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117 results for “Myodes”
Рис. 1. Δинамика чисΛенности меΛких мΛекопитающих в Цасучейском бору: 1 — суммарная чисΛенность (особей / 100 циΛинΑро-суток); Αоминирующие виΑы: 2 — забайкаΛьский хомячок, 3 — бурозубка тунΑряная, 4 — бурозубка крошечная, 5 — поΛёвка монгоΛьская, 6 — поΛёвка РаΑΑе, 7 — красная поΛёвка; A — остепнённый сосняк, B — первичная гарь, С — старая гарь, D — повторная гарь; стреΛка указывает время прохожΑения пожара. Ось X — гг., ось Y — чисΛенность Fig. 1. Population dynamics of small mammals in the Tsasucheysky Pine Forest: 1 — total abundance (individuals / 100 cylinder-days); dominant species: 2 — Cricetulus pseudogriseus, 3 — Sorex tundrensis, 4 — S. minutissimus, 5 — Alexandromys mongolicus, 6 — Lasiopodomys raddei, 7 — Myodes rutilus; A — steppe pine forest, B — primary burns site, С — old burns site; D — repeated burns site; the arrow indicates the time of the fire. The X-axis shows years; the Y-axis shows population density in Population dynamics of small mammals after spring fires in steppe pine forest
Рис. 1. Δинамика чисΛенности меΛких мΛекопитающих в Цасучейском бору: 1 — суммарная чисΛенность (особей / 100 циΛинΑро-суток); Αоминирующие виΑы: 2 — забайкаΛьский хомячок, 3 — бурозубка тунΑряная, 4 — бурозубка крошечная, 5 — поΛёвка монгоΛьская, 6 — поΛёвка РаΑΑе, 7 — красная поΛёвка; A — остепнённый сосняк, B — первичная гарь, С — старая гарь, D — повторная гарь; стреΛка указывает время прохожΑения пожара. Ось X — гг., ось Y — чисΛенность Fig. 1. Population dynamics of small mammals in the Tsasucheysky Pine Forest: 1 — total abundance (individuals / 100 cylinder-days); dominant species: 2 — Cricetulus pseudogriseus, 3 — Sorex tundrensis, 4 — S. minutissimus, 5 — Alexandromys mongolicus, 6 — Lasiopodomys raddei, 7 — Myodes rutilus; A — steppe pine forest, B — primary burns site, С — old burns site; D — repeated burns site; the arrow indicates the time of the fire. The X-axis shows years; the Y-axis shows population density
Fig. 3 in Peroral Echinococcus multilocularis egg inoculation in Myodes glareolus, Mesocricetus auratus and Mus musculus (CD-1 IGS and C57BL/6j)
Fig. 3. Number of metacestodes of varying sizes in individual species at 6 wpi (M. glareolus at 8 wpi) after receiving 100 viable E. multilocularis eggs. A <1 mm, B 1 - Ý2 mm, C> 2 - Ý3 mm, D> 3 - Ý4 mm, E 4 - Ý5 mm, F> 5 mm. Data from current study and (Woolsey et al., 2015a; Woolsey et al., 2015b).
Fig. 2 in Peroral Echinococcus multilocularis egg inoculation in Myodes glareolus, Mesocricetus auratus and Mus musculus (CD-1 IGS and C57BL/6j)
Fig. 2. Mean establishment of E. multilocularis oncospheres in the different rodent intermediate hosts after receiving 100 viable eggs at 6 wpi (M. glareolus at 8 wpi). Data from current study and (Woolsey et al., 2015a; Woolsey et al., 2015b).
Fig. 1 in Reduced helminth parasitism in the introduced bank vole (Myodes glareolus): More parasites lost than gained
Fig. 1. Frequency distribution of intestinal helminth species richness in wood mice and bank voles examined in 2011 and 2012.
Fig. 2 in Parasites in Myodes glareolus and their association with diet assessed by stable isotope analysis
Fig. 2. The relationship between parasite intensity and δ 15N values for the mite Listrophorus brevipes in September (S1) and October (S2) samples of Myodes glareolus. Note the log-scale for parasite abundance.
Fig. 3 in Parasites in Myodes glareolus and their association with diet assessed by stable isotope analysis
Fig. 3. The average Pearsons Correlation Coefficient (error bars: SE) between abundance and δ 13C and δ 15N for the two parasite groups: ecto and endoparasite for females (left) and males (right). The data includes 13 parasites occurring on 5 or more individuals and indicate consistent correlations for endoparasites and δ 15 N, while this is not the case for δ 13C.
Fig. 1 in Parasites in Myodes glareolus and their association with diet assessed by stable isotope analysis
Fig. 1. The relationship between δ 13C and δ 15N values for the 21 Myodes glareolus sampled from Kongelunden Denmark in September (S1) and October (S2). The rodents present great variation in isotope values.
Data from: Parentage of 920 gray-sided voles (Myodes rufocanus) born in a 3-ha outdoor enclosure between September 1992 and May 1994
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>This dataset provides the estimated birth location, sex, assigned parents, and estimated birth and death dates of 920 gray-sided voles (<em>Myodes rufocanus</em>) born in a 3-ha outdoor enclosure in Sapporo, Japan between September 1992 and May 1994, as well as capture–recapture data for 30 trapping sessions.</span><span> We introduced 22 males and 25 females from several natural populations into the enclosure in late September 1992. Individuals in the enclosure were captured using live traps every two weeks until late April 1994, except for periods with deep snow cover. The location, body weight, and reproductive status of each vole were monitored throughout the study period. Complementary trapping was performed within the home ranges of breeding females to mark juveniles as early as possible. Upon first capture, each individual was marked by toe clipping for subsequent identification, and the cut toes were used as DNA samples. For each individual, candidate parents were selected based on female reproduction history and capture points, and then parentage was determined using genotypes at 3–5 microsatellite loci with the CERVUS program. The results show that individuals born in the enclosure (<em>N</em> = 920) were derived from 215 litters, among which multiple males sired 51 litters. We used this database to elucidate the promiscuous mating system and inbreeding-avoidance mechanism of the gray-sided vole and to develop a ne</span><span>w method for estimating the frequency of multiple-male mating. This dataset will contribute to future behavioral ecological research on this and other small mammal species.</span></p>
Role of individual dispersal in genetic resilience in fluctuating populations of the gray-sided vole Myodes rufocanus
<p class="a">Population densities of the grey-sided vole <i>Myodes rufocanus</i> fluctuate greatly within and across years in Japan. Here, to investigate the role of individual dispersal in maintaining population genetic diversity, we examined how genetic diversity varied during fluctuations in density by analyzing eight microsatellite loci in voles sampled three times per year for 5 years, using two fixed trapping grids (approximately 0.5 ha each). At each trapping session, all captured voles at each trapping grid were removed. The STRUCTURE program was used to analyze serially collected samples to examine how population crashes were related to temporal variability, based on local-scale genetic compositions in each population. In total, 461 and 527 voles were captured at each trapping grid during this study. The number of voles captured during each trapping session (i.e., vole density) varied considerably at both grids. Although patterns in fluctuations were not synchronized between grids, the peak densities were similar. At both grids, the mean allele number recorded at each trapping session was strongl<span>y</span><span><span>, positively,</span></span><span> a</span>nd non-linearly correlated with density. STRUCTURE analyses revealed that the proportions of cluster compositions among individuals at each grid differed markedly before and after the crash phase, implying the long-distance dispersal of voles from remote areas at periods of low density. The present results suggest that, in grey-sided vole populations, genetic diversity varies with density largely at the local scale; in contrast, genetic variation in a metapopulation is well-preserved at the regional scale due to the density-dependent dispersal behaviors of individuals. By influencing the dispersal patterns of individuals, fluctuations in density affect metapopulation structure spatially and temporally, while the levels of genetic diversity are preserved in a metapopulation.</p>
Borrelia infection in bank voles Myodes glareolus is associated with specific DQB haplotypes which affect allelic divergence within individuals
<p>The high polymorphism of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes is generally considered to be a result of pathogen-mediated balancing selection. Such selection may operate in the form of heterozygote advantage, and/or through specific MHC allele–pathogen interactions. Specific MHC allele–pathogen interactions may promote polymorphism via negative frequency-dependent selection (NFDS), or selection that varies in time and/or space because of variability in the composition of the pathogen community (fluctuating selection; FS). In addition, divergent allele advantage (DAA) may act on top of these forms of balancing selection, explaining the high sequence divergence between MHC alleles. DAA has primarily been thought of as an extension of heterozygote advantage. However, DAA could also work in concert with NFDS though this is yet to be tested explicitly. To evaluate the importance of DAA in pathogen-mediated balancing selection, we surveyed allelic polymorphism of MHC class II DQB genes in wild bank voles (<i>Myodes glareolus</i>) and tested for associations between DQB haplotypes and infection by <i>Borrelia afzelii</i>, a tick-transmitted bacterium causing Lyme disease in humans. We found two significant associations between DQB haplotypes and infection status: one haplotype was associated with lower risk of infection (resistance), while another was associated with higher risk of infection (susceptibility). Interestingly, allelic divergence within individuals was higher for voles with the resistance haplotype compared to other voles. In contrast, allelic divergence was lower for voles with the susceptibility haplotype than other voles. The pattern of higher allelic divergence in individuals with the resistance haplotype is consistent with NFDS favouring divergent alleles in a natural population, hence selection where DAA works in concert with NFDS. </p>
Preservation of genetic diversity in a highly fragmented population of the gray-sided vole Myodes rufocanus in an intensive farming region
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Individual dispersal plays an important role in preserving genetic diversity in density-fluctuating populations of arvicoline rodents. When habitats are fragmented and dispersal between habitats is severely constrained, genetic diversity can be lost. Here, I investigated whether genetic diversity in the gray-sided vole <em>Myodes rufocanus </em>was preserved in an intensive farming region in Japan, where voles inhabited isolated windbreak forests along the borders of plowed lands. Genetic structure was examined in 673 vole samples (330 in spring and 343 in fall) collected at 34 windbreak forests located 0.35–20 km apart. A part of the control region (425 bp) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced in 673 voles, yielding 76 haplotypes. Genetic differentiation of maternally inherited mtDNA among trapping sites was markedly lower in males than in females in both seasons, indicating strong male-biased dispersal. Genotypes at six microsatellite DNA loci were determined in 494 voles (245 in spring and 249 in fall) from 18 trapping sites, and loci harbored 16–24 alleles. The mean number of alleles per locus (allelic diversity) at trapping sites was positively correlated with the number of examined individuals (density) in both seasons, and the relationship was very similar to that of a previous study performed in much less fragmented populations. Genetic differentiation of microsatellite DNA among trapping sites decreased considerably from spring to fall. In a STRUCTURE analysis with a most probable cluster number of two, closer trapping sites showed more similar mean values of cluster admixture proportions. The present findings indicate that gene flow among isolated windbreak forests, which occurred mainly by dispersal of males, was not restrained in this intensive farming region. Furthermore, the results suggest that genetic diversity in the study population was preserved as well as in less fragmented populations.</span></p>
Data from: Parentage of 920 gray-sided voles (Myodes rufocanus) born in a 3-ha outdoor enclosure between September 1992 and May 1994
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Preservation of genetic diversity in a highly fragmented population of the gray-sided vole Myodes rufocanus in an intensive farming region
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Role of individual dispersal in genetic resilience in fluctuating populations of the gray-sided vole Myodes rufocanus
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Borrelia infection in bank voles Myodes glareolus is associated with specific DQB haplotypes which affect allelic divergence within individuals
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Data from: Oxidative damage and antioxidant defence are assay and tissue dependent both in captive and in wild-caught bank voles (Myodes glareolus) before and after reproduction
1. Reproduction is costly and life-history theory predicts that current parental investment will result in lower survival or decreased future reproduction. The physiological mechanisms mediating the link between reproduction and survival are still under debate and elevated oxidative damage during reproduction has been proposed as a plausible candidate. 2. Previous studies of oxidative stress during reproduction in animals under natural conditions have been restricted to analyses of blood. Herein, we measured the level of oxidative damage to lipids (thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances) and proteins (carbonyls) in the liver, kidneys, heart and skeletal muscles in free-living bank vole females from spring and autumn generations, before and after reproduction. Antioxidant defence in the liver and kidneys was also determined. We expected oxidative damage to tissues and hypothesized that the damage would be more uniform between tissues in wild animals compared to those breeding under laboratory conditions. 3. Considering all combinations of markers/tissues/generations, oxidative damage in females did not differ before and after reproduction in 12 comparisons, was lower after reproduction in 3 comparisons, and was higher after breeding in one comparison. The total glutathione was significantly increased after reproduction only in the liver of the autumn generation and there was no change in catalase activity. 4. Our results confirm – for the first time in the field – previous observations from laboratory studies that there is no simple link between oxidative stress and reproduction and that patterns depend on the tissue and marker being studied. Overall however, our study does not support the hypothesis that the cost of reproduction in bank voles is mediated by oxidative stress in these tissues.
Data from: Spatiotemporal dynamics of Puumala hantavirus associated with its rodent host, Myodes glareolus
Many viruses significantly impact human and animal health. Understanding the population dynamics of these viruses and their hosts can provide important insights for epidemiology and virus evolution. Puumala virus (PUUV) is a European hantavirus that may cause regional outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. Here, we analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of PUUV circulating in local populations of its rodent reservoir host, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) during eight years. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of all three genome segments of PUUV showed strong geographical structuring at a very local scale. There was a high temporal turnover of virus strains in the local bank vole populations, but several virus strains persisted through multiple years. Phylodynamic analyses showed no significant changes in the local effective population sizes of PUUV, although vole numbers and virus prevalence fluctuated widely. Microsatellite data demonstrated also a temporally persisting subdivision between local vole populations, but these groups did not correspond to the subdivision in the virus strains. We conclude that restricted transmission between vole populations and genetic drift play important roles in shaping the genetic structure and temporal dynamics of PUUV in its natural host which has several implications for zoonotic risks of the human population.
Expansion of rDNA and pericentromere satellite repeats in the genomes of bank voles Myodes glareolus exposed to environmental radionuclides
<p>Altered copy number of certain highly repetitive regions of the genome, such as satellite DNA within heterochromatin and ribosomal RNA loci (rDNA), is hypothesized to help safeguard the genome against damage derived from external stressors. We quantified copy number of the 18S rDNA and a pericentromeric satellite DNA (Msat-160) in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) inhabiting the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ), an area that is contaminated by radionuclides and where organisms are exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation. We found a significant increase in 18S rDNA and Msat-160 content in the genomes of bank voles from contaminated locations within the CEZ compared with animals from uncontaminated locations. Moreover, 18S rDNA and Msat-160 copy number were positively correlated in the genomes of bank voles from uncontaminated, but not in the genomes of animals inhabiting contaminated areas. These results show the capacity for local-scale geographic variation in genome architecture and are consistent with the genomic safeguard hypothesis. Disruption of cellular processes related to genomic stability appears to be a hallmark effect in bank voles inhabiting areas contaminated by radionuclides. --</p>
FIGURE 7 in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Craseomys and three controversial species of Myodes and Alticola (Rodentia: Arvicolinae)
FIGURE 7. Dendrogram of the clustering analysis based on the combined score matrix of the five photographed views.
FIGURE 2 in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Craseomys and three controversial species of Myodes and Alticola (Rodentia: Arvicolinae)
FIGURE 2. Photographs, landmark (black circle) and semi-landmark (white circle) configuration sets for the dorsal (a), ventral (b), and lateral (c) views of the cranium, the lateral view (d) of the mandible, and the occlusal plane (e) of the upper molar tooth row.
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