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Fig. 8 in Two New Species of Composetia (Annelida: Nereididae) from Small Estuaries in the Ryukyu Islands, Southern Japan, with a List of All Species Currently Belonging to Composetia

Fig. 8. Chaetae of Composetia tokashikiensis sp. nov. A–C, chaetae in parapodium 5 of the holotype (NSMT-Pol H-774): A, homogomph spiniger of notochaetae; B, heterogomph spiniger with short blade from upper neurochaetal bundle; C, heterogomph spiniger with long blade from lower neurochaetal bundle (upper position). D, E, chaetae in parapodium 43 of paratype (NSMT-Pol P-775): D, heterogomph spiniger with short blade from lower neurochaetal bundle (lower position); E, heterogomph falciger from lower neurochaetal bundle. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.

Fig. 5 in Two New Species of Composetia (Annelida: Nereididae) from Small Estuaries in the Ryukyu Islands, Southern Japan, with a List of All Species Currently Belonging to Composetia

Fig. 5. Landscape of the type locality of Composetia kumensis sp. nov. at the uplifted coral reef at Gushicha Gusuku on Kume-jima island (photographed on 22 November 2013). A, overview of the uplifted coral reef around the sampling site; B, the sampling site in a small creek originating from a freshwater spring (arrow) in the upper intertidal zone of the uplifted coral reef, surrounded by saltmarsh vegetation. Scale bar in B: 1 m.

Fig. 3 in Two New Species of Composetia (Annelida: Nereididae) from Small Estuaries in the Ryukyu Islands, Southern Japan, with a List of All Species Currently Belonging to Composetia

Fig. 3. Chaetae in chaetiger 20 of paratype (NSMT-Pol P-771) of Composetia kumensis sp. nov. A, homogomph spiniger from notochaetae; B, heterogomph spiniger from lower neurochaetae; C, heterogomph falciger from upper neurochaetae. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.

Fig. 7 in Two New Species of Composetia (Annelida: Nereididae) from Small Estuaries in the Ryukyu Islands, Southern Japan, with a List of All Species Currently Belonging to Composetia

Fig. 7. Composetia tokashikiensis sp. nov. A–C, paratype (NSMT-Pol P-775): A, dorsal views of prostomium and peristomium; B, dorsal view of the everted proboscis; C, ventral view of the everted proboscis. D–G, holotype (NSMT-Pol H-774): D, posterior view of right parapodium 1; E, posterior view of right parapodium 5; F, anterior view of right parapodium 5; G, posterior view of right parapodium 32. H, posterior view of right parapodium 51 of the paratype (NSMT-Pol P-775). Arrow indicates a notoacicular process. Abbreviations: g, glandular patch; i, neuropodial inferior lobe; ne, neuroacicula; no, notoacicula; p, neuropodial postchaetal lobe. Scale bars: 1 mm (A–C); 0.1 mm (D–H).

Fig. 4 in Two New Species of Composetia (Annelida: Nereididae) from Small Estuaries in the Ryukyu Islands, Southern Japan, with a List of All Species Currently Belonging to Composetia

Fig. 4. Schematic diagrams of chaetal arrangement in distal view of right parapodium around chaetiger 5. A, Composetia kumensis sp. nov. B, C. tokashikiensis sp. nov. Closed circles: homogomph spinigers. Closed squares: heterogomph spinigers. Closed stars: heterogomph falcigers. Asterisks indicate that few heterogomph falcigers are sometimes present. Abbreviations: dc, dorsal cirrus; i, neuropodial inferior lobe; ne, neuroacicula; nea, neuropodial acicular ligule; nev, neuropodial ventral ligule; no, notoacicula; nod, notopodial dorsal ligule; np, notoacicular process; nov, notopodial ventral ligule; po, neuropodial postchaetal lobe; vc, ventral cirrus.

Fig. 6 in Two New Species of Composetia (Annelida: Nereididae) from Small Estuaries in the Ryukyu Islands, Southern Japan, with a List of All Species Currently Belonging to Composetia

Fig. 6. Composetia tokashikiensis sp. nov. A, dorsal view of the whole body of the preserved specimen of holotype (NSMT-Pol H-774). Arrow indicates the enlarged oral ring of the everted proboscis. B–D, anterior end of a paratype (NSMT-Pol P-783): B, dorsal view of prostomium, peristomium, and anterior chaetigers; C, dorsal view of the everted proboscis; D, ventral view of the everted proboscis. E, landscape of the type locality at the upper reaches of a small estuary in the Tokashiki-gawa river in Tokashiki-jima island (photographed on 27 May 2012). Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–D).

Fig. 1 in Two New Species of Composetia (Annelida: Nereididae) from Small Estuaries in the Ryukyu Islands, Southern Japan, with a List of All Species Currently Belonging to Composetia

Fig. 1. Composetia kumensis sp. nov. A, dorsal view of the whole body of the preserved specimen of holotype (NSMT-Pol H-766). Arrow indicates the enlarged oral ring of the everted proboscis. B, C, paratype (NSMT-Pol P-772): B, dorsal view of the anterior body of a live specimen; C, dorsal view of anterior end of the preserved specimen. D, Jaw of paratype (NSMT-Pol P-773). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.1 mm (D).

FIG. 1. — Areas VI-V-VI in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 1. — Areas VI-V-VI patterns of the pharynx shaped by the ridges and furrows: A-C, Perinereis latipalpa (Schmarda, 1861) n. comb. with a λ-shaped pattern; D-F, Perinereis nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) with a χ-shaped pattern; G-I, Perinereis larentukana (Grube in Peters, 1881) n. comb. with a υ-shaped pattern; J-L, Perinereis shikueii Glasby & Hsieh, 2006 with a ɔc-shaped pattern; A, D, G, J, dorsal portion of oral ring; B, E, H, K, same with a slightly irregular line drawings on the shape formed by AVI-V-VI pattern; C, F, I, L, symmetrical line drawings of the AVI-V-VI patterns. Scale bars: 1 mm. J, K, after Glasby & Hsieh (2006).

FIG. 4 in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 4. — Perinereis latipalpa (Schmarda, 1861) n. comb. lectotype (NMHW 769a): A-F, parapodia, anterior view (numbers refer the chaetiger); A, B, with bent dorsal cirri; E, black arrowheads, points used for measuring entire length of distal lobe of dorsal ligule; white, same but for proximal lobe; F, with incomplete dorsal cirri; black arrowheads, central glandular patch; white, proximal patch; G, H, approach of notopodial homogomph spinigers (chaet. 39 and 60, respectively) (arrows point thick, separated teeth); I, Heterogomph spiniger (chaet. 60); inset: proximal teeth; J, neuropodial heterogomph falciger, supracicular (chaet. 60); K, same, subacicular (chaet. 60); black arrowheads, points used for measuring length of blade of the proximal end (a); white, same but for distal end (b); L, same, subacicular (chaet. 119), black arrowheads, points used for measuring length of the serrated region; white, same but for entire length of blade. Scale bars: A-F, 0.5 mm; G-L, 15 µm.

FIG. 8 in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 8. — Perinereis larentukana (Grube in Peters, 1881) n. comb., syntypes (ZMB 863): A-D, I-K, from best-preserved specimen; E-H, L, from complete specimen; A, anterior region, dorsal view; B, prostomium, dorsal view (arrow points nuchal organ); C, left jaw, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views; D, same, zoom-in, ventral view (arrows point canals); E, maxillary ring of pharynx, frontal view; F, oral ring, frontal view; G, same, dorsal view (arrow points distal portion of λ-shaped pattern); H, same, ventral view; I, approach of notopodial homogomph spiniger (chaet. 10) (arrow points slender, evenly spaced teeth); J, neuropodial heterogomph falciger, supracicular (chaet. 10); M, same, subacicular (chaet.10); L, posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 3 mm; B, H, L, 1 mm; C, E-G, 0.5 mm; D, 0.1 mm; I-L, 15 µm.

FIG. 9 in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 9. — Perinereis larentukana (Grube in Peters, 1881) n. comb. best-preserved syntype (ZMB 863): A-F, parapodia, anterior view (numbers refer the chaetiger); F, with bent ventral cirri. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIG. 7 in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 7. — Perinereis latipalpa (Schmarda, 1861) n. comb.: A-E, topotype of Perinereis namibia Wilson & Glasby, 1993, n. syn. (ZMB 4109b): A, maxillary ring of pharynx, frontal view; B, oral ring of pharynx, dorsal view (arrow points distal portion of λ-shaped pattern); C, same, ventral view; D, parapodium 74, anterior view; E, approach to homogomph spinigers (chaet. 74), notopodial (left), neuropodial supracicular (right) (arrows point thickened, separated teeth). F-K, Perinereis vallata (Grube & Kröyer in Grube, 1858), non-type (ZMB 3666); F, approach to neuropodial supracicular homogomph spiniger (chaet. 76) (arrow points barely thickened, evenly spaced teeth); G, anterior region, dorsal view; H, maxillary ring, frontal view (arrows point merged paragnaths); I, oral ring, dorsal view (arrow points distal portion of χ-shaped pattern); J, pharynx, ventral view; K, same, lateral view. Scale bars: A, D, H, 0.5 mm; B, C, G, I-K, 1 mm; E, F, 15 µm.

FIG. 5 in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 5. — Perinereis latipalpa (Schmarda, 1861) n. comb., holotype of Neanthes latipalpa Kinberg, 1865 n. syn. (SMNH 37900): A, anterior region, dorsal view; B, pharynx, dorsal view (arrow points proximal overlap of areas V and VI); C, oral ring of pharynx, lateral view; D, same, ventral view; E, posterior region, ventral view; F-I, parapodia, anterior view (numbers refer the chaetiger); J, approach of notopodial homogomph spinigers (chaet. 45) (arrows point thicker, separated teeth); K, neuropodial heterogomph falciger, subacicular (chaet. 45); L, permanent microscope slide, mounted 27th parapodia (SMNH 37900, housed at the NHMUK). Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B-E, 1 mm; F-H, 0.5 mm; I, 0.3 mm; J, K, 15 µm.

FIG. 3 in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 3. — Perinereis latipalpa (Schmarda, 1861) n. comb: A, recent (above) and older (below) labels of the jars containing paralectotype materials at the Natural History Museum, Vienna (NMHW 771); B, C, lectotype (NMHW 769a); D-I, Paralectotype (NMHW 771); B, anterior region, dorsal view; C, posterior region, dorsal view; D, pharynx, anterior view (arrow points distal portion of λ-shaped pattern); E, same, ventral view; F, same, dorsal view; inset: entire λ-shaped pattern (arrow points proximal overlap of areas V and VI); G, same, lateral view (arrow points narrow gap); H, left jaw, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views; I, same, zoom-in, ventral view (arrow: canals). Scale bars: B, C, 3 mm; D-G, 2 mm; H, 1 mm; I, 0.5 mm.

FIG. 2 in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 2. — Perinereis nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818), topotypes (ZMB 4019-Q): A, F, I-P, from complete specimen; B-E, G, from incomplete specimen; A, anterior region, dorsal view; inset: left nuchal organ; B, right jaw, ventral (left) and dorsal (right) views; C, same, close up of pulp cavity, ventral view (arrow points canal); D, maxillary ring of pharynx, ventral view; E, pharynx, lateral view; F, oral ring of pharynx, dorsal view; black arrowhead, distal portion of χ-shaped pattern; white arrowhead, proximal portion of χ-shaped pattern; black arrow, pointing anterior region; G, pharynx, ventral view; H-K, parapodia, anterior view (numbers refer the chaetiger); L, neuropodial homogomph spiniger, supracicular (chaet. 64); M, heterogomph spiniger, subacicular (chaet. 24); N, heterogomph falciger, supracicular (chaet. 24); O, same, subacicular (chaet. 119); P, posterior region, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 3 mm; B, D-G, P, 1 mm; C, 0.2 mm; H-K, 0.5 mm; L-O, 15 µm.

FIG. 6 in Redescription of two overlooked species of the Perinereis nuntia complex and morphological delimitation of P. nuntia (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) from the Red Sea (Annelida, Nereididae)

FIG. 6. — Perinereis latipalpa (Schmarda, 1861) n. comb., syntypes of Neanthes latipalpa typica Willey, 1904 n. syn. (NHMUK 1911.2.1.23-26); A, anterior region, dorsal view; B, same, ventral view; C, right jaw, ventral view (arrows point canals); D, maxillary ring of pharynx, ventral view; E, oral ring of pharynx, ventral view (arrow points distal portion of λ-shaped pattern); F, posterior region, dorsal view; G-J, parapodia, anterior view (numbers refer the chaetiger); K, approach of notopodial homogomph spiniger (chaet. 41) (arrow points thicker, separated teeth); L, neuropodial heterogomph falciger, supracicular (chaet. 41); M, same, subacicular (chaet. 41); N, permanent microscope slide with mounted 8th, 33rd and 73rd parapodia (NHMUK 1911.2.1.23-26a); O, same, 28th parapodia (NHMUK 1911.2.1.23-26b). Scale bars: A, B, F, 1 mm; C, 0.2 mm; D, E, G-J, 0.5 mm; K-M, 15 µm.

Fig. 19 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)

Fig. 19. Nereis mezianei sp. nov., paratypes (MNHN 372-4b). A. Smallest paratype, dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, dorsal view. C. Same, median segments, dorsal view. D. Same, posterior region, dorsal view. E. Largest paratype, anterior region, dorsal view. F. Same, anterior end, dorsal view.

Fig. 20 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)

Fig. 20. Nereis mezianei sp. nov., mature female (MNHN 372-T28). A. Dorsal view. B. Anterior region, dorsal view. Parapodia stained with Shirslastain-A. C. Chaetiger 2, right parapodium, anterior view (dorsal cirrus bent). D. Chaetiger 35, left parapodium, posterior view. E. Chaetiger 52, right parapodium, posterior view.

Fig. 18 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)

Fig. 18. Nereis mezianei sp. nov., holotype (MNHN 372-4). A. Dorsal view. B. Anterior region, dorsal view. C. Chaetiger 2, left parapodium, anterior view (ventral cirrus lost). D. Chaetiger 16, left parapodium, posterior view (ventral cirrus lost). E. Chaetiger 31, right parapodium, posterior view (notopodial homogomph and supracicular heterogomph falcigers broken). F. Chaetiger 55, right parapodium, posterior view (insets: homogomph falcigers tips). G. Posterior region, dorsal view.

Fig. 13 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)

Fig. 13. Nereis riisei Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1857, non-type, pre-epitokal specimen (UMML 22.1171). A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Posterior end, dorsal view. C. Chaetiger 1, right parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger 11, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 49, right parapodium, anterior view. F. Chaetiger 88, right parapodium, anterior view. G. Chaetiger 113, right parapodium, anterior view. H. Chaetiger 88, notopodial homogomph falciger. I. Same, neuropodial supracicular homogomph spiniger. J. Same, neuropodial subacicular heterogomph falciger. K. Same, neuropodial supracicular heterogomph falciger.