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Figure 10 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 10. Holotype shell ornamentation details of the penultimate whorl (A, B, D, E) and that of the body whorl columellar zone, near the peristome (C). (A) N. bajamarensis sp. nov.; (B–C) N. tafadaensis sp. nov.; (D) N. ornamentatus sp. nov.; (E) N. teobaldoi sp. nov.; (F) shell ornamentation detail of the penultimate whorl of N. badiosus, from Barranco de Valle Seco (Tenerife); pt, peristome.

Figure 6 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 6. Scatter plots of some shell measurements for the new species and the nearest species of their respective conchological group. AH, aperture height; AS, aperture surface (plane view); FH, first whorls height; FP, first whorls perimeter; FS, first whorls surface (plane view); SB, shell breadth; SH, shell height.

Figure 9. N in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 9. N. bajamarensis sp. nov., paratypes from Barranco de Vargas, Bajamar. (A) Genital system; (B) inner anatomy of distal epiphallus and proximal penis, showing the penial papilla. A1–A5, parts of the penial appendix; ag, albumen gland; bc, bursa copulatrix; bd, bursa copulatrix duct; d, diverticulum; dp, distal penis; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallar caecum; f, flagellum; go, genital orifice; o, free oviduct; p pa, penial papilla; pp, proximal penis; pr, penis retractor; r, retractor muscles; t, body tegument; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens.

Figure 3 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 3. Napaeus shell drawings. (A) N. consecoanus; (B) N. bertheloti; (C) N. subsimplex; (D) N. savinosa (syntype, NHM 1895.2.2.223); (E) N. inflatiusculus; (F) N. severus; (G) N. baeticatus; (H) N. baeticatus morphotype subbeticatus; (J) N. baeticatus morphotype halmyris; (K) N. interpunctatus; (L) N. servus; (M) N. tabidus; (N) N. tafadaensis sp. nov. (holotype, TFMC MT 0398); (O) N. tafadaensis sp. nov. morphotype "irregular" (N. tafadaensis paratype, AIT); (P) N. badiosus.

Figure 5 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 5. Napaeus shell drawings. (A) N. maffioteanus; (B) N. chrysaloides; (C) N. indifferens; (D) N. huttereri (holotype, AIT); (E) N. elegans (holotype, AIT); (F) N. esbeltus (holotype, AIT); (G) N. exilis (holotype, AIT); (H) N. subgracilior; (J) N. osoriensis; (K) N. palmaensis (syntype, NHM 1895.2.2.219); (L) N. myosotis; (M) N. lichenicola (holotype, TFMC MT 389); (N) N. gruereanus; (O) N. barquini (holotype, TFMC MT 0383); (P) N. roccellicola; (Q) N. beguirae (holotype, AIT); (R) N. nanodes; (S) N. doliolum (paratype, AIT); (T) N. bechi (holotype, AIT); (U) N. texturatus; (V) N. taguluchensis (holotype, AIT); (X) N. tagamichensis (paratype, AIT); (Y) N. pygmaeus (holotype, AIT).

Figure 2 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 2. Drawings of the N. bajamarensis sp. nov. holotype shell, showing the placement of the measurements obtained. AB, aperture breadth; AH, aperture height; AP, aperture perimeter; AS, aperture surface (plane view); BH, body whorl height (at columella level); BP, body whorl perimeter; BS, body whorl surface (plane view); FB, first whorls breadth; FH, first whorls height; FP, first whorls perimeter; FS, first whorls surface (plane view); PB, penultimate whorl breadth; PH, penultimate whorl height; PP, penultimate whorl perimeter; PS, penultimate whorl surface (plane view); SB, shell breadth; SH, shell height; SP, shell perimeter; SS, shell surface (plane view).

Figure 1 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 1. (A) Geographical location of the Azores, Madeira and the Canaries; arrows indicate possible colonization patterns used by land snails; position of sea mounts comes from Van den Broeck et al. 2008; (B) geographical distribution of the Napaeus species; symbols represent 1 × 1 km Universal Transverse Mercator squares; arrow points to the Pleistocene deposit from Mancha de La Laja-Bajamar, where the oldest Napaeus species (N. lajaensis) has been collected (Castillo et al., 2006).

Figure 8 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 8. Radula of N. bajamarensis sp. nov. (A) Central tooth and first lateral teeth; (B) lateral teeth; (C) outermost lateral teeth and first marginal teeth; (D) outermost marginal teeth.

Figure 7 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 7. Holotype shells (A–D) and a specimen (E). (A) N. bajamarensis sp. nov.; (B) N. tafadaensis sp. nov.; (C) N. ornamentatus sp. nov.; (D) N. teobaldoi sp. nov.; (E) N. ornamentatus, paratype from Mirador de Taguluche (L. Moro photograph).

Figure 12 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 12. Shell ornamentation details of the penultimate whorl (A–C, E, F) and that of the two last whorls (D). (A) N. tenoensis holotype, from Tamargo (Tenerife); (B) N. boucheti holotype, from Llano del Lance (La Palma); (C) N. obesatus, from La Milagrosa (Gran Canaria); (D) N. tabidus, from La Laguna (Tenerife); (E) N. maffioteanus, from Barranco de La Aldea (Gran Canaria); (F) N. propinquus, from Barranco de Las Galgas (Tenerife).

Figure 11 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 11. Genital system. (A) N. tafadaensis sp. nov., paratype from Montaña Tafada; (B) N. ornamentatus sp. nov., paratype from Mirador de Taguluche; (C) N. teobaldoi sp. nov., paratype from Barranco Hondo. A1, A5, parts of the penial appendix; ag, albumen gland; bc, bursa copulatrix; di, diaphragm; dp, distal penis; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallar caecum; f, flagellum; go, genital orifice; o, free oviduct; par, penial appendix retractor; pp, proximal penis; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens.

Figure 4 in On the relationships of the genus Napaeus (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) with the descriptions of four new species from the Canary Islands

Figure 4. Napaeus shell drawings. (A) N. tenoensis (holotype, AIT); (B) N. bajamarensis sp. nov. (holotype, TFMC MT 0397); (C) N. boucheti (holotype, AIT); (D) N. obesatus; (E) N. propinquus; (F) N. ornamentatus sp. nov. (holotype, TFMC MT 0400); (G) N. orientalis (holotype, AIT); (H) N. ocellatus (syntype, ZMZ 513767); (J) N. rupicola; (K) N. avaloensis (holotype, TFMC MT 0382); (L) N. maculatus (holotype, TFMC MT 0386); (M) N. helvolus; (N) N. voggenreiteri (holotype, TFMC MT 0384); (O) N. isletae (holotype, AIT); (P) N. variatus; (Q) N. encaustus; (R) N. moquinianus; (S) N. teobaldoi sp. nov. (holotype, TFMC MT 0399); (T) N. lajaensis (holotype, TFMC MT 0381); (U) N. procerus (holotype, TFMC MT 0385); (V) N. rufobrunneus.

FIGURE 9 in Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)

FIGURE 9. Details of shell ornamentation of holotypes (penultimate whorl). A. Napaeus arinagaensis n. sp. B. N. validoi n. sp. C. N. grohi n. sp.

FIGURE 8 in Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)

FIGURE 8. Genital systems of: A. N. venegueraensis n. sp., paratype from Barranco de Taurito, Gran Canaria (AIT). B. N. validoi n. sp., paratype from Monte de Inagua, Gran Canaria (AIT). A1–A5, parts of the penial appendix; bc, bursa copulatrix; d, diverticulum; dp, distal penis; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallic caecum; f, flagellum; go, genital orifice; o, free oviduct; par, penial appendix retractor; pp, proximal penis; pr, penis retractor; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens.

FIGURE 10. Napaeus grohi n in Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)

FIGURE 10. Napaeus grohi n. sp., holotype. A. Genital system. B. Detail of the flagellum. C. Internal anatomy of penis. A4–A5, parts of the penial appendix; ag, albumen gland; bc, bursa copulatrix (although this appears be bent it is in fact only wrinkled); e, epiphallus; f, flagellum; go, genital orifice; o, free oviduct; par, penial appendix retractor; p, penis; pr, penis retractor; sph, sphincter between epiphallus and penis; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens.

FIGURE 4. Napaeus josei n in Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)

FIGURE 4. Napaeus josei n. sp. A. Paratype from the type locality (AIT). B. Three paratypes from the type locality, attached to a stone and disguised with a soil covering (JSGC). C. Disguised paratype with a very thick soil covering (JSGC).

FIGURE 7 in Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)

FIGURE 7. Scatter plots of some shell measurements for the new species and the most similar species. AS, aperture surface area (plane view); BS, body whorl surface area (plane view); FS, first whorls surface area (plane view); PS, penultimate whorl surface area (plane view); SB, shell breadth; SH, shell height; SS, shell surface area (plane view). The dimensions are in mm (lengths) or mm2 (surface areas).

FIGURE 5 in Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)

FIGURE 5. Details of shell ornamentation of holotypes (A, C: penultimate whorl; B, D: body whorl). A–B. Napaeus josei n. sp. C–D. N. venegueraensis n. sp.

FIGURE 6. Napaeus josei n in Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)

FIGURE 6. Napaeus josei n. sp., paratype from Barranco del Lechugal, Gran Canaria (AIT). A. Genital system. B. internal anatomy of penis, showing the penial papilla; A1–A5, parts of the penial appendix; ag, albumen gland; bc, bursa copulatrix; d, diverticulum; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallic caecum; f, flagellum; go, genital orifice; o, free oviduct; par, penial appendix retractor; p, penis; pp, penial papilla; pr, penis retractor; pw, penis wall; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens.

FIGURE 2 in Five new Napaeus species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) from Gran Canaria and El Hierro (Canary Islands)

FIGURE 2. Drawings of the shell of the holotype of Napaeus arinagaensis n. sp., showing the placement of the measurements obtained (in º, 2 mm or mm). α, upper palatal angle (i.e. the angle between the columella and the upper palatal margin of the aperture); AB, aperture breadth; AH, aperture height; AP, aperture perimeter; AS, aperture surface area (plane view); BH, body whorl height (at columella level); BP, body whorl perimeter; BS, body whorl surface area (plane view); FB, first whorls breadth; FH, first whorls height; FP, first whorls perimeter; FS, first whorls surface area (plane view); PB, penultimate whorl breadth; PH, penultimate whorl height; PP, penultimate whorl perimeter; PS, penultimate whorl surface area (plane view); SB, shell breadth; SH, shell height; SP, shell perimeter; SS, shell surface area (plane view); T, distance between columella and periphery of penultimate whorl above aperture; U, highest distance between columella and palatal edge of aperture.