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493 results for “Nature conservation”
Database of indicators to evaluate the contribution of urban nature-based solutions to climate change adaptation, biodiversity conservation, and social justice
<p>Supplementary data used within the publication: Goodwin, S., Olazabal, M., Castro, A. J., & Pascual, U. (2024). Measuring the contribution of nature-based solutions beyond climate adaptation in cities. <em>Global Environmental Change</em>, <em>89</em>, 102939. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102939">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102939</a>. Please also cite this paper when citing this database.</p> <div> <div>Within this database, you can find a list of indicators used to evaluate the contribution of a collection of 74 nature-based solutions (NbS) to climate change adaptation and related biodiversity and social justice challenges in cities. This list of indicators may be useful to those working in cities to provide inspiration for similar indicators they may wish to use to evaluate NbS in their city. This collection of NbS was drawn from previous work published in <em>Nature Sustainability</em> <a href="https://rdcu.be/c4tjk">here</a>.</div> <div> </div> </div> <p><em>The project that gave rise to these results received the support of a fellowship from the “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434). The fellowship code is “LCF/BQ/DI20/11780006”. Marta Olazabal’s research is funded by the European Union (ERC, IMAGINE adaptation, 101039429). This research is further supported by María de Maeztu Excellence Unit 2023-2027 (ref. CEX2021-001201-M), funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) (Spain) (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/); and by the Basque Government through the BERC 2022-2025 program. </em></p> <p><em>Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council Executive Agency. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.</em></p>
Assessing ambitious nature conservation strategies in a below 2-degree and food-secure world – supplementary spatial data
<p><strong>Assessing ambitious nature conservation strategies in a below 2-degree and food-secure world – supplementary spatial data</strong></p><p><strong>Authors: </strong>Marcel Kok, Johan Meijer, Willem-Jan van Zeist, Jelle Hilbers, Marco Immovilli, Jan Janse, Elke Stehfest, Michel Bakkenes, Andrzej Tabeau, Aafke Schipper, Rob Alkemade</p><p><strong>Point of contact:</strong> <a href="mailto:Marcel.Kok@pbl.nl">Marcel.Kok@pbl.nl</a></p><p><strong>Research paper summary:</strong> Global biodiversity is projected to further decline under a wide range of future socio-economic development pathways, even in sustainability-oriented scenarios. This raises the question how biodiversity can be put on a path to recovery, the core challenge for the implementation of the CBD Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. We designed two ambitious global conservation strategies, 'Half Earth' (HE) and 'Sharing the Planet' (SP), and evaluated their ability to restore terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity and to provide nature's contributions to people (NCP), while also limiting global warming below 2 degrees and ensuring food security. We applied the integrated assessment framework IMAGE with the GLOBIO biodiversity model, using the 'Middle of the Road' Shared Socio-economic Pathway (SSP2) with its projected human population growth as baseline. We found that the HE strategy performs generally better for terrestrial biodiversity (biodiversity intactness (MSA), Area of Habitat, Living Planet Index, Red List Index) in currently still natural regions. The SP strategy yields more improvements for biodiversity in human-used areas, for freshwater biodiversity and for regulating NCP (pest control, pollination, erosion control, water quality). However, both strategies were insufficient to restore biodiversity and corresponded with considerable increases in food security risks and global temperature. Only when we combined the conservation strategies with a portfolio of 'integrated sustainability measures', including climate change mitigation and reductions of food waste and animal product consumption, our scenarios resulted in a restoration of biodiversity and NCP while keeping global warming below two degrees and food security risks below the baseline projection.</p><p><strong>Contents:</strong> This repository contains the supplementary spatial data describing the specific prioritization of conservation areas under the Half Earth (HE) and Sharing the Planet (SP) scenarios, and the resulting scenario land use and MSA data sets for the year 2050, including also a baseline (BL) scenario. All spatial data is in geotiff format at a 10 arcsecond resolution in WGS84 coordinate system. Detailed description of the methodology is provided in the paper listed under "related identifiers".</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Nature conservation, Half Earth, Sharing the Planet, Climate Change, Food Security, Solution-oriented scenarios, Biodiversity, Nature's Contribution to People, NCP</p>
Supplementary material 3 from: Bongard C, Butler K, Fulthorpe R (2013) Investigation of fungal root colonizers of the invasive plant Vincetoxicum rossicum and co-occurring local native plants in a field and woodland area in Southern Ontario. Nature Conservation 4: 55-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.4.3578
Supplementary material 3 from: Bongard C, Butler K, Fulthorpe R (2013) Investigation of fungal root colonizers of the invasive plant Vincetoxicum rossicum and co-occurring local native plants in a field and woodland area in Southern Ontario. Nature Conservation 4: 55-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.4.3578
Figure 6 in Rediscovery, natural history, and conservation status of Idiocranium russeli Parker, 1936 (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Indotyphlidae)
Figure 6. Photograph showing appearance and colour variation of four Idiocranium russeli from Makamune, site 7 (locality 11, see Tables 1, 2) in life. Note the increasing demarcation of annular grooves posteriorly, colour variation among individuals, and presence of middorsal stripe. Total length of palest specimen shown here was 130 mm when freshly anaesthetized.
Figure 7 in A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change
Figure 7. Box plots show the distribution of relative abundances of the associations across the six facies types.
Figure 3 in A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change
Figure 3. Sampling locations of three expeditions in 2015–2017. The first (September–October 2015) and second expeditions (July 2016) were searching for living Pontocaspian molluscs in particular. The third expedition consisted of six transects sampled by GeoEcoMar in 2017 in search of any living mollusc. In the legend w/wo means with or without.
Figure 1 in A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change
Figure 1. Location of study area along the Romanian Black Sea coast with core locations indicated by black stars. (a) Danube Delta and RSL (modified after Vespremeanu-Stroe et al., 2017). (b) RSL bathymetry with location of study cores (modified after Dimitriu et al., 2008). Two current marine outlets are indicated by white arrows; a third outlet (Gura Portiţa) was closed in the 1970s and is indicated by a dashed white arrow.
Figure 6 in A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change
Figure 6. Overview of the 20 most abundant mollusc species grouped according to the results of Kendall's W coefficient of concordance (for k = 4). (a) Valvata piscinalis (RGM.1309841, Core C7, depth 6 cm). (b) Dreissena polymorpha (RGM.1309827, C7 – 6 cm). (c) Dreissena bugensis (RGM.1309846, C5 – 18 cm). (d) Adacna fragilis (RGM.1309835, C2 – 18 cm). (e) Monodacna colorata s.l. (RGM.1309823, C7 – 14 cm). (f) Rissoa membranacea (RGM.1309830, C3 – 48 cm). (g) Hypanis plicata (RGM.1309845, C9 – 3 cm). (h) Clathrocaspia knipowitschii (RGM.1309843, C11 – 102 cm). (i) Mytilaster minimus (RGM.1309838, C3 – 24 cm). (j) Ecrobia maritima (RGM.1309831, C3 – 48 cm). (k) Cerastoderma glaucum (RGM.1309844, C13 – 24 cm). (l) Abra segmentum (RGM.1309821, C1 – 48 cm). (m) Parthenia interstincta (RGM.1309832, C3 – 48 cm). (n) Lentidium mediterraneum (RGM.1309837, C4 – 12 cm). (o) Retusa truncatula (RGM.1309828, C2 – 42 cm). (p) Gyraulus crista (RGM.1309840, C5 – 54 cm). (q) Potamopyrgus antipodarum (RGM.1309836, C2 – 18 cm). (r) Lithoglyphus naticoides (RGM.1309842, C5 – 18 cm). (s) Theodoxus fluviatilis (RGM.1309826, C11 – 66 cm). (t) T. fluviatilis (RGM.1309824, C11 – 78 cm). (u) Theodoxus danubialis (RGM.1309839, C3 – 24 cm). (v) T. danubialis (RGM.1309834, C2 – 30 cm). Scale bars are 1 mm.
Figure 2 in A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change
Figure 2. Overview of core data. From left to right each core: core photograph, lithology, facies, fauna relative abundance per species group based on origin, evolution and estimated palaeosalinities.
Figure 5 in A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change
Figure 5. NMDS ordination plot of species compositions across samples grouped into lake regions (stress = 0.173). Optimum salinity and grain size were fitted as two-dimensional smooth surfaces to illustrate the associations with species composition. Species are marked with numbers: 1 – Planorbis planorbis, 2 – Clathrocaspia knipowitschii, 3 – Potamopyrgus antipodarum, 4 – Theodoxus danubialis, 5 – Planorbarius corneus, 6 – Abra segmentum, 7 – Rissoa membranacea, 8 – Valvata macrostoma, 9 – Hypanis plicata, 10 – Mytilaster minimus, 11 – Ecrobia maritima, 12 – Parthenia interstincta, 13 – Cerastoderma glaucum and 14 – Lentidium mediterraneum.
Figure 8 in A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change
Figure 8. Snapshot reconstructions of the evolution of the RSL and their mollusc biota. The names of major sand barriers are indicated in yellow, while those of deltaic lobes are in black. The names in parentheses and italic font are currently inactive lobes. Pie charts indicate the relative abundance of the three associations in the time interval of ±50 years of the indicated snapshot: blue – Association I (freshwater); green – Association II (Pontocaspian), orange – Association III (marine), grey – rest of the group. Water colours indicate a salinity gradient: blue is Black Sea influence (18 psu); green is river influence (0 psu). Note the freshening of the system and according changes in species associations with the decreasing influence of mesohaline waters from the Black Sea.
Figure 4 in A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change
Figure 4. Spatiotemporal salinity variations in the RSL. For each sample, the salinity was calculated by weighted averaging of the species' optimum salinities. Salinity categories adapted from Strydom et al. (2003). Snapshots referred to in the Discussion are indicated with letters A–F.
Fig. 1 in Natural-Licks Use By Orangutans And Conservation Of Their Habitats In Bornean Tropical Production Forest
Fig. 1. Location maps of Deramakot Forest Reserve in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo (D1 to D4: natural-licks).
FIG. 44 in An inventory of Bramble sharks Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Elasmobranchii, Echinorhinidae) in natural history collections worldwide for conservation status assessment
FIG. 44. — Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) in Venezuelan (Cumaná) collections: A-D, TNEC-MT (Entry 233).
FIG. 43 in An inventory of Bramble sharks Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Elasmobranchii, Echinorhinidae) in natural history collections worldwide for conservation status assessment
FIG. 43. — Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) in United States (Gainesville, Cambridge, Raleigh, New Port Richey and Washington D.C.) collections: A, B, UF103000 (Entry 223); B, UF 103001 (Entry 224); C, MCZ 39633 (Entry 225); D-H, NCSM 44134 (Entry 226); I, coll. PMH223-9 (Entry 228); J, coll. PMH223- 10 (Entry 229); K, USNM RAD107112-001 (Entry 232).
FIG. 42 in An inventory of Bramble sharks Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Elasmobranchii, Echinorhinidae) in natural history collections worldwide for conservation status assessment
FIG. 42. — Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) in United Kingdom (Penzance, London and Cambridge) collections (continuation): A, PZNAS unregistered (Entry 216); B, RCSL 1311Ba (Entry 220); C-F, UMZC CH50.1/1 (Entry 222).
FIG. 41 in An inventory of Bramble sharks Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Elasmobranchii, Echinorhinidae) in natural history collections worldwide for conservation status assessment
FIG. 41. — Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) in United Kingdom (Oxford) collections (continuation): A, OUMNH.ZC.314b (Entry 202); B, OUMNH.ZC.497a (Entry 203); C, OUMNH.ZC.499a (Entry 204); D, OUMNH.ZC.499b (Entry 205); E, OUMNH.ZC.896c (Entry 206); F, OUMNH.ZC.1099a (Entry 207); G, OUMNH. ZC.1099b (Entry 208); H, OUMNH.ZC.1396a (Entry 209); I, OUMNH.ZC.1396b (Entry 210); J, OUMNH.ZC.4319 (Entry 211), K, OUMNH.ZC.5428 (Entry 212); L, OUMNH registers; M, OUMNH.ZC.17347 (Entry 213); N, O, OUMNH.ZC.17618 (Entry 214).
FIG. 38 in An inventory of Bramble sharks Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Elasmobranchii, Echinorhinidae) in natural history collections worldwide for conservation status assessment
FIG. 38. — Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) in United Kingdom (London) collections (continuation): A, B, BMNH 1856.12.10.654 (Entry 188); C, BMNH register (Entries 188-193); D, BMNH 1909.9.3.26 (Entry 194).
FIG. 37 in An inventory of Bramble sharks Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Elasmobranchii, Echinorhinidae) in natural history collections worldwide for conservation status assessment
FIG. 37. — Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) in United Kingdom (Glasgow, Liverpool, London and Sheffield) collections (continuation): A, GMRC 1909.97 (Entry 183); B, LIVCM unregistered (Entry 184); C-E, MEFC unregistered (Entry 186); F, MSHF D.4.1.75-2 (Entry 187).
FIG. 39 in An inventory of Bramble sharks Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Elasmobranchii, Echinorhinidae) in natural history collections worldwide for conservation status assessment
FIG. 39. — Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) in United Kingdom (London) collections (continuation): A, B, BMNH 1865.7.10.29 (Entry 189); C, BMNH 1868.2.13.2 (Entry 190); D-F, BMNH 1891.7.23.1 (Entry 191); G, H, BMNH 1900.11.6.7 (Entry 193); I, J, BMNH 2004.12.5.25 (Entry 195).
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OpenNeuro
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