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724 results for “NPP”
Raw neutron counts from a soil water content hydroprobe at 15 NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-2019
This data package contains raw neutron count data for monthly soil water probe measurements made at 15 net primary production (NPP) study locations on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Once a month, soil water content measurements are made at 10 depths (where possible) at each of 10 access tubes at each of the 15 NPP sites using a neutron probe (CPN Model 503DR Hydroprobe). This dataset consists of the count of thermalized neutrons at 30 cm depth intervals to a maximum depth of 300 cm. These counts are subsequently converted to volumetric water content as provided in a separate EDI package (knb-lter-jrn.210013003). The NPP sites these measurements are made at represent the 5 dominant vegetation types of the Jornada Basin, which consist of 3 shrub (creosotebush, mesquite dune, and tarbush) and 2 grass (upland grassland and playa) types. Three NPP sites are located in each of the types. Collection of this dataset was discontinued when the neutron probe instrument was replaced in mid-2019. Neutron probe soil water content data are still collected from the same NPP locations using a new instrument, and the raw neutron counts and corrected VWC data are found in EDI dataset knb-lter-jrn.210013003. This dataset is complete.
Seasonal non-destructive vegetation measurements at 15 net primary production (NPP) study sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-ongoing
This data package contains non-destructive quadrat measurements collected for the long-term Net Primary Production (NPP) study at the Jornada Basin LTER. Data here include measurements of horizontal cover and vertical height of plants observed at permanent NPP quadrats at 15 study sites. Sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. All sites are excluded from domestic grazing. Eleven sites are in non-grazed pastures, and at the other four sites 1 hectare areas around the observational plots were fenced in 1988. At all sites a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when sampling began in 1989. Grids consist of 49 quadrats arranged in a square 7 x 7 pattern, with quadrats 10 m apart (P-COLL has 48 quadrats in a 3 x 16 pattern). Standing vegetation in quadrats is sampled three times a year: in winter (February - March), before shrubs begin spring growth; in spring (May), when shrubs and spring annuals have reached peak biomass; in fall (late summer; October), when summer annuals have reached peak biomass but before killing frosts. Additional observations of plant count and phenological stage are also made. This dataset is subsequently used to determine quadrat biomass and net primary production. Details and linked data packages are described in the methods element. This is an ongoing dataset with new quadrat measurements collected in the spring, fall and winter of each year. Attention: 1) For most species, these data are not appropriate for estimates of percentage cover because of the way the data are collected. See Note 1 in the methods element for further details.
Soil volumetric water content calculated from neutron hydroprobe data at 15 NPP study locations at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1989-ongoing
This data package contains soil water content data calculated from monthly neutron hydroprobe count measurements made at 15 net primary production (NPP) study locations on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Once a month, neutron probe measurements are made at 10 depths (where possible) at each of 10 access tubes at each of the 15 NPP sites using a neutron probe (CPN Model 503DR Hydroprobe and CPN Model 503 Elite Hydroprobe). The raw dataset, also on EDI (knb-lter-jrn.210013001), consists of the count of thermalized neutrons at 30 cm depth intervals to a maximum depth of 300 cm. In this data package, the raw neutron counts have been adjusted for radioactive decay of the neutron source, then converted to volumetric water content (VWC) to a maximum depth of 270 cm using calibration equations (deepest probe depths are excluded from VWC calculations). The NPP sites these measurements are made at represent the 5 dominant vegetation types of the Jornada Basin, which consist of 3 shrub (creosotebush, mesquite dune, and tarbush) and 2 grass (upland grassland and playa) types. Three NPP sites are located in each of the types. This data collection is ongoing with new data collected monthly (updates to the EDI package may occur less frequently). NOTE: This version of the dataset includes calibrated data from a new hydroprobe unit that has recently been put into service. Repair parts were no longer available for the older unit.
Seasonal aboveground plant biomass estimates at 15 net primary production (NPP) study sites at Jornada Basin LTER from 1989-ongoing
This data package contains aboveground vegetation cover, volume, and calculated biomass values at the 15 Net Primary Production (NPP) study sites on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. All sites are excluded from domestic grazing. Eleven sites are in non-grazed pastures, and at the other four sites 1 hectare areas around the observational plots were fenced in 1988. At all sites a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when sampling began in 1989. For each quadrat, aboveground biomass has been calculated from two data sources: 1) non-destructive horizontal cover and vertical height measurements of individual plants, or plant parts, within each quadrat, and 2) linear regression coefficients for each plant species derived from off-quadrat cover, height, and harvested biomass measurements. Non-destructive measurements (1) are taken during winter, spring, and fall measurement campaigns, then aggregated by species for each quadrat, and resulting dimensions are used to calculate species biomass (grams) by quadrat and season using using the species-specific regression coefficients derived from dataset 2. This is the most detailed biomass dataset available and can be used to derive values of net primary production between seasons or annually. Each dataset record contains calculated biomass (and related variables) by species, quadrat, season, and site. Data collection is ongoing with new observations in spring, fall, and winter of each year, but this data package may be updated less frequently. Attenti
Annual mean estimates of aboveground net primary production (NPP) at 15 sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-ongoing
This package contains values of mean annual aboveground net primary production (NPP, in grams per square meter per year) at 15 NPP study sites on Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands. Sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. All sites are excluded from domestic grazing. Eleven sites are in non-grazed pastures, and at the other four sites 1 hectare areas around the observational plots were fenced in 1988. At all sites a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when sampling began in 1989. In fall, winter, and spring periods aboveground biomass was calculated for each species and quadrat at each NPP site. These calculations rely on two data sources: 1) non-destructive horizontal cover and vertical height measurements of individual plants, or plant parts, within each quadrat, and 2) linear regression coefficients for each plant species derived from off-quadrat cover, height, and harvested biomass measurements. NPP is then calculated as the positive biomass increment between seasons. The annual totals in this dataset are derived by summing mean site NPP values for winter (October - February), spring (February - May), and fall (May - October) increments for a single calendar year. Data collection is ongoing with new annual NPP values calculated after the conclusion of each growing season. Attention: 1) Calculated values in this data package have changed over time as the methodology for estimating biomass has changed. If you are updating or adding to an earlier analysis of these data we recommend consulting with the dataset authors or a Jorna
Seasonal reference harvest measurements of vegetation at 15 net primary production (NPP) study sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 1989-ongoing
This data package contains reference harvest measurements for the long-term Net Primary Production (NPP) study at the Jornada Basin LTER. Data here include horizontal cover, vertical height, and aboveground biomass of plants harvested near, but outside, a grid of permanent NPP quadrats at each of 15 NPP sites. These sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. All sites are excluded from domestic grazing. Eleven sites are in non-grazed pastures, and at the other four sites 1 hectare areas around the observational plots were fenced in 1988. At all sites a grid of 49 (48 at one playa location) 1m x 1m replicate quadrats was laid out when sampling began in 1989. Harvests are made outside the quadrat grid, but inside the fence. Height and cover are recorded in the field. Live biomass is weighed in the lab and all measurements are recorded as reference harvest data. Subsequently, regressions between the harvested biomass and plant volume values are used to derive allometric equations that determine biomass from non-destructive volume measurements in the permanent NPP quadrats. Further details are described in the methods metadata. This is an ongoing study with new harvest data (from selected species) collected in the spring, fall, and winter each year. Attention: These data are not appropriate for estimates of percentage cover because of the way the data are collected.
Aggregated 30-minute soil water and temperature data from 9 NPP shrub sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 2013 - 2024 (for Pinos et al 2025 manuscript)
This is an aggregated dataset of 30-minute soil temperature and moisture data from 9 shrub-dominated NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. Collection of soil volumetric water content data at all of the 15 Jornada LTER NPP sites, New Mexico, supports the environmental monitoring objectives of the Jornada LTER monitoring program that look at plant-soil water dynamics. Volumetric water content and soil temperature are measured every 30 minutes at an automated meteorological station installed at all 15 of the Jornada LTER program’s NPP sites. This dataset aggregates only the stations located at the 9 sites with shrub-dominated vegetation cover (creosotebush, tarbush, and mesquite dune sites). Measurements are made every 30 minutes at 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm soil depths. This dataset is in support of the Pinos et al. 2025 manuscript.
Aggregated 30-minute meteorology data from 9 NPP shrub sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 2013 - 2024 (for Pinos et al 2025 manuscript)
This is an aggregated dataset of 30-minute summary meteorology data from 9 shrub-dominated NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. Average air temperature, relative humidity, total precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, and solar radiation are measured and calculated based on 1-second scan rate of all sensors located at an automated meteorological station installed at all 15 of the Jornada LTER program’s NPP sites. This dataset aggregates only the stations located at the 9 sites with shrub-dominated vegetation cover (creosote, tarbush, and mesquite sites). Wind speed is measured at 75 cm, 150 cm, and 300 cm, wind direction at approximately 3m, and air temperature and relative humidity at approximate 2.5m. Solar radiation is measured at 3m. This dataset is in support of the Pinos et al. 2025 manuscript.
SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Taxon-specific seasonal net primary production (NPP) for macroalgae
This dataset provides estimates of seasonal net primary production (NPP) for all taxa of macroalgae sampled in fixed plots of the SBC LTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring sites. The five reefs (Arroyo Quemada 34°28.048’N, 120°07.031’W; Carpinteria 34°23.474’N, 119°32.510’W; Isla Vista 34°23.275’N, 119°32.792’W; Mohawk 34°23.649’N, 119°43.762’W; and Naples 34° 25.342’N, 119° 57.102’W) ranged in depth from 5.8 m to 8.9 m (MLLW) and were chosen to represent a range of physical and biological characteristics known to influence subtidal macroalgal assemblages in the region. NPP of understory taxa was calculated using field measurements of irradiance and biomass (derived from abundance) and laboratory estimates of taxon-specific photosynthetic parameters. NPP for the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, was calculated using linear relationships between frond density in a given season and average NPP for that season.
SBC LTER: Reef: Long-term experiment: Taxon-specific seasonal net primary production (NPP) for macroalgae
This dataset provides estimates of seasonal net primary production (NPP) for all taxa of macroalgae sampled in fixed plots of the SBC LTER's long-term kelp removal experiment sites. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at 4 sites; a fifth site as added in 2011. Data collection is ongoing. NPP of understory taxa was calculated using field measurements of irradiance and biomass (derived from abundance) and laboratory estimates of taxon-specific photosynthetic parameters. NPP for the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, was calculated using linear relationships between frond density in a given season and average NPP for that season.
Derived SPEI and vapor pressure deficit for 15 NPP study sites on the Jornada Basin, 2013-ongoing
Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and minimum, maximum, and average vapor pressure deficit (VPD) were calculated from meteorological data (temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity) from the 15 net primary production (NPP) study locations on the Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) lands in southern New Mexico, U.S.A.
Lizard pitfall trap data from 11 NPP study locations at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1989-2006
This data package contains data on lizards sampled by pitfall traps located at 11 consumer plots at Jornada Basin LTER site from 1989-2006. The objective of this study is to observe how shifts in vegetation resulting from desertification processes in the Chihuahaun desert have changed the spatial and temporal availability of resources for consumers. Desertification changes in the Jornada Basin include changes from grass to shrub dominated communities and major soil changes. If grassland systems respond to rainfall without significant lags, but shrub systems do not, then consumer species should reflect these differences. In addition, shifts from grassland to shrubland results in greater structural heterogeneity of the habitats. We hypothesized that consumer populations, diversity, and densities of some consumers will be higher in grasslands than in shrublands and will be related to the NPP of the sites. Lizards were captured in pitfall traps at the 11 LTER II/III consumer plots (a subset of NPP plots) quarterly for 2 weeks per quarter. Variables measured include species, sex, recapture status, snout-vent length, total length, weight, and whether tail is broken or whole. This study is complete.
Soil chemistry and nutrient distribution in long-term NPP plots at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1989
This dataset contains soil nutrient and chemistry data from soils collected in 1989 at the 15 long-term NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site. The study sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. In 1989, replicate soil samples were collected at multiple depths from buffer zones surrounding the long-term vegetation monitoring plots. Nutrient and chemical analyses were subsequently performed on these soils, and the data here include inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, pH, cation concentration, percent organic carbon, and other variables. This dataset is complete.
Soil chemistry and nutrient distribution in long-term NPP plots at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1991
This dataset contains soil nutrient and chemistry data from soils collected in 1991 at the 15 long-term NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site. The study sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. In fall of 1991, replicate soil samples were collected at multiple spatial grid designs in the biomass plots of the long-term vegetation monitoring plots. Nutrient and chemical analyses were subsequently performed on these soils, and the data here include total nitrogen, pH, gravimetric water content, and other variables. This dataset is complete.
Size-fractionated net primary productivity (NPP) estimates based on 13C uptake during cruises along the Northeast U.S. Shelf Long Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) Transect, ongoing since 2019
This dataset consists of primary production measurements based on uptake of carbon-13 added as 13C-bicarbonate during 24-h deckboard incubations of seawater. Sampling occurred on cruises along the Northeast U.S. Shelf Long Term Ecological Research (NES-LTER) Transect during summer, fall, and winter, starting in summer 2019. Net primary production (NPP) was determined from particulate organic carbon (POC) content and associated stable isotope enrichment. Three data tables are included: 1. Depth-specific primary productivity based on fractional light levels of the surface irradiance with reference to the profile of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). 2. Integrated primary productivity. 3. Natural abundance POC. The tables derive from the raw data included as other entities.
Core Research Site Web Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP Data for the Net Primary Production Study at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
This long-term study at the Sevilleta LTER measures net primary production (NPP) across four distinct ecosystems: creosote-dominant shrubland (Site C, est. winter 1999), black grama-dominant grassland (Site G, est. winter 1999), blue grama-dominant grassland (Site B, est. winter 2002), and pinon-juniper woodland (Site P, est. winter 2003), which is now in its own dataset, SEV278 (Pinon-Juniper (Core Site) Quadrat Data). Net primary production is a fundamental ecological variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of NPP are important in understanding energy flow at a community level as well as spatial and temporal responses to a range of ecological processes. While measures of both below- and above-ground biomass are important in estimating total NPP, this study focuses on above-ground net primary production (ANPP). Above-ground net primary production is the change in plant biomass, including loss to death and decomposition, over a given period of time. Volumetric measurements are made using vegetation data from permanent plots collected in SEV129, "Core Research Site Web Quadrat Data" and regressions correlating biomass and volume constructed using seasonal harvest weights from SEV157, "Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Weight Data."
Burn Study Sites Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP Data for the Net Primary Production Study at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
In 2003, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducted a prescribed burn over a large part of the northeastern corner of the Sevilleta NWR. This study was designed to look at the effect of fire on above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) within different vegetation types. Net primary production (NPP) is a fundamental ecological variable that measures rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of NPP are important in understanding energy flow at a community level as well as spatial and temporal responses to a range of ecological processes. While measures of both below- and above-ground biomass are important in estimating total NPP, this study focuses on above-ground net primary production (ANPP). Above-ground net primary production (ANPP) is equal to the change in plant mass, including loss to death and decomposition, over a given period of time. To measure this change, ANPP is sampled twice a year (spring and fall) for all species in each of three vegetation types. In addition, volumetric measurements are obtained from adjacent areas to build regressions correlating biomass and volume. Three vegetation types were chosen for this study: mixed grass (MG), mixed shrub (MS) and black grama (G). Forty permanent 1m x 1m plots were installed in both burned and unburned sections of each habitat type. The core black grama site included in SEV129 was incorporated into this dataset as an unburned control, so an additional unburned G site was not created. The data for this site is noted as site=G and treatment=C (i.e., control). The original mixed-grass unburned plot caught fire unexpectedly in the fall of 2009 and was subsequently moved to the south. Volumetric measurements are made using vegetation data from permanent plots collected in SEV156, "Burn Study Sites Quadrat Data for the Net Primary Production Study" and regressions correlating biomass and volume constructed using seasonal harvest weights from SEV157, "Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Weight Data."
Nitrogen Fertilization Experiment (NFert): Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP Data at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
Begun in spring 2004, this long-term study at the Sevilleta LTER examines how fertilization affects above-ground biomass production (ANPP) in a mixed desert-grassland. Net primary production is a fundamental ecological variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of NPP are important in understanding energy flow at a community level as well as spatial and temporal responses to a range of ecological processes. While measures of both below- and above-ground biomass are important in estimating total NPP, this study focuses on above-ground net primary production (ANPP). Above-ground net primary production is the change in plant biomass, including loss to death and decomposition, over a given period of time. Volumetric measurements are made using vegetation data from permanent plots (SEV155, "Nitrogen Fertilization Experiment (NFert): Net Primary Production Quadrat Data") and regressions correlating species biomass and volume constructed using seasonal harvest weights from SEV157, "Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Weight Data." This site was burned by a prescribed fire in 2003.
Warming-El Nino-Nitrogen Deposition Experiment (WENNDEx): Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
Begun in winter 2006, this long-term study at the Sevilleta LTER examines how heightened winter precipitation, N addition, and warmer nighttime temperatures affect above-ground biomass production (ANPP) in a mixed desert-grassland. Net primary production is a fundamental ecological variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of NPP are important in understanding energy flow at a community level as well as spatial and temporal responses to a range of ecological processes. While measures of both below- and above-ground biomass are important in estimating total NPP, this study focuses on above-ground net primary production (ANPP). Above-ground net primary production is the change in plant biomass, including loss to death and decomposition, over a given period of time. Volumetric measurements are made using vegetation data from permanent plots (SEV176, "Warming-El Nino-Nitrogen Deposition Experiment (WENNDEx): Net Primary Production Quadrat Data") and regressions correlating species biomass and volume constructed using seasonal harvest weights from SEV157, "Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Weight Data."
Monsoon Rainfall Manipulation Experiment (MRME): Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP Data at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
Begun in fall 2006, this long-term study at the Sevilleta LTER examines changes in net primary production (NPP) caused by increased precipitation variability within a semiarid grassland. Net primary production is a fundamental ecological variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of NPP are important in understanding energy flow at a community level as well as spatial and temporal responses to a range of ecological processes. While measures of both below- and above-ground biomass are important in estimating total NPP, this study focuses on above-ground net primary production (ANPP). Above-ground net primary production is the change in plant biomass, including loss to death and decomposition, over a given period of time. Volumetric measurements are made using vegetation data from permanent plots (SEV188, "Monsoon Rainfall Manipulation Experiment (MRME): Net Primary Production Quadrat Data") and regressions correlating species biomass and volume constructed using seasonal harvest weights from SEV157, "Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Weight Data."
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