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FIGURE 8 in Termite nests in eolian backshore settings: An unusual record throughout the Quaternary in the Neotropical realm

FIGURE 8. Hypogean structures in nest D.4. Successive cuts evidencing a general funnel shape (a, b) and agglomer- ated passages (c, d) as a lateral projection.

FIGURE 7. Termite nests from site D in Termite nests in eolian backshore settings: An unusual record throughout the Quaternary in the Neotropical realm

FIGURE 7. Termite nests from site D. General view of nests close to the shoreline (a); grass around the mounds. Detail of big epigeal portion in D.6 (b). Details of the cast nest D.4 (c). Detail of passages of epigeal portion and the surrounding roots in the bottom portion (d). Schematic disposition of termite nests in cross-section (e) and plan view (f); the closest nest is ca. 58 m from shoreline.

FIGURE 4. Termite nests from site B in Termite nests in eolian backshore settings: An unusual record throughout the Quaternary in the Neotropical realm

FIGURE 4. Termite nests from site B. General view of nest B.1 (a) and proximity to the shoreline; sparse vegetation of grasses and ferns around the mound. Detailed view of B.1 nest cast (b) and lateral projections mostly inside roots. Detail of the passages inside roots (c), cast by resin. Schematic disposition of termite nests in cross-section (d) and in plan view (e); closest nest is nearly 50 m from shoreline, where the nests are concentrated in interdune settings in the frontal dune zone.

FIGURE 5. Termite nests from site C in Termite nests in eolian backshore settings: An unusual record throughout the Quaternary in the Neotropical realm

FIGURE 5. Termite nests from site C. General view of nest C.1, next to a stream (a); it is seem a diverse vegetation close to the permanent stream, but the termite nests are restrict to grass. Detail of nest C.1 surrounded by grass (b). Detail of the inner passages of nest C.2 surrounded by grass roots (c). Schematic disposition of the termite nests in cross-section (d) and plan view (e); closest nest is approximately 170 m from the shoreline, where the nests are concentrated in the wet interdune zone.

FIGURE 1 in Termite nests in eolian backshore settings: An unusual record throughout the Quaternary in the Neotropical realm

FIGURE 1. Schematic map of studied areas (red circles). In this study only coastal occurrences of termite nests were considered. Site A: 29°23'3.26"S, 49°45'29.94"W; Site B: 30° 5'21.61"S, 50°10'9.26"W; Site C: 31° 9'34.00"S, 50°49'0.12"W; Site D: 33°43'40.44"S, 53°21'3.80"W. Modified from Google Earth.

Fig. 4 in Classification of pleurodire polystomes (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, Polystomatidae) revisited with the description of two new genera from the Australian and Neotropical Realms

Fig. 4. Haptor of Polystomoides brasiliensis showing the deep incisions between suckers. Scale bar = 200 μm.

Fig. 3 in Classification of pleurodire polystomes (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, Polystomatidae) revisited with the description of two new genera from the Australian and Neotropical Realms

Fig. 3. Violin plot of the genital spines number. A = Aussietrema infecting pleurodires; B = Neopolystoma infecting pleurodires; C = Polystomoides infecting pleurodires; D = Uropolystomoides infecting pleurodires of the Australian Realm; E = Uropolystomoides infecting pleurodires of the Ethiopian Realm; F = Fornixtrema infecting cryptodires; G = Neopolystoma infecting cryptodires; G = Polystomoides infecting cryptodires; I = Uropolystomoides infecting cryptodires; J = Apalonotrema moleri infecting a cryptodire host. K = Uteropolystomoides nelsoni infecting a cryptodire host.

Fig. 1 in Classification of pleurodire polystomes (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, Polystomatidae) revisited with the description of two new genera from the Australian and Neotropical Realms

Fig. 1. Lateroventral vaginae as observed for Neopolystoma kreffti (A), Uropolystomoides scottae (B) and Polystomoides brasiliensis (C). Annotations: gb, genital bulb; ov, ovary; te, testis; vg, vaginae. Scale bar = 200 μm.

Fig. 6 in Classification of pleurodire polystomes (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, Polystomatidae) revisited with the description of two new genera from the Australian and Neotropical Realms

Fig. 6. Hamuli of Polystomoides spp. A = Polystomoides japonicum Ozaki, 1935; B = Polystomoides magdalenensis Lenis and Garcia-Prieto, 2009; C = Polystomoides ocellatum (Rudolphi, 1819); D = Polystomoides pauli (Timmers and Lewis, 1979); E = Polystomoides platynotae Combes and Rohde, 1979; F = Polystomoides rohdei; G = Polystomoides brasiliensis; H = Polystomoides fuquesi Man´e-Garzon and Gil, 1962; I = Polystomoides uruguayensis Man´e-Garzon and Gil, 1961. Scale bar = 50 μm.

Fig. 2 in Classification of pleurodire polystomes (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, Polystomatidae) revisited with the description of two new genera from the Australian and Neotropical Realms

Fig. 2. Violin plot of inter-vaginal distance as % of the body width at the level of the vagina. The plot visualises the probability density of the data at different values. Within each violin is a marker for the median of the data as well as marker indicating the interquartile range. A = Aussietrema infecting pleurodires; B = Neopolystoma infecting pleurodires; C = Polystomoides infecting pleurodires; D = Uropolystomoides infecting pleurodires of the Australian Realm; E = Uropolystomoides infecting pleurodires of the Ethiopian Realm; F = Fornixtrema infecting cryptodires; G = Neopolystoma infecting cryptodires; G = Polystomoides infecting cryptodires; I = Uropolystomoides infecting cryptodires; J = Apalonotrema moleri infecting a cryptodire host. K = Uteropolystomoides nelsoni infecting a cryptodire host.

FIGURES 72–83 in Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

FIGURES 72–83. Morphological structures of immature stages and adult of Stegosatyrus periphas. 72–77. Egg and larvae of first instar: 72. Egg, 73. Cephalic capsule, 74. Thorax, 75. Abdominal legs, 76. Abdominal segment IX+X, 77. Abdominal spiracle; 78–83. Adult, male: 78. Apex of antennae, 79. Sensory organ, 80. Midtibial spur, 81. Claw, 82. Von Reuter organ, 83. Basiconical sensila of galeae. e—stemmata, fm—femur, tb—tibia, t—tarsus, g—claw, cc—hooks, et—thoracic spiracle.

FIGURES 65–71 in Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

FIGURES 65–71. Immature stages of Stegosatyrus periphas. 65–66. Egg: 65. Dorsal, 66. Lateral; 67–69. Few days before hatching: 67. Dorsal, 68. Left lateral, 69. Right lateral; 70. Larvae hatching; 71. Larvae of first instar. (scale = 1mm).

FIGURES 61–64 in Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

FIGURES 61–64. Stegosatyrus hemiclara Pyrcz, Boyer & Zacca n. sp.: 61–63. Male genitalia (scale = 0, 05mm): 61. Lateral, 62. Dorsal, 63. Aedeagus; 46. Female genitalia, lateral (scale = 1mm).

FIGURES 33–46. Stegosatyrus ocelloides. 33–34 in Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

FIGURES 33–46. Stegosatyrus ocelloides. 33–34. Wings venation (scale = 2mm): 33. Male, 34. Female; 35–36. Forelegs (scale = 1mm): 35. Male, 36. Female; 37–44. Male genitalia (scale = 1mm): 37. Lateral; 38–39. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: 38. Dorsal, 39. Ventral; 40–41. Valvae: 40. External view, 41. Inner view; 42–44. Aedeagus: 42. Lateral, 43. Dorsal, 44. Ventral; 45–46. Female genitalia (scale = 1mm): 45. Lateral, 46. Ventral.

FIGURES 47–60. Stegosatyrus periphas. 47–48 in Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

FIGURES 47–60. Stegosatyrus periphas. 47–48. Wings venation (scale = 2mm): 47. Male, 48. Female. 49–50. Forelegs (scale = 1mm): 49. Male, 50. Female. 51–58. Male genitalia (scale = 1mm): 51. Lateral; 52–53. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: 52. Dorsal, 53. Ventral; 54–55. Valvae: 54. External view, 55. Inner view; 56–58. Aedeagus: 56. Lateral, 57. Dorsal, 58. Ventral. 59–60. Female genitalia (scale = 1mm): 59. Lateral, 60. Ventral.

FIGURES 17–22 in Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

FIGURES 17–22. Cephalic appendages of Stegosatyrus. 17–19. Antenna: 17. S. imbrialis, 18. S. ocelloides, 19. S. periphas; 20–22. Labial palpi: 20. S. imbrialis, 21. S. ocelloides, 22. S. periphas. (Scale = 1mm).

FIGURES 1–16 in Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

FIGURES 1–16. Adults of Stegosatyrus, n. gen.. 1–2. S. imbrialis, male: 1. Dorsal, 2. Ventral; 3–4. S. imbrialis, female: 3. Dorsal, 4. Ventral; 5–6. S. ocelloides, male: 5. Dorsal, 6. Ventral; 7–8. S. ocelloides, female: 7. Dorsal, 8. Ventral; 9–10. S. periphas, male: 9. Dorsal, 10. Ventral; 11–12. S. periphas, female: 11. Dorsal, 12. Ventral. 13–14. S. hemiclara n. sp., holotype, male: 13. Dorsal, 14. Ventral; 15–16. S. hemiclara n. sp., allotype, female: 15. Dorsal, 16. Ventral.

FIGURES 23–32. Stegosatyrus imbrialis. 23–30 in Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

FIGURES 23–32. Stegosatyrus imbrialis. 23–30. Male genitalia (scale = 1mm): 23. Lateral; 24–25. Valvae: 24. External view, 25. Inner view; 26–28. Aedeagus: 26. Lateral, 27. Dorsal, 28. Ventral; 29–30. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: 29. Dorsal, 30. Ventral; 31. Female genitalia (scale = 1mm); 32. Wings venation, male (scale = 2mm).

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FIGURE 1 in A new genus of tiger beetle (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) from the Nearctic and Neotropical realms

FIGURE 1. Phylogeny of Cylindera lemniscata and related taxa. Taxon sampling was informed by Vogler and Welsh (1997), Barraclough and Vogler (2002) and Vogler et al. (2005). Topology redrawn from Duran and Gough (2019).