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5 results for “Mycosphaerella”
Data from: Recent range expansion and agricultural landscape heterogeneity have only minimal effect on the spatial genetic structure of the plant pathogenic fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis
Understanding how geographical and environmental features affect genetic variation at both the population and individual levels is crucial in biology, especially in the case of pathogens. However, distinguishing between these factors and the effects of historical range expansion on spatial genetic structure remains challenging. In the present study, we investigated the case of Mycosphaerella fijiensis-a plant pathogenic fungus that has recently colonized an agricultural landscape characterized by the presence of potential barriers to gene flow, including several commercial plantations in which disease control practises such as the use of fungicides are applied frequently, and low host density areas. We first genotyped 300 isolates sampled at a global scale on untreated plants in 2 dimensions over a 50x80 Km area. Using two different clustering algorithms, no genetic structure was detected in the studied area, suggesting expansion of large populations and/or no influ ence of potential barriers. Second, we investigated the potential effect of disease control practises on M. fijiensis diversity by comparing populations sampled in commercial vs. food-crop plantations. At this local scale, we detected significantly higher allelic richness inside commercial plantations compared to the surrounding food-crop plantation populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 99% of the total genetic variance occurred within populations. We discuss the suggestion that high population size and/or high migration rate between populations might be responsible for the absence of any effect of disease control practises on genetic diversity and differentiation.
FIGURE 3. Mycosphaerella gleicheniae, microscopic details. a–b. Sections through ascomata rupturing the upper epidermis. a in Mycosphaerellaceous fungi and new species of Venustosynnema and Zasmidium on ferns and fern allies in Taiwan
FIGURE 3. Mycosphaerella gleicheniae, microscopic details. a–b. Sections through ascomata rupturing the upper epidermis. a. Typical ascoma wall (R. Kirschner 3613). b. Ascoma being atypical by basal stroma-like cells probably surrounding a vascular bundle (R. Kirschner 3945). c, d. Fresh asci and ascospores (R. Kirschner 3613). e. Ascospores germinating after 1 day on malt extract agar (R. Kirschner 3613). Scale bars: a, b, e = 40 µm, c, d = 10 µm.
FIGURE 2. a–d. Mycosphaerella gleicheniae and Zasmidium dicranopteridis. a–c in Mycosphaerellaceous fungi and new species of Venustosynnema and Zasmidium on ferns and fern allies in Taiwan
FIGURE 2. a–d. Mycosphaerella gleicheniae and Zasmidium dicranopteridis. a–c. Mycosphaerella gleicheniae, habitus of fresh collections. a. Host with leaf spots (R. Kirschner 3981). b. Leaf spot with ascomata (R. Kirschner 3613). c. Transversal leaf section showing two ascomata with asci stained with cotton blue (R. Kirschner 3613). d. Cultures of M. gleicheniae (left, 44 days old) and Z. dicranopteridis (right, 53 days old) on malt extract agar in 9 cm Petri dishes (collection numbers on Petri dishes). Scale bars: b = 7 mm, c = 80 µm.
Data from: Recent range expansion and agricultural landscape heterogeneity have only minimal effect on the spatial genetic structure of the plant pathogenic fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis
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Data from: Contrasting introduction scenarios among continents in the worldwide invasion of the banana fungal pathogen Mycosphaerella fijiensis
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