturalist data for: Multi-taxon biodiversity responses to the 2019–2020 Australian megafires
<p><span>Conditions conducive to fires are becoming increasingly common and widespread under climate change. Recent fire events across the globe have occurred over unprecedented scales, affecting a diverse array of species and habitats. Understanding biodiversity responses to such fires is critical for conservation. Quantifying post-fire recovery is problematic across taxa, from insects to plants to vertebrates, especially at large geographic scales. Novel datasets can address this challenge. We use presence-only citizen science data from iNaturalist, collected before and after the 2019-2020 megafires in burnt and unburnt regions of eastern Australia, to quantify the effect of post-fire diversity responses, up to 18 months post-fire. The geographic, temporal, and taxonomic sampling of this dataset was large, but sampling effort and species discoverability were unevenly spread. We used rarefaction and prediction (iNEXT) with which we controlled sampling completeness among treatments, to estimate diversity indices (Hill numbers: q=0-2) among nine broad taxon groupings and seven habitats, including 3885 species. We estimated an increase in species diversity up to 18 months after the 2019–2020 Australian megafires in regions which were burnt, compared to before the fires in burnt and unburnt regions. Diversity estimates in dry sclerophyll forest matched and likely drove this overall increase post-fire, while no taxon groupings showed clear increases inconsistent with both control treatments post-fire. Compared to unburnt regions, overall diversity across all taxon groupings and habitats greatly decreased in areas exposed to extreme fire severity. Post-fire life histories are complex and species detectability is an important consideration in all post-fire sampling. We demonstrate how fire characteristics, distinct taxa, and habitat influence biodiversity, as seen in local-scale datasets. Further integration of large-scale datasets with small-scale studies will lead to a more robust understanding of fire recovery.</span></p>
iNaturalist data for: Multi-taxon biodiversity responses to the 2019–2020 Australian megafires
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Data from: Beyond surrogacy: A multi-taxon approach to conservation biogeography
Biogeographic analysis of species turnover (β diversity) of plants and animals among regions often yields conflicting results, with regions of high β diversity identified for some taxonomic groups but not others. Such discordance calls into question use of surrogate taxa to forge conservation plans. This discordance begs for a means of comparing multiple taxa across phyla in a manner that is cost-effective, considers limitations in computer resources in certain global regions, and is understood by policy makers and land managers. As a test case for a method taking into account these considerations, we used species lists for ten organismal groups (spanning plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates) to identify regions of high β diversity using Monmonier's algorithm, a spatially explicit technique that is readily implemented and interpreted. Data were for montane (>1000 m elevation) species across the Eastern Arc of Tanzania and Kenya and surrounding areas. Our results indicate that surrogacy does not make for the most effective expenditure of conservation efforts. We also show that to use a multi-taxon approach one need not to rely on intensive surveys of areas in order to make conservation decisions, including reserve selection. Our approach also eliminates the need for complex modeling and comparisons common to many GIS-based complementarity techniques. Additionally, a wide variety of socioeconomic, political, demographic, geological, climatological, and evolutionary factors can be incorporated into the technique to help shape conservation biogeography from a local and regional perspective. This technique can bridge the gap between conservation biogeography theory and application in tropical regions and beyond.
Data from: The indicator side of tree microhabitats: a multi-taxon approach based on bats, birds and saproxylic beetles
1. National and international forest biodiversity assessments largely rely on indirect indicators, based on elements of forest structure that are used as surrogates for species diversity. These proxies are reputedly easier and cheaper to assess than biodiversity. Tree microhabitats – tree-borne singularities such as cavities, conks of fungi or bark characteristics – have gained attention as potential forest biodiversity indicators. However, as with most biodiversity indicators, there is a lack of scientific evidence documenting their quantitative link with the biodiversity they are supposed to assess. 2. We explored the link between microhabitat indices and the richness and abundance of three taxonomic groups: bats, birds, and saproxylic beetles. Using a nation-wide multi-taxon sampling design in France, we compared 213 plots located inside and outside strict forest reserves. We hypothesized that the positive effect setting aside forest reserves has on biodiversity conservation is indirectly due to an increase in the proportion of large structural elements (e.g. living trees, standing and lying deadwood). These, in turn, are likely to favour the quantity and diversity of microhabitats. We analysed the relationship between the abundance and species richness of different groups and guilds (e.g. red-listed species, forest specialists, cavity dwellers) and microhabitat density and diversity. We then used confirmatory structural equation models to assess the direct and indirect effects of management abandonment, large structural elements and microhabitats on the biodiversity of the target species. 3. For several groups of birds and bats, the indirect effect of management abandonment and large structural elements on biodiversity was mediated by microhabitats. However, the magnitude of the link between microhabitat indices and biodiversity was moderate. In particular, saproxylic beetles' biodiversity was poorly explained by microhabitats, large structural elements or management abandonment. 4. Synthesis and applications: Tree microhabitats may serve as indicators for bats and birds, but they are not a universal biodiversity indicator. Rather, compared to large structural elements, they most likely have a complementary role to biodiversity. In terms of forest management and conservation, preserving diversity of microhabitats at the local scale benefits several groups of both bats and birds.
Input data and scripts for "Spatial conservation prioritization for the East Asian islands: a balanced representation of multi-taxon biogeography in a protected area network"
<p>This release contains the input files 'input_data.zip' for the spatial conservation prioritization analysis by Zonation software, which are conducted in Lehtomäki et al. Input data includes biodiversity features (species distribution maps from vascular plants, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and freshwater fishes), habitat condition map (human influence index), priority mask information (the categorized protected area distribution) and the Japanese prefecture polygons in GeoTiff format, and the list of species attributes for conservation weighting in CSV format. Note that endangered rare species have been excluded from this dataset, though they were reflected in the output files. The Zonation setting files and R scripts for pre- and post analyses are included in 'japan-zsetup-1.0.zip' and also placed at GitHub : https://github.com/cbig/japan-zsetup</p> <p>The output files (priority score maps and removal curves) from the original Zonation analyses are summarized in 'output_from_original.data.zip'</p>
Data from: Lake sediment multi-taxon DNA from North Greenland records early post-glacial appearance of vascular plants and accurately tracks environmental changes
High Arctic environments are particularly sensitive to climate changes, but retrieval of paleoecological data is challenging due to low productivity and biomass. At the same time, Arctic soils and sediments have proven exceptional for long-term DNA preservation due to their constantly low temperatures. Lake sediments contain DNA paleorecords of the surrounding ecosystems and can be used to retrieve a variety of organismal groups from a single sample. In this study, we analyzed vascular plant, bryophyte, algal (in particular diatom) and copepod DNA retrieved from a sediment core spanning the Holocene, taken from Bliss Lake on the northernmost coast of Greenland. A previous multi-proxy study including microscopic diatom analyses showed that this lake experienced changes between marine and lacustrine conditions. We inferred the same environmental changes from algal DNA preserved in the sediment core. Our DNA record was stratigraphically coherent, with no indication of leaching between layers, and our cross-taxon comparisons were in accordance with previously inferred local ecosystem changes. Authentic ancient plant DNA was retrieved from nearly all layers, both from the marine and the limnic phases, and distinct temporal changes in plant presence were recovered. The plant DNA was mostly in agreement with expected vegetation history, but very early occurrences of vascular plants, including the woody Empetrum nigrum, document terrestrial vegetation very shortly after glacial retreat. Our study shows that multi-taxon metabarcoding of sedimentary ancient DNA from lake cores is a valuable tool both for terrestrial and aquatic paleoecology, even in low-productivity ecosystems such as the High Arctic.
Data from: The indicator side of tree microhabitats: a multi-taxon approach based on bats, birds and saproxylic beetles
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Data from: Lake sediment multi-taxon DNA from North Greenland records early post-glacial appearance of vascular plants and accurately tracks environmental changes
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Beyond surrogacy: A multi-taxon approach to conservation biogeography
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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