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57 results for “Naturalization success”
Data from: Nitrogen acquisition of Central European herbaceous plants that differ in their global naturalization success
<p>It is frequently assumed that species capable of fast nitrogen (N) acquisition under different N-availability conditions should have a higher establishment success after their introduction into new regions. However, few experimental studies have explicitly tested this. Our multispecies experiment tested whether global naturalization success of plant species native to Central Europe is related to a high N-acquisition ability.</p> <p>We selected 41 common herbaceous species native to Germany that have all become naturalized, and thus been introduced, elsewhere. Twenty-two of these species are widely naturalized and 19 are less widely naturalized. We grew the 41 grassland species, sampled in Germany, under low and high N conditions in a greenhouse experiment, and assessed their N-acquisition abilities.</p> <p>Although the widely naturalized species grew faster on average, they had a significantly lower N-uptake rate than the less widely naturalized ones. The widely naturalized species, however, had a marginally significantly higher root-mass fraction. Despite these differences, the total plant N-content did on average not differ between the two groups of species. However, N addition tended to increase the total plant N-content more for the widely naturalized species than for the less widely naturalized species. Nitrogen addition also increased biomass production and N-uptake rate, and decreased the root-mass fraction of plants, but these responses did not differ between widely and less widely naturalized species.</p> <p>We conclude that although fast-growing species tend to have a higher global naturalization success than slow-growing species, the naturalization success of plants is not necessarily related to a high N-acquisition ability.</p>
Reproductive success of hatchery- and natural-spawning sockeye salmon, Auke Creek, Alaska
<p>Evaluating salmon hatchery supplementation programs requires assessing not only program objectives but identifying potential risks to wild populations as well. Such evaluations can be hampered by difficulty in distinguishing between hatchery- and wild-born returning adults. Here, we conducted three years (2011–2013) of experimental hatchery supplementation of sockeye salmon in Auke Lake, Juneau, Alaska where a permanent weir allows sampling and genotyping of every returning adult (2008–2019). We identified both hatchery- and wild-born returning adults with parentage assignment, quantified the productivity (adult offspring/spawner) of hatchery spawners relative to that of wild spawners, and compared run timing, age, and size at age between hatchery- and wild-born adults. Hatchery-spawning females produced approximately six to 50 times more returning adults than did naturally spawning females. Supplementation had no discernable effect on run timing and limited consequences for size at age, but we observed a distinct shift to younger age at maturity in the hatchery-born individuals in all three brood years. The shift appeared to be driven by hatchery-born fish being more likely to emigrate after one, rather than two, years in the lake but the cause is unknown. In cases when spawning or incubation habitat is limiting sockeye salmon production, hatchery supplementation can be effective for enhancing the number of returning adult fish but not without the risk of phenotypic change in the recipient population, which can be an undesired outcome of hatchery supplementation. This study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that phenotypic change within a single generation of captive spawning might be widespread in salmon hatchery programs.</p>
Fig. 2 in Successful treatment of Trypanoxyuris sp. infection in naturally infected southern brown-howlers (Alouatta guariba clamitans)
Fig. 2. Trypanoxyuris sp. morphology. a) Male specimen; b) Male anterior region; c) Male posterior region, d) Female anterior region. (E = esophagus; EB = esophageal bulb; CT = curved tail; DL = dorsal lips; SCCA = single-crested cephalic alae; S = spicule; CA = caudal appendix; DCCA = double-crested cephalic alae).
Fig. 1 in Successful treatment of Trypanoxyuris sp. infection in naturally infected southern brown-howlers (Alouatta guariba clamitans)
Fig. 1. Trypanoxyuris sp. fecal egg count before and after the administration of pyrantel pamoate & praziquantel (Howler 1) and Albendazole (Howler 2).
Data from: Predicting invasion success of cultivated naturalized plants in China
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Data from: Nitrogen acquisition of Central European herbaceous plants that differ in their global naturalization success
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Reproductive success of hatchery- and natural-spawning sockeye salmon, Auke Creek, Alaska
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Data for Ferretto et al, 2021 "Naturally-detached fragments of the endangered seagrass Posidonia australis collected by citizen scientists can be used to successfully restore fragmented meadows"
<p>Please find attached the data for the manuscript "Ferretto et al, 2021" and a brief description of each file.</p>
Data from: Reproductive success and health of breeding Bank Swallows (<em>Riparia riparia</em>) in aggregate (sand and gravel) pit and natural lakeshore habitats
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Mitonuclear mismatch alters performance and reproductive success in naturally-introgressed populations of a montane leaf beetle
Coordination between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes is critical to metabolic processes underlying animals' ability to adapt to local environments, yet consequences of mitonuclear interactions have rarely been investigated in populations where individuals with divergent mitochondrial and nuclear genomes naturally interbreed. Genetic variation in the leaf beetle <i>Chrysomela aeneicollis</i> was assessed along a latitudinal thermal gradient in California's Sierra Nevada. Variation at mitochondrial <i>cytochrome oxidase II</i> (<i>COII</i>) and the nuclear gene <i>phosphoglucose isomerase</i> (<i>PGI</i>) shows concordance and was significantly greater along a 65 km transect than 10 other loci. STRUCTURE analyses using neutral loci identified a southern and northern subpopulation, which interbreed in the central drainage Bishop Creek. <i>COII</i> and <i>PGI</i> were used as indicators of mitochondrial and nuclear genetic variation in field and laboratory experiments conducted on beetles from this admixed population. Fecundity, larval development rate, running speed and male mating frequency were higher for beetles with geographically 'matched' than 'mismatched' mitonuclear genotypes. Effects of mitonuclear mismatch were largest for individuals with northern nuclear genotypes possessing southern mitochondria and were most pronounced after heat treatment or at high elevation. These findings suggest that mitonuclear incompatibility diminishes performance and reproductive success in nature, effects that could intensify at environmental extremes.
Data from: Introduction bias affects relationships between the characteristics of ornamental alien plants and their naturalization success
Aim: Alien plants with certain characteristics may have been introduced earlier and more frequently than others. Such introduction bias may cause spurious associations between plant characteristics and naturalization (the establishment of self-sustaining populations in the wild). We aimed to disentangle direct and indirect (i.e. mediated by introduction history) effects of species characteristics on the naturalization success of alien plants introduced for horticulture. Location: Germany (non-native range); rest of the world (native range). Methods: We compiled a dataset of 435 alien plant species introduced in cultivation in Germany, including data on their year of introduction, the number of botanical gardens where they are planted, native range, biological traits and naturalization success. We used path analysis to estimate the direct effects of geographical origin and biological traits on naturalization, and their indirect effects mediated by year and/or frequency of introduction. Results: We found significant direct positive effects of native range size and winter hardiness on naturalization. Alien species native to other parts of Europe and species with a large native range were brought to the country earlier than other species. In addition, woody species, winter-hardy species and tall species were planted more frequently than others. Because the number of botanical gardens where a species is planted increased naturalization success directly, and residence time did so indirectly through a significant positive association with the number of botanical gardens, most of the species characteristics had indirect effects on naturalization. Main conclusions: Our approach allowed us to show that apparent effects of species characteristics on naturalization success can be at least partly indirect, due to introduction biases. This indicates that failure to recognize such introduction biases could impair our ability to explain the success of alien plant species.
Distribution. Arctic areas of Alaska, Canada, and NE & N Greenland. Successfully introduced into W & SW Greenland, Norway, Russia, and several areas of Alaska outside their natural range. in Bovidae
Distribution. Arctic areas of Alaska, Canada, and NE & N Greenland. Successfully introduced into W & SW Greenland, Norway, Russia, and several areas of Alaska outside their natural range.
Subspecies and Distribution. C. p. paca Linnaeus, 1766 — E & S Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and E Brazil to Paraguay, N Argentina (Misiones and Corrientes provinces), and Uruguay. C. p. guanta Lonnberg, 1921 — W Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and N Bolivia. C. p. mexianae Hagmann, 1908 — E Brazil, mouth of the Amazon in Para State. C. p. nelsoni Goldman, 1913 — E & S Mexico (Atlantic slope lowlands from San Luis Potosi State to Yucatan Peninsula), then through Central America to N Costa Rica. C. p. virgatus Bangs, 1902 — W Costa Rica, through Panama to N & W Colombia. It is also naturally present in Trinidad and Tobago Is (subspecies unknown), but it was extinct in Tobago I long ago due to overexploitation by Amerindians. They also introduced the Lowland Paca (nominate subspecies) from Venezuela into Curacao I, the largest of the Netherlands Antilles. In the 20" century it was successfully introduced into Cuba from Mexico, so it should belong to the Mexican subspecies nelson in Cuniculidae
Subspecies and Distribution. C. p. paca Linnaeus, 1766 — E & S Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and E Brazil to Paraguay, N Argentina (Misiones and Corrientes provinces), and Uruguay. C. p. guanta Lonnberg, 1921 — W Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and N Bolivia. C. p. mexianae Hagmann, 1908 — E Brazil, mouth of the Amazon in Para State. C. p. nelsoni Goldman, 1913 — E & S Mexico (Atlantic slope lowlands from San Luis Potosi State to Yucatan Peninsula), then through Central America to N Costa Rica. C. p. virgatus Bangs, 1902 — W Costa Rica, through Panama to N & W Colombia. It is also naturally present in Trinidad and Tobago Is (subspecies unknown), but it was extinct in Tobago I long ago due to overexploitation by Amerindians. They also introduced the Lowland Paca (nominate subspecies) from Venezuela into Curacao I, the largest of the Netherlands Antilles. In the 20" century it was successfully introduced into Cuba from Mexico, so it should belong to the Mexican subspecies nelson
Distribution. SW Australia, only known from Fitzgerald River National Park in Western Australia and on Boullanger and Whitlock Is. Successfully translocated into Peniup proposed nature reserve, Stirling Range National Park, and Escape I, all in Western Australia. in Dasyuridae
Distribution. SW Australia, only known from Fitzgerald River National Park in Western Australia and on Boullanger and Whitlock Is. Successfully translocated into Peniup proposed nature reserve, Stirling Range National Park, and Escape I, all in Western Australia.
Distribution. SW Australia, only known from Fitzgerald River National Park in Western Australia and on Boullanger and Whitlock Is. Successfully translocated into Peniup proposed nature reserve, Stirling Range National Park, and Escape I, all in Western Australia. in Dasyuridae
Distribution. SW Australia, only known from Fitzgerald River National Park in Western Australia and on Boullanger and Whitlock Is. Successfully translocated into Peniup proposed nature reserve, Stirling Range National Park, and Escape I, all in Western Australia.
Distribution. Confined to a single population in Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve (Mt Gardner), near Albany, in coastal far SW Western Australia. Successfully introduced to nearby Bald I. in Potoroidae
Distribution. Confined to a single population in Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve (Mt Gardner), near Albany, in coastal far SW Western Australia. Successfully introduced to nearby Bald I.
Distribution. Natural distribution now restricted to West and East Franklin Is, Nuyts Archipelago, South Australia. From 1990, successful introductions (assisted colonization) from there to Salutation I, W Western Australia, and to Reevesby I and Saint Peter I, South Australia; also reintroduced to predator-exclosures at Mt Gibson Sanctuary, Western Australia, Arid Recovery Reserve, Roxby Downs, South Australia, and Scotia Sanctuary, New South Wales. Attempted reintroduction to Faure I, Western Australia, failed. in Muridae
Distribution. Natural distribution now restricted to West and East Franklin Is, Nuyts Archipelago, South Australia. From 1990, successful introductions (assisted colonization) from there to Salutation I, W Western Australia, and to Reevesby I and Saint Peter I, South Australia; also reintroduced to predator-exclosures at Mt Gibson Sanctuary, Western Australia, Arid Recovery Reserve, Roxby Downs, South Australia, and Scotia Sanctuary, New South Wales. Attempted reintroduction to Faure I, Western Australia, failed.
Supplementary material 2 from: Niemi M, Pöyry J, Heiskanen I, Uotinen V, Nieminen M, Erkomaa K, Wallenius K (2014) Variability of soil enzyme activities and vegetation succession following boreal forest surface soil transfer to an artificial hill. Nature Conservation 8: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.8.6369
Figure S1: Explanation note: The studied sites at the onset of the study in June 2003: a) Top b) Grove c) Middle d) North e) Alder f) Spruce.
Supplementary material 5 from: Niemi M, Pöyry J, Heiskanen I, Uotinen V, Nieminen M, Erkomaa K, Wallenius K (2014) Variability of soil enzyme activities and vegetation succession following boreal forest surface soil transfer to an artificial hill. Nature Conservation 8: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.8.6369
Figure S4: Explanation note: The studied s ites after a decade in June 2013: a) Top, b) Grove c) Middle d) North.
Supplementary material 3 from: Astuti G, Roma-Marzio F, D'Antraccoli M, Bedini G, Carta A, Sebastiani F, Bruschi P, Peruzzi L (2017) Conservation biology of the last Italian population of Cistus laurifolius (Cistaceae): demographic structure, reproductive success and population genetics. Nature Conservation 22: 169-190. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.22.19809
Supplementary material 3 from: Astuti G, Roma-Marzio F, D'Antraccoli M, Bedini G, Carta A, Sebastiani F, Bruschi P, Peruzzi L (2017) Conservation biology of the last Italian population of Cistus laurifolius (Cistaceae): demographic structure, reproductive success and population genetics. Nature Conservation 22: 169-190. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.22.19809
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.