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447 results for “Neotropical distribution”
Acaulescence promotes speciation and shapes the distribution patterns of palms in Neotropical seasonally dry habitats
<p>Rainforests have been a source of lineages to open and seasonally dry habitats throughout Angiosperm evolution, especially in the Neotropics. However, the underlying mechanisms that allow such shifts remain poorly understood at large spatial scales. Here, we test whether acaulescence (an underground stem or a very short stem concealed in the ground) has affected the colonization and speciation in Neotropical seasonally dry habitats by <span>cocosoid palms</span> (Cocoseae). Acaulescent species maintain their growth underground, which increases their chances of survival from prolonged seasonal dry season and frequent fires. We use an integrative approach based on trait‐dependent diversification models, phylogenetic comparative methods, and ecological niche models. We found that shifts towards acaulescent growth form were accompanied by evolutionary transitions to seasonally dry habitats. Acaulescent lineages had higher speciation rates than non-acaulescent ones.<i> </i>However, the interaction between acaulescence and seasonally dry habitats had no significant effect on Cocoseae speciation rates. Acaulescent palms are primarily distributed in Neotropical seasonally dry habitats and non-acaulescent palms are concentrated in Amazonian rainforests. Our results suggest that an underground stem, with high carbohydrate and water storage capacity, is a preadaptation by which rainforest lineages were able to colonize and diversify in new fire-prone, increasingly seasonal and drier adaptive zones. The projected global expansion of dry seasonal habitats requires an understanding of how drought-avoidance functional traits evolve and how they are linked to seasonally dry habitats. Our results are, thus, a step forward in determining plant response mechanisms to drier and seasonal conditions.</p>
Fig. 2 in Relationships between morphology, diet and spatial distribution: testing the effects of intra and interspecific morphological variations on the patterns of resource use in two Neotropical Cichlids
Fig. 2. Head of Satanoperca pappaterra (a) and Crenicichla britskii (b), showing differences in the mouth protrusion.
Fig. 1 in Filling gaps in species distributions through the study of biological collections: 415 new distribution records for Neotropical Cryptinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)
Fig. 1. Heatmap with new distribution records for Neotropical Cryptinae. Warmer colors (red) indicate higher density of records, while whiter areas indicate sparse records or lack thereof.
Figure 1 in Modeling the potential geographic distribution of the poorly known Neotropical lizard Anotosaura vanzolinia Dixon, 1974 (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae) in Northeast Brazil
Figure 1. Specimens of Anotosaura vanzolinia. Total view (A) and close-up of the head (B) of the specimen (43 mm SVL, CHBEZ 2925) collected in Tenente Laurentino Cruz, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. (C) Specimen (ca. 52 mm SVL, MFCH 4399) from the new geographic record in Piauí State, Brazil. Photos A) and B) by Marcelo Kokubum; C) by Leonardo Ribeiro.
Figure 2 in Modeling the potential geographic distribution of the poorly known Neotropical lizard Anotosaura vanzolinia Dixon, 1974 (Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae) in Northeast Brazil
Figure 2. Known and potential distributions of Anotosaura vanzolinia in the Caatinga of Northeast Brazil: Bahia (BA), Alagoas (AL), Pernambuco (PE), Paraíba (PB), Rio Grande do Norte (RN), and Piauí (PI). See Table for explanation of the numbers. The area delimited in gray immediately above point 13 represents the Chapada do Araripe. Color scale indicates the environmental suitability predicted by the model, which ranges from 0 (blue) to 1 (red). The probability of occurrence of Anotosaura vanzolinia in two significant priority areas for the conservation are represented: A) Pedra Branca, Ceará State (high priority) and B) Pilão Arcado, Bahia and Piauí States (very high priority).
Fig. 2 in Distribution of the Neotropical water snakes Hydrops caesurus, H. martii, and H. triangularis in South America, with new records from Peru and Brazil
Fig. 2. Hydrops triangularis (photographic voucher Nbr. PERU2016_5732) recorded at Los Amigos Biological Station, Madre de Dios, Peru. Photo by Emanuele Biggi.
Fig. 1 in Distribution of the Neotropical water snakes Hydrops caesurus, H. martii, and H. triangularis in South America, with new records from Peru and Brazil
Fig. 1. Hydrops triangularis (MUSA 4749) collected at Pampas del Heath National Sanctuary, Madre de Dios region, Peru. Photo by Roy Santa Cruz.
FIGURE 5 in Assessing extinction risk from geographic distribution data in Neotropical freshwater fishes
FIGURE 5 | Collection points for 442 threatened Neotropical freshwater fishes (NFF) colored by elevation and sized by species' description year. Threatened NFF species are often those described decades ago, with range-restricted distributions in the upland rivers of the Brazilian Shield and the Colombian Andes, and coastal Atlantic and Caribbean drainages. CR: Critically Endangered; EN: Endangered; VU: Vulnerable; DD: Data Deficient (gray). Data for 4,412 localities with geographic coordinates.
FIGURE 6 in Assessing extinction risk from geographic distribution data in Neotropical freshwater fishes
FIGURE 6 | Collection points for 671 potentially threatened Neotropical Freshwater Fishes (NFF). Potentially threatened NFF species predicted by the ConR package using EOO estimates are usually distributed outside protected areas (e.g., national parks, indigenous lands: green) and more often located in the upland rivers of the northern, central and southern Andes, and Eastern Guiana Shield. CR: Critically Endangered; EN: Endangered; VU: Vulnerable; LC or NT: Least Concern or Near Threatened; DD: Data Deficient. Data for 4,412 localities with geographic coordinates. Protected areas (green) from: https://www.protectedplanet.net.
FIGURE 2 in Assessing extinction risk from geographic distribution data in Neotropical freshwater fishes
FIGURE 2 | Extinction risks in 3,001 Neotropical freshwater fishes (NFF). On average, 14% (422 of 3,001) NFF species are classified by the IUCN Red List (RL) as Vulnerable (VU), Endangered (EN) or Critically Endangered (CR). Extinction risks are relatively similar among the orders Characiformes (8.2%), Siluriformes (10.8%), Cichliformes (10.0%), and Gymnotiformes (14.9%). An exception is the clade Cyprinodontiformes, where about 48% of species are classified as either VU, EN, or CR. LC or NT: Least Concern or Near Threatened; DD: Data Deficient.
FIGURE 4 in Assessing extinction risk from geographic distribution data in Neotropical freshwater fishes
FIGURE 4 | Collection points for 442 threatened Neotropical freshwater fishes (NFF). Threatened NFF species classified by the IUCN Red List (RL) are often distributed in the upland rivers of the Brazilian Shield and the Colombian Andes, and coastal Atlantic and Caribbean drainages. CR: Critically Endangered; EN: Endangered; VU: Vulnerable; DD: Data Deficient. Data for 4,412 localities with geographic coordinates.
FIGURE 3 in Assessing extinction risk from geographic distribution data in Neotropical freshwater fishes
FIGURE 3 | Association among three variables and extinction risks in 3,001 Neotropical freshwater fishes (NFF). A. IUCN-Red List (RL) threat categories by species description dates. B. Species description dates by taxonomic orders. C. IUCN-RL categories by geographic ranges. D. Geographic ranges by taxonomic orders. E. IUCN-RL categories by elevation ranges. F. Elevational ranges by taxonomic orders. Threatened status are usually higher for recently described NFF species, those inhabiting narrow geographic ranges, and those confined to upland river drainages. CR: Critically Endangered; EN: Endangered; VU: Vulnerable; DD: Data Deficient.
FIGURE 1 in Assessing extinction risk from geographic distribution data in Neotropical freshwater fishes
FIGURE 1 | Sample of the phenotypic diversity of Neotropical freshwater fishes. Upper left to lower right: Lycengraulis grossidens (Spix & Agassiz, 1829); Hyphessobrycon hexastichos Bertaco & Carvalho, 2005; Geophagus neambi Lucinda, Lucena & Assis, 2010; Crenicichla lepidota Heckel, 1840; Trachelyopterus galeatus (Linnaeus, 1766); Anablepsoides xinguensis (Costa, 2010); Abramites hypselonotus (Günther 1868); Pituna xinguensis Costa & Nielsen, 2007; Gymnotus cuia Craig, Malabarba, Crampton & Albert, 2018; Apteronotus caudimaculosus de Santana, 2003; Colomesus tocantinensis Amaral, Brito, Silva & Carvalho, 2013; Corydoras britskii (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1983). Species not shown in scale.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Neotropical Acanthoderini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae): Synonymies and new status in some genera, new species, transferences and new distributional records.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Neotropical Acanthoderini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae): Synonymies and new status in some genera, new species, transferences and new distributional records". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/33f8c26a-7e4a-45cf-96a9-c12f0f55ca8a">https://bionomia.net/dataset/33f8c26a-7e4a-45cf-96a9-c12f0f55ca8a</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/33f8c26a-7e4a-45cf-96a9-c12f0f55ca8a">https://gbif.org/dataset/33f8c26a-7e4a-45cf-96a9-c12f0f55ca8a</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Neotropical osmylids (Neuroptera, Osmylidae): Three new species of Isostenosmylus Krüger, 1913, new distributional records, redescriptions, checklist and key for the Neotropical species.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Neotropical osmylids (Neuroptera, Osmylidae): Three new species of Isostenosmylus Krüger, 1913, new distributional records, redescriptions, checklist and key for the Neotropical species". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/a4408b5b-0ea4-4d35-a7de-8f9694fa6e9e">https://bionomia.net/dataset/a4408b5b-0ea4-4d35-a7de-8f9694fa6e9e</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/a4408b5b-0ea4-4d35-a7de-8f9694fa6e9e">https://gbif.org/dataset/a4408b5b-0ea4-4d35-a7de-8f9694fa6e9e</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Nomenclatural and distributional notes on Neotropical Cerambycidae (Coleoptera).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Nomenclatural and distributional notes on Neotropical Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/a45c618d-f858-47a5-8c02-2ecfcd64191d">https://bionomia.net/dataset/a45c618d-f858-47a5-8c02-2ecfcd64191d</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/a45c618d-f858-47a5-8c02-2ecfcd64191d">https://gbif.org/dataset/a45c618d-f858-47a5-8c02-2ecfcd64191d</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: New species and new distributional records of Neotropical Mantispidae (Insecta: Neuroptera).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "New species and new distributional records of Neotropical Mantispidae (Insecta: Neuroptera)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/9316f2ae-941e-4f30-9163-2d8d1309701e">https://bionomia.net/dataset/9316f2ae-941e-4f30-9163-2d8d1309701e</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/9316f2ae-941e-4f30-9163-2d8d1309701e">https://gbif.org/dataset/9316f2ae-941e-4f30-9163-2d8d1309701e</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Discovery of leaf-mining Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) in Colombia and their distribution in the Neotropics.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Discovery of leaf-mining Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) in Colombia and their distribution in the Neotropics". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/04799c8c-e8fc-4f8c-b619-c5aa5289a797">https://bionomia.net/dataset/04799c8c-e8fc-4f8c-b619-c5aa5289a797</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/04799c8c-e8fc-4f8c-b619-c5aa5289a797">https://gbif.org/dataset/04799c8c-e8fc-4f8c-b619-c5aa5289a797</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: New Neotropical and Nearctic species of water beetles in the genera Hydraena Kugelann and Ochthebius Leach, a key to North American genera and subgenera of the family, new distribution records, and a synopsis of ecology, behavior and morphology related to aquatic life (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "New Neotropical and Nearctic species of water beetles in the genera Hydraena Kugelann and Ochthebius Leach, a key to North American genera and subgenera of the family, new distribution records, and a synopsis of ecology, behavior and morphology related to aquatic life (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/35ec0e5e-a604-44cc-a20f-67222171030d">https://bionomia.net/dataset/35ec0e5e-a604-44cc-a20f-67222171030d</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/35ec0e5e-a604-44cc-a20f-67222171030d">https://gbif.org/dataset/35ec0e5e-a604-44cc-a20f-67222171030d</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
FIG. 3. — Gieysztoria reta n in A new species of Gieysztoria Ruebush & Hayes, 1939 (Platyhelminthes, Rhabdocoela, Dalyelliidae) from Argentina with comments on geographical distribution of the genus in the Neotropical region
FIG. 3. — Gieysztoria reta n. sp. CLSM images of whole-mounts labeled with rhodamine-phalloidin showing the muscle arrangement: A, B, caudal body section from dorsal to ventral plane; C-F, caudal body section viewed from the right side toward the left side to sagittal plane. Images A, B and C-F correspond to two different specimens. Numbers 1-4 indicate circular fibers of gonopore sphincter; dashed lines outline the vitellaria area. Continuous arrow indicates strong muscle fiber of bursa cavity. Dashed arrow indicates muscle fiber that associates the uterus bend with the copulatory bursa. Abbreviations: b1, copulatory bursa cavity 1; b2, copulatory bursa cavity 2; c, cilia; cb, copulatory bursa; cga, common genital atrium; cm, circular muscle fibers of the body wall; cma, circular muscle fibers of common genital atrium; cmb1, circular muscles of the bursa cavity 1; cmb2, circular muscles of bursa cavity 2; dm, diagonal muscle fibers of the body wall; e, egg; ed, ejaculatory duct; ep, epidermis; gp, gonopore; i, intestine; ic, insertion cavity of s1 spine; ov, ovary; ph, pharynx; pv, prostate vesicle; s, septum; sv, seminal vesicle; svm, muscular wall of seminal vesicle; s4, group of dorsal hollow spines; t, testes; ub, uterus bend; vd, vasa deferentia; vi, vitellaria. Scale bars: A, B, 50 μm; C, D, E, F 40 μm.
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