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45 results for “Natural Gas”
Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Reference Libraries from Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) WebBook Processed for Spectral Library Matching
<div>In order to obtain a high-quality LC-MS/MS reference database for spectral library matching, we selected 22 high-quality GNPS tandem mass spectrometry databases generated under the positive ion mode. Further preprocessing similar to Huber et al involving mass-to-charge (m/z) and intensity filtering yields the database found in the file LCMS_GNPS_reference_library.csv which contains 14,705 electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectra, each of which corresponds to a unique compound. The NIST WebBook database was used to construct GC-MS database contained in the file GCMS_NIST_WebBook.csv. This database contains 23,721 electron ionization (EI) mass spectra, each of which corresponds to a unique non-hyphenated Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Registry Number.</div> <div> </div> <div>Both LC-MS/MS and GC-MS databases are organized into three columns: one for the identifier, one for the m/z values, and one for the intensity values. For example, if spectrum A has 20 ion fragments, then there will be 20 rows corresponding to spectrum A in the corresponding database with the identifier A repeated 20 times with the corresponding m/z and intensity values.</div>
Data for: Techno-economic and environmental assessment of converting mixed prairie to renewable natural gas with co-product hydroxycinnamic acid, Iowa, USA, 2022-2023.
This dataset compiles model outputs, parameter sets, and documentation supporting a techno‑economic analysis (TEA) and life‑cycle assessment (LCA) of co‑digesting beef cattle manure with pretreated mixed prairie biomass to produce renewable natural gas (RNG), with hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA) and digestate‑derived biochar co‑products. It accompanies the study by Katherine Wild, Elmin Rahic, Lisa A Schulte Moore, and Mark Mba Wright "Techno-economic and environmental assessment of converting mixed prairie to renewable natural gas with co-product hydroxycinnamic acid," in Biofuels, Bioproducts, & Biorefining, 2024 (https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2710). The integrated simulation and assessment framework quantifies process performance, economics, and greenhouse‑gas intensity across five scenarios representing combinations of alkaline‑ethanol pretreatment for HCA extraction, liquid recirculation fractions, and biochar addition. This data collection includes: stream‑level mass flow/composition tables for each scenario; RNG, biochar, and HCA annual production summaries; literature‑based methane/biogas yield benchmarks; equipment‑level capital costs; TEA assumptions; emission‑factor inventories and displacement credits; and full sensitivity/uncertainty matrices for MFSP and GWP.
Great Britain's hourly natural gas demand at a local level (distribution level) from 2017-01 to 2018-03
<p>An hourly local natural gas demand dataset created for the UK Energy Research Centre's Phase 3 FlexiNET project.</p> <p>A briefing note using part of the data can be found - http://www.ukerc.ac.uk/publications/local-gas-demand-vs-electricity-supply.html</p> <p>The dataset has been aggregated from the hourly operational demand data from Great Britain's four Gas Distribution Network companies (GDNs) and provides an empirical record rather than modelled data.</p> <p>Columns ['utc_index', 'utc_aware', 'utcdiff', 'localtime_aware', 'localtime_naive_text', 'localtimediff', 'gb_demand_kWh_cleaned']</p> <p>Column descriptions:</p> <p>utc_index: datetime in utc</p> <p>utc_aware: datetime in utc timezone aware</p> <p>utcdiff: difference between subsequent values for utc_aware column (as check step value - should only be 0 days 01:00:00.000000000)</p> <p>localtime_aware: London local time</p> <p>localtime_naive_text: London local time as text</p> <p>localtimediff: difference between subsequent values for localtime_aware column (as check step value - should have one value per year of 02:00 hours for clock forward in March to British Summer Time, 00:00 for clock backward in October, and 01:00 for all other values)</p> <p>gb_demand_kWh_cleaned: the aggregate demand for natural gas through the local gas networks in kWh over the hour</p>
The European Natural Gas Demand database (ENaGaD)
<p>The ``European Natural Gas Demand'' (ENaGaD) database is composed of daily time series of the national demand of natural gas for each of the 25 European Member States with a transmission system and some European Countries. The series are compiled and presented from 2015 to 2020 in energy unit of measurement. Values are mainly collected from the transparency platform of National Transmission System Operators in compliance to Regulation (EC) No 715/2009. Whenever possible, the daily demand is further divided in consumption by electricity and heat producers, consumption by industrial users and by households. The ENaGaD database is also available from the Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue at <a href="https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/">https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu</a>.</p> <p>A newer public version of ENaGad (superseding version 1.1) is now available at <a href="https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/collection/id-00372">https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/collection/id-00372</a> .</p>
Integrated experimental and techno-economic modeling of renewable natural gas production from prairie biomass
This study coupled experimental and techno-economic modeling to evaluate the economic prospects of utilizing prairie biomass as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion experiments were performed using 15 lab-scale bioreactors under semi-continuous operation, designed based off a box-Behnken design with three factors. Response variables included biogas and biomethane yields, in addition to numerous digestate physico-chemical characteristics. Statistical models were developed from the experimental data to predict these responses and were subsequently incorporated into a techno-economic model developed in Python using BioSTEAM. In addition to optimizing key anaerobic digestion parameters, four scenarios were evaluated investigating liquid digestate recirculation, as well as methane recovery from the liquid digestate in a two-stage anaerobic digestion process.
Affine Policies for Flexibility Provision by Natural Gas Networks to Power Systems
<p>Online appendix for the paper - "Affine Policies for Flexibility Provision by Natural Gas Networks to Power Systems", containing the power generators, gas producers and demand data as well as physical characteristics of the electrical transmission lines and gas pipelines. The empirically estimated forecast error covariance matrix used in the model is provided as well.</p> <p>The power systems and natural gas systems data is adapted from: C. Ordoudis, P. Pinson and J. M. González, "An integrated market for electricity and natural gas systems with stochastic power producers", European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 272, no. 2, pp. 642-654, 2019.</p>
Data from: Large-scale manipulation of the acoustic environment can alter the abundance of breeding birds: evidence from a phantom natural gas field
1. Altered animal distributions are a consequence of human expansion and development. Anthropogenic noise can be an important predictor of abundance declines near human infrastructure, yet more information is needed to understand noise impacts at the spatial and temporal scales necessary to alter populations. 2. Energy development and associated anthropogenic noise are globally pervasive, and expanding. For example, 600,000 new natural gas wells have been drilled across central North America in less than twenty years. 3. We experimentally broadcast energy sector noise (recordings of compressor engines) in Southwest Idaho (USA). We placed arrays of speakers creating a "phantom natural gas field" in a large-scale experiment, and tested the effects of noise alone on breeding songbird abundance. To examine variation in human-caused noise, we broadcast two types of compressor noise, one with a slightly higher sound intensity and greater bandwidth than the other. 4. Our phantom natural gas field encompassed approximately 100 km2. We broadcast noise for over three continuous months, for each of two seasons, and quantified over 20,000 hours of background sound levels. 5. Brewer's sparrows (Spizella breweri) were affected by our narrowband playback, declining 30% 50 m from the speaker arrays. During our broadband playback, all species combined and Brewer's sparrows decreased 20% and 33% respectively at the scale of our sites (~0.5 km2; up to 400 m from speaker arrays). 6. Our results show the importance of incorporating the acoustic structure of noise when estimating the cost of noise exposure for populations and suggest an urgent need for noise mitigation, such as quieting compressor station noise, in energy extraction fields and natural areas broadly.
Dataset: Greenhouse Gas and Noxious Emissions from Dual Fuel Diesel and Natural Gas Heavy Goods Vehicles
<p>This dataset contains the data underlying all figures of the paper entitled 'Greenhouse Gas and Noxious Emissions from Dual Fuel Diesel and Natural Gas Heavy Goods Vehicles'.</p>
Replication data for estimating the below-ground leak rate of a natural gas pipeline using above-ground downwind measurements: THE ESCAPE−1 MODEL
<p>Gas leak detectors are currently used to survey for below-ground leaks. However, measurements from gas detectors are not precise in quantifying the below-ground leak rate—data in this submission aimed to quantify the below-ground leak rate of a Natural Gas pipeline.</p>
Data from: Using controlled subsurface releases to investigate the effect of leak variation on above-ground natural gas detection
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Pipelines transport natural gas (NG) in all stages between production and the end user. The NG composition, pipeline depth, and pressure vary significantly between extraction and consumption. As methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), the primary component of NG is both explosive and a potent greenhouse gas, NG leaks from underground pipelines pose both a safety and environmental threat. Leaks are typically found when an observer detects a CH<sub>4</sub> enhancement as they pass through the downwind above-ground NG plume. The likelihood of detecting a plume depends, in part, on the size of the plume, which is contingent on both environmental conditions and intrinsic characteristics of the leak. To investigate the effects of leak characteristics, this study uses controlled NG release experiments to observe how the above-ground plume width changes with changes in the gas composition of the NG, leak rate, and depth of the subsurface emission. Results show that plume width generally decreases when heavier hydrocarbons are present, the leak rate is reduced, and as leak depth decreases from 0.9 to 0.6 m. The above surface CH<sub>4</sub> plume is undetectable when leaks are 1.8 m deep. As most survey methods typically prioritize leaks based on the leak size, this study shows that the effect of NG density on above-ground plume width is only 4%, equivalent to the effect of leak rate. This suggests that reported leaks in areas with heavier hydrocarbons could currently be missed or underestimated. Furthermore, this study shows that leaks from pipelines laid in covers meeting minimum depth requirements of 0.9 m could be easier to detect compared to those buried shallower. Overall, this study illustrates that leak survey protocols for flowlines and gathering lines should be different from distribution pipelines and tailored to the compositions of the transported NG to report emissions accurately.</span></p>
PUDL Raw EIA Form 176 -- Annual Report of Natural and Supplemental Gas Supply and Disposition
<p>The EIA Form 176, also known as the Annual Report of Natural and Supplemental Gas Supply and Disposition, describes the origins, suppliers, and disposition of natural gas on a yearly and state by state basis. Archived from <a href="https://www.eia.gov/naturalgas/ngqs/">https://www.eia.gov/naturalgas/ngqs/</a></p> <p>This archive contains raw input data for the Public Utility Data Liberation (PUDL) software developed by <a href="https://catalyst.coop">Catalyst Cooperative</a>. It is organized into <a href="https://specs.frictionlessdata.io/data-package/">Frictionless Data Packages</a>. For additional information about this data and PUDL, see the following resources: </p><ul> <li><a href="https://github.com/catalyst-cooperative/pudl">The PUDL Repository on GitHub</a></li> <li><a href="https://catalystcoop-pudl.readthedocs.io">PUDL Documentation</a></li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/communities/catalyst-cooperative/">Other Catalyst Cooperative data archives</a></li> </ul> <p></p>
CCG Starter Kits - Base SAND file for South America- Coal and Natural Gas Scenario
<p>This file is the Base SAND file for South America with coal and natural gas.</p> <p>This is published as part of the MethodsX paper titled <strong>How to put together a Starter Data Kit from scratch? An extensive methodology to compile zero-order energy transition models. </strong>The main goal of the files published for this paper is to develop a set of credible data and an initial investment model for several developing countries.</p>
FIGURE 3 in Mixture formation in a partially stratified directly injected natural gas engine
FIGURE 3: The effect of varied gall density (low vs high) on leaves of T. cordata and T. tomentosa infested by P. tetratrichus on the total level of flavonols (a), anthocyanins (b) and tannins (c). Different letters (lower case for T. cordata and capital for T. tomentosa) above the bars indicate statistically significant differences among treatments (Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test or Tukey's HSD test, P=0.05). The asterisks indicate statistically significant differences among the control treatments for T. cordata and T. tomentosa (Student's t-test; * – P<0.05; ** – P<0.01). Means SD of untransformed data are shown.
FIGURE 2 in Mixture formation in a partially stratified directly injected natural gas engine
FIGURE 2: The cross-sections through the edgerolling on T. cordata (a – d) and erineum on T. tomenosa (e-f) leaves at the early phase of development (a-c) and at the more expanded phase (d – f). Phenolics (deep-red in colour) are localised in the cells of the outer layer of the nutritive tissue of both gall types. Starch grains (arrow) dominate within the cells of hypertrophied parenchyma (d). The P. tetratrichus specimens are localised within distinguishable cavities of roll-gall (b, c, d). The presence of red coloured deposits within eriophyoid bodies (d, arrow) suggests that phenolics can be sequestered. Magnification: 90x (a, b, c, e, f); 180x (d).
FIGURE 1 in Mixture formation in a partially stratified directly injected natural gas engine
FIGURE 1: The effect of P. tetratrichus feeding on linden leaf morphology: edgerollings on T. cordata leaves at a low (a) and high (b) density and erinea on T. tomentosa leaves at a low (c) and high (d) density visible from the upper side of the leaf blade.
Thermodynamic (p, ρ, T) characterization of a reference high-calorific natural gas mixture when hydrogen is added up to 20 % (mol/mol)
<p>File: 1-s2.0-S0360319924017166-mmc1.docx</p> <p>This file (DOCX) is a supplementary file that contains the mixture preparation chart and auxiliary mixture validation data.</p> <p>File: 2024_IJHE_Results_Repository.xlsx</p> <p>This file (XLSX) contains tables with the density data of the systems investigated.</p> <p>File: 2024_IJHE_Manuscript_repository.docx</p> <p>This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy (2024, 70, 118-135). The editor of the Journal is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher-authenticated, Open-Access version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.05.028</p>
Modeling the dispersion of dissolved natural gas condensates from the Sanchi incident
<p>This is the data for submission '<strong>Modeling the dispersion of dissolved natural gas condensates from the Sanchi incident</strong>'. This zip file contains 6 subfolders. The folder named "initialdataofmodel" contains the daily oceanic velocity field for the model derived from Global Ocean Sea Physical Analysis and Forecasting Products distributed by CMEMS, which can be available from <a href="http://marine.copernicus.eu/services-portfolio/access-to-products/?option=com_csw&view=details&product_id=GLOBAL_ANALYSIS_FORECAST_PHY_001_024">http://marine.copernicus.eu/services-portfolio/access-to-products/?option=com_csw&view=details&product_id=GLOBAL_ANALYSIS_FORECAST_PHY_001_024</a> . Other folders contain the data for different figures (experiments) based on the model we used in the paper. The model output data (lon,lat,depth) is written by Fortran as a format of 'format(8e14.6)' .</p>
PUDL Raw EIA Form 191 -- Monthly Underground Natural Gas Storage Report
<p>The EIA Form 191, also known as the Monthly Underground Natural Gas Storage Report, describes the working and base gas in reservoirs, injections, withdrawals, and location of reservoirs by field monthly. Archived from <a href="https://www.eia.gov/naturalgas/ngqs/">https://www.eia.gov/naturalgas/ngqs/</a></p> <p>This archive contains raw input data for the Public Utility Data Liberation (PUDL) software developed by <a href="https://catalyst.coop">Catalyst Cooperative</a>. It is organized into <a href="https://specs.frictionlessdata.io/data-package/">Frictionless Data Packages</a>. For additional information about this data and PUDL, see the following resources: </p><ul> <li><a href="https://github.com/catalyst-cooperative/pudl">The PUDL Repository on GitHub</a></li> <li><a href="https://catalystcoop-pudl.readthedocs.io">PUDL Documentation</a></li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/communities/catalyst-cooperative/">Other Catalyst Cooperative data archives</a></li> </ul> <p></p>
PUDL Raw Pipelines and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) Annual Natural Gas Report
<p>Annual reports submitted to PHMSA from gas distribution, gas gathering, gas transmission, liquefied natural gas, and underground gas storage system operators. Annual reports include information such as total pipeline mileage, facilities, commodities transported, miles by material, and installation dates. Archived from <a href="https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/data-and-statistics/pipeline/gas-distribution-gas-gathering-gas-transmission-hazardous-liquids">https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/data-and-statistics/pipeline/gas-distribution-gas-gathering-gas-transmission-hazardous-liquids</a></p> <p>This archive contains raw input data for the Public Utility Data Liberation (PUDL) software developed by <a href="https://catalyst.coop">Catalyst Cooperative</a>. It is organized into <a href="https://specs.frictionlessdata.io/data-package/">Frictionless Data Packages</a>. For additional information about this data and PUDL, see the following resources:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://github.com/catalyst-cooperative/pudl">The PUDL Repository on GitHub</a></li> <li><a href="https://catalystcoop-pudl.readthedocs.io">PUDL Documentation</a></li> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/communities/catalyst-cooperative/">Other Catalyst Cooperative data archives</a></li> </ul> <p> </p>
Exploring Soil Exchangeable Cations and Auditing the Potential of Phoenix dactylifera and Mangifera indica in CO2 Sequestration into Soil Biomass in a Naturally Occurring Tree Patches Using Infrared Gas Analyzer
<p><em>Soil Exchangeable Cations (EC) were audited, and the potential of economic trees in atmospheric CO2 sequestration into soil biomass was investigated. . The experiment indicated that economic trees are perfect for CO2 sequestration. </em></p>
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.