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24 results for “Mutagens”
Figure 2 in Antiproliferative, genotoxic and mutagenic potential of synthetic chocolate food flavoring
Figure 2. Normal cells and cells with chromosomal and nuclear alterations observed in root meristem cells of A. cepa exposed to different concentrations of chocolate flavoring. (A) interphase with two active regions; (B) normal prophase; (C) normal metaphase; (D) normal anaphase; (E) normal telophase; (F) micronucleus (arrow); (G) nuclear nuds, and (H) (arrow) - chromosomal break.
Figure 1 in Antiproliferative, genotoxic and mutagenic potential of synthetic chocolate food flavoring
Figure 1. Cell cycle phase indices obtained for the different concentrations of chocolate flavoring at exposure times 0 hour (Co), 24h and 48 hours. Co: Control; NC: Negative Control.
Data from: Assessing the alignment of sexual and natural selection using radio-mutagenized seed beetles
A major unsolved question in evolutionary biology concerns the relationship between natural and sexual selection. Sexual selection might augment natural selection, e.g. if mutations that harm female fecundity also reduce male mating success. Conversely, sexual selection might favor traits that impair naturally-selected fitness components. We induced detrimental mutations in Callosobruchus maculatus beetles using X-ray irradiation, and then experimentally measured the effect of pre-copulatory sexual selection on offspring number and survival rate. Sexual selection treatment had a negative effect on egg-to-adult survivorship, though the number of progeny reaching adulthood was unaffected, perhaps because eggs and juveniles that failed to develop lessened competition on the survivors. We hypothesize that the negative effect of sexual selection arose because sexually competitive males transmitted a smaller nuptial gift, or carried alleles that conferred reduced survival. Although we found no evidence that sexual selection on males can purge alleles that are detrimental to naturally-selected fitness components, such benefits might exist in other environmental or genetic contexts.
Data from: High-throughput genotyping of green algal mutants reveals random distribution of mutagenic insertion sites and endonucleolytic cleavage of transforming DNA
A high-throughput genetic screening platform in a single-celled photosynthetic eukaryote would be a transformative addition to the plant biology toolbox. Here, we present ChlaMmeSeq (Chlamydomonas MmeI-based insertion site Sequencing), a tool for simultaneous mapping of tens of thousands of mutagenic insertion sites in the eukaryotic unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. We first validated ChlaMmeSeq by in-depth characterization of individual insertion sites. We then applied ChlaMmeSeq to a mutant pool and mapped 11,478 insertions, covering 39% of annotated protein coding genes. We observe that insertions are distributed in a manner largely indistinguishable from random, indicating that mutants in nearly all genes can be obtained efficiently. The data reveal that sequence-specific endonucleolytic activities cleave the transforming DNA and allow us to propose a simple model to explain the origin of the poorly understood exogenous sequences that sometimes surround insertion sites. ChlaMmeSeq is quantitatively reproducible, enabling its use for pooled enrichment screens and for the generation of indexed mutant libraries. Additionally, ChlaMmeSeq allows genotyping of hits from Chlamydomonas screens on an unprecedented scale, opening the door to comprehensive identification of genes with roles in photosynthesis, algal lipid metabolism, the algal carbon-concentrating mechanism, phototaxis, the biogenesis and function of cilia, and other processes for which C. reinhardtii is a leading model system.
Cytotoxicity, Mutagenicity and Genotoxicity of Electronic Cigarettes Emission Aerosols Compared to Cigarette Smoke: the REPLICA project
<p>In this work the REPLICA Team replicated part of the work published by Rudd and colleagues in 2020, which aims to establish the aerosol-induced cytotoxicity, mutagenesis and genotoxicity of a pod system e-cigarette aerosol compared to tobacco cigarette smoke. As in the original paper, we performed Neutral Red Test (NRU) for the evaluation of cytotoxicity, AMES test for the evaluation of mutagenesis and In Vitro Micronuclei (IVM) assay for the evaluation of genotoxicity on cells treated with cigarette smoke or e-cigarette aerosol. The results obtained showed high cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and genotoxicity induced by cigarette smoke, but slight or no cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic effects induced by the e-cigarette aerosol. The data obtained support those previously presented by Rudd and colleagues, although we have highlighted some methodological flaws of their work. Overall, we can affirm that the results obtained by Rudd and colleagues have been established and our data also confirm the idea that e-cigarette aerosol is much safer and less harmful than e-cigarette smoking, making it a useful device in smoking harm reduction</p>
Data from: High-throughput genotyping of green algal mutants reveals random distribution of mutagenic insertion sites and endonucleolytic cleavage of transforming DNA
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Data from: Assessing the alignment of sexual and natural selection using radio-mutagenized seed beetles
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
CRISPR-GEMM pooled mutagenic screening identifies KMT2D as a major modulator of immune checkpoint blockade (ATAC-Seq)
GEO Series GSE151226. Mus musculus. 12 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Genetic and phenotypic changes to Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus following treatment with β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine, an RNA mutagen
GEO Series GSE207136. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (strain TC-83). 1246 samples. Type: Other.
CRISPR-GEMM pooled mutagenic screening identifies KMT2D as a major modulator of immune checkpoint blockade
GEO Series GSE151227. Mus musculus. 18 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Two thymidylate synthase inhibitory drugs induce markedly different genomic uracil patterns, mutagenic processes and cellular response in HCT116 colon cancer cells [re-analysis of GSE126822]
GEO Series GSE285931. Homo sapiens. 0 samples. Type: Other.
APOBEC3-mediated mutagenic processes in DNA-repair-deficient HCT116 cells selectively induced by high-dose 5FdUR treatment.
GEO Series GSE285767. Homo sapiens. 5 samples. Type: Other.
CRISPR-GEMM pooled mutagenic screening identifies KMT2D as a major modulator of immune checkpoint blockade (RNA-Seq)
GEO Series GSE151225. Mus musculus. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
TET2 protects the genome from mutagenicity through interacting with MSH6
GEO Series GSE74390. Mus musculus. 6 samples. Type: Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing.
A mutagenic screen identifies a TonB-dependent receptor required for the lanthanide metal switch in the Type I methanotroph “Methylotuvimicrobium buryatense” 5GB1C
GEO Series GSE125909. Methylotuvimicrobium buryatense. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: Whole genome sequence accuracy is improved by replication in a population of mutagenized sorghum.
The accurate detection of induced mutations is critical for both forward and reverse genetics studies. Experimental chemical mutagenesis induces relatively few single base changes per individual. In a complex eukaryotic genome, false positive detection of mutations can occur at or above this mutagenesis rate. We demonstrate here, using a population of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) treated Sorghum bicolor BTx623 individuals, that using replication to detect false positive induced variants in next-generation sequencing data permits higher throughput variant detection with greater accuracy. We used a lower sequence coverage depth (average of 7X) from 586 independently mutagenized individuals and detected 5,399,493 homozygous SNPs. Of these, 76% originated from only 57,872 genomic positions prone to false positive variant calling. These positions are characterized by high copy number paralogs where the error-prone SNP positions are at copies containing a variant at the SNP position. The ability of short stretches of homology to generate these error prone positions suggests that incompletely assembled or poorly mapped repeated sequences are one driver of these error prone positions.. Removal of these false positives left 1,275,872 homozygous and 477,531 heterozygous EMS-induced SNPs which, congruent with the mutagenic mechanism of EMS, were greater than 98% G:C to A:T transitions. Through this analysis we generated a database of sequence indexed mutants of Sorghum. This collection contains 4,035 high impact homozygous mutations in 3,637 genes and 56,514 homozygous missense mutations in 23,227 genes. Each line contains, on average, 2,177 annotated homozygous SNPs per genome, including seven likely gene knockouts and 96 missense mutations. The number of mutations in a transcript was linearly correlated with the transcript length and also the G+C count, but not with the GC/AT ratio. Analysis of the detected mutagenized positions identified CG-rich patches, and flanking sequences strongly influenced EMS-induced mutation rates. Our method for detecting false-positive induced mutations is generally applicable to any organism, is independent of the choice of in silico variant-calling algorithm, and is most valuable when the true mutation rate is likely to be low, such as in laboratory induced mutations or somatic mutation detection in medicine.
Multi-omics analysis of mutagenized S. rimosus reveals synergistic changes that drive oxytetracycline production towards industrial efficiency and opens a new route to heterologous polyketides
GEO Series GSE232318. Streptomyces rimosus subsp. rimosus. 9 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: Whole genome sequence accuracy is improved by replication in a population of mutagenized sorghum.
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FAM72A promotes mutagenic repair during antibody maturation
GEO Series GSE183706. Mus musculus. 10 samples. Type: Other.
Bulk RNAseq NIEHS P30 CURES Pilot Environmental hormonal and mutagenic stress in fluorescent-ubiquitinated cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) mESC 2021
GEO Series GSE196827. Mus musculus. 36 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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